Gagea genus of spring flowers in the lily family .[2] Eurasia with a few species extending into North Africa and one species (Gagea serotina North America .[1] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]
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Flowers of Gagea lutea Gagea minima The genus is named after the English naturalist Sir Thomas Gage (1781–1820). They were originally described as species of Ornithogalum English name yellow star-of-Bethlehem for the common European species, Gagea lutea [8] [1]
As of January 2014 [ update] World Checklist of Selected Plant Families recognizes over 200 species, including those previously assigned to Lloydia .[9]
Gagea afghanica A.Terracc. – Iran, Afghanistan, Central AsiaGagea aipetriensis Levichev – CrimeaGagea alashanica Y.Z.Zhao & L.Q.Zhao – Inner MongoliaGagea alberti Regel – Xinjiang, Kazakhstan, KyrgyzstanGagea alexeenkoana Miscz. – Turkