Honeywell TPE331

The Honeywell TPE331 (military designation: T76) is a turboprop engine. It was designed in the 1950s by Garrett AiResearch, and produced since 1999 by successor Honeywell Aerospace. The engine's power output ranges from 575 to 1,650 shaft horsepower (429 to 1,230 kW).^[2][3][4]

TPE331 / T76
TPE331-14
Type	Turboprop
National origin	United States
Manufacturer	Garrett AiResearch Honeywell Aerospace
First run	1960
Major applications	Fairchild Swearingen Metroliner Mitsubishi MU-2 Rockwell Turbo Commander
Number built	13,500+[1]
Developed into	Garrett TPF351

Design and development

Garrett AiResearch designed the TPE331 from scratch in 1959 for the military.^[5] “Designed as a 575-horsepower engine it was not a scaled-down version of a larger engine, as competitors were offering.”^[6] The TPE331 originated in 1961 as a gas turbine (the "331") to power helicopters.^[6] It first went into production in 1963.^[7] More than 700 had been shipped by the end of 1973.^[6] It was designed to be both a turboshaft (TSE331)^[8] and a turboprop (TPE331), but the turboshaft version never went into production. The first engine was produced in 1963, installed on the Aero Commander in 1964 and put into production on the Aero Commander Turbo Commander in June 1965.^{[citation needed]}

Performance

The 715 shp TPE331-6 used in the Beech King Air B100 have a 400-hr. fuel nozzle cleaning interval, 1,800-hr. hot section inspection interval and a 5,400-hr. time between overhaul; approval is possible for 3,000-hr. HSIs and 6,000-hr. overhauls and engine reserves are cheaper than for the PT6A.^[9]

Variants

Military variants (T76)

T76-G-2

T76-G-4

T76-G-6

T76-G-8

T76-G-10

T76-G-12

T76-G-12A

T76-G-14

T76-G-16

T76-G-410

T76-G-411

T76-G-416

T76-G-417

T76-G-418

T76-G-419

T76-G-420

T76-G-421

Commercial variants (TPE331)

US FAA TC Variants

Model	Certified[lower-alpha 1]
TPE331-1	1967-12[14]
TPE331-1U
TPE331-1UA
TPE331-2	1967-12[14]
TPE331-2U
TPE331-2UA
TPE331-3	1969-03-28
TPE331-3U	1969-03-28
TPE331-3UW	1969-03-28
TPE331-3W	1969-03-28
TPE331-5[lower-alpha 2]	1970-05-15
TPE331-5A	1988-05-04
TPE331-5AB	1992-07-21
TPE331-5B	1992-07-21
TPE331-5U	1970-05-15
TPE331-6[lower-alpha 3]	1970-05-15
TPE331-6A	1978-01-20
TPE331-6U	1970-05-15
TPE331-8[lower-alpha 4]	1976-11-19
TPE331-8A	1981-12-24
TPE331-9	1976-11-19
TPE331-9U	1976-11-19
TPE331-10	1978-01-20
TPE331-10A	1980-12-12
TPE331-10AV	1996-07-19
TPE331-10B	1980-12-12
TPE331-10G	1984-08-14
TPE331-10GP	1994-12-14
TPE331-10GR	1984-08-14
TPE331-10GT	1994-12-14
TPE331-10J	1988-05-04
TPE331-10N	1992-02-06
TPE331-10P	1994-12-14
TPE331-10R	1982-06-25
TPE331-10T	1994-04-14
TPE331-10U	1978-01-20
TPE331-10UA	1982-07-29
TPE331-10UF	1982-06-25
TPE331-10UG	1984-08-14
TPE331-10UGR	1984-08-14
TPE331-10UJ	1988-05-04
TPE331-10UK	1988-11-04
TPE331-10UR	1983-11-14
TPE331-11U	1979-09-28
TPE331-11UA	1982-06-25
TPE331-12	1984-12-19
TPE331-12B[lower-alpha 5]	1986-12-10
TPE331-12JR	1997-10-31
TPE331-12UA	1988-05-04
TPE331-12UAN	2014-05-09
TPE331-12UAR	1987-12-18
TPE331-12UER	1991-07-22
TPE331-12UHR	1993-01-07
TSE331-3U[lower-alpha 6]	1970-04-30
TPE331-14A	1984-04-26
TPE331-14B	1984-04-26
TPE331-14F	1989-05-24
TPE331-14GR	1992-07-13
TPE331-14HR	1992-07-13
TPE331-15AW	1988-12-05
TPE331-16[lower-alpha 7]	N/A
TPE331-25A
TPE331-25AA
TPE331-25AB
TPE331-25B
TPE331-25C
TPE331-25D
TPE331-25DA
TPE331-25DB
TPE331-25E
TPE331-25F
TPE331-25FA
TPE331-29A
TPE331-43
TPE331-43-A
TPE331-43-B
TPE331-45
TPE331-47 [lower-alpha 8]
TPE331-47-A
TPE331-47-B
TPE331-51
TPE331-55
TPE331-55-A
TPE331-55-B
TPE331-57
TPE331-57-B
TPE331-61
TPE331-61-A

1. Dates from FAA type certificates E4WE^[10] (TPE331 model series 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12) and E18NE^[11] (series 14 and 15). No certification date information available from type certificates E3WE^[12] (series 1 and 2) and E2WE^[13] (series 25, 29, 43, 45, 47, 51, 55, 57, and 61).
2. Powered the Rockwell Aero Commander Turbo Commander 690, CASA 212-100, Mitsubishi MU-2N, and Dornier 228.^[15]
3. Powered the Mitsubishi MU-2S/K/L/M and Beech B-100.^[15]
4. Powered the Cessna Conquest 441.^[16]
5. Powered the Shorts Tucano trainer aircraft and the CASA 212-400 regional airliner.^[17]
6. Used on the Sikorsky S-55 military helicopter.^[18]
7. Renamed to TPF351-20 in early 1988.^[19] Was the rear-fuselage powerplant for the Embraer/FMA CBA 123 Vector. Flown on a Boeing 720 testbed aircraft and Vector prototype starting in July 1990. Development of the aircraft and engine suspended in 1992, when the engine was nine months from certification.^[20]
8. Entered service on the Volpar Super Turbo 18 in February 1966.^[21]

Applications

• Aero/Rockwell Turbo Commander 680/690/840/980/1000
• Antonov An-38
• Ayres Thrush
• BAe Jetstream 31/32
• British Aerospace Jetstream 41
• Beech B100 King Air
• CASA C-212 Aviocar
• Cessna 441 Conquest II
• Comp Air 9
• Conroy Stolifter
• Dornier 228
• Fairchild Swearingen Metroliner
• General Atomics MQ-9 Reaper
• Grob G 520
• HAL HTT-40
• Kestrel K-350
• Mitsubishi MU-2
• North American Rockwell OV-10 Bronco
• Pilatus/Fairchild PC-6C Turbo-Porter
• Piper Cheyenne 400
• Short SC.7 Skyvan
• Short Tucano (EMB-312S Tucano)
• Swearingen Merlin

Fitted with TPE-331s as a replacement for their original engines

• Beechcraft Model 18
• Cessna 208 Caravan
• Cessna 337 Skymaster
• de Havilland Canada DHC-2 Beaver
• de Havilland Canada DHC-3 Otter
• de Havilland DH.104 Dove
• FMA IA 58 Pucará
• Grumman Ag Cat
• Grumman S-2 Tracker
• Marsh S-2F3AT Turbo Tracker
• Handley Page Jetstream
• PAC Fletcher
• SibNIA TVS-2MS (Antonov An-2 conversion)
• Sikorsky H-19 Chickasaw

Specifications

Cutaway view of a TPE-331

General characteristics

• Type: Single-shaft turboprop with integral gearbox
• Length: 46 inches (1,200 mm) (TPE331-43A),^[7] 42.82 in (1,088 mm) (TPE331-10)^[22]
• Diameter: 21 inches (530 mm) (TPE331-43A)^[7]
• Dry weight: 336 lb (152 kg) (TPE331-43A),^[7] 385 lb (175 kg) (TPE331-10)^[22]

Components

• Compressor: Two-stage centrifugal
• Combustors: Reverse annular
• Turbine: Three-stage axial
• Fuel type: Jet A, Jet B, Jet A-1, JP-8, JP-1, JP-4, JP-5, JP8+100^[23]

Performance

• Maximum power output: 575 hp (429 kW) (TPE331-43A),^[7] 940 hp (700 kW) (TPE331-10)^[22]
• Overall pressure ratio: 10.55:1 (TPE331-10)^[22]
• Specific fuel consumption: 0.534 lb/(hp⋅h) (325 g/kWh) (TPE331-10)^[22]
• Power-to-weight ratio: 1.71 hp/lb (2.81 kW/kg) (TPE331-43A),^[7] 2.44 hp/lb (4.01 kW/kg) (TPE331-10)^[22]

See also

• Aviation portal

Comparable engines

• General Electric Catalyst
• Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6
• Walter M601

Related lists

• List of aircraft engines

References

1. Brecken, Steve (July 2016). "Honeywell Continues to Hone Turboprop Engine for 50th Anniversary" (Press release). Phoenix, Arizona: Honeywell Aerospace. Archived from the original on 2019-07-04.
2. "TPE331 Spec Chart". Honeywell Aerospace. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-09-03. Retrieved 2014-08-29.
3. "TPE". Products & Services. Honeywell Aerospace. Archived from the original on 2010-09-08.
4. "TPE331-14 Turboprop Engine" (PDF). Honeywell Aerospace. 2006-07-10. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-09-03. Retrieved 2014-08-29.
5. "TPE331 Engines Offers Super Performance on Dornier 228 Aircraft" (Press release). Phoenix, Arizona: Honeywell Aerospace. 2017-04-11.
6. Schoneberger, William A.; Scholl, Robert R. H. (1985). Out of Thin Air: Garrett's First 50 Years. Garrett Corporation. pp. 153, 174–175, 203. ISBN 9780961702908.
7. "Garrett TPE331". Collection. Canadian Museum of Flight. Archived from the original on 2019-07-04.
8. Wilkinson, Paul H. (1964). Aircraft engines of the World 1964/65 (20th ed.). London: Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd. p. 43.
9. George, Fred (2017-01-30). "Used Aircraft Report: Beech King Air B100". Business & Commercial Aviation. Aviation Week Network.
10. Honeywell (AlliedSignal, Garrett, AiResearch) (May 22, 2014). E4WE. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) (Report). Type Certificate Data Sheet (34 ed.).{{cite report}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
11. Honeywell (AlliedSignal, Garrett) (February 1, 2000). E18NE. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) (Report). Type Certificate Data Sheet (9 ed.).
12. Honeywell (AlliedSignal, Garrett, AiResearch) (February 1, 2000). E3WE. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) (Report). Type Certificate Data Sheet (8 ed.).{{cite report}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
13. Honeywell (AlliedSignal, Garrett, AiResearch) (February 1, 2000). E2WE. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) (Report). Type Certificate Data Sheet (8 ed.).{{cite report}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
14. Leyes & Fleming 1999, p. 648.
15. Leyes & Fleming 1999, p. 652.
16. Leyes & Fleming 1999, p. 653.
17. Leyes & Fleming 1999, p. 656.
18. Leyes & Fleming 1999, p. 661.
19. "Garrett engine is redesignated". Regional Airline Report. Airline Executive. February 1988. p. 12. ISSN 0278-6702.
20. Leyes & Fleming 1999, pp. 710–711.
21. Leyes & Fleming 1999, p. 645.
22. "TPE331-10 Turboprop Engine" (PDF). Honeywell Aerospace. April 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-07-19.
23. "TPE331-10 Turboprop Engine" (PDF). Honeywell Aerospace. February 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-01-05.

Bibliography

• Leyes, Richard A., II; Fleming, William A. (1999). The history of North American small gas turbine aircraft engines. Reston, VA: National Air and Space Museum and American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA). pp. 632–661. ISBN 1-56347-332-1. OCLC 247550535.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
• McClellan, J. Mac (July 1983). "Turboprop progress: Garrett stakes its fortune on engines that offer reliability with minimum maintenance". Flying. Vol. 110, no. 7. pp. 31–32. ISSN 0015-4806.
• Frignac, J-P.; Privoznik, E. J. (March 12–15, 1979). The growth and evolution of the TPE331. Gas Turbine Conference & Exhibit & Solar Energy Conference. doi:10.1115/79-GT-164. ISBN 978-0-7918-7968-9. OCLC 8518974705.

External links

• TPE 331 Cost Protection Programs
• TPE 331 Engine Conversions
• Power and fuel flow versus altitude and speed, for version 10. (Archive)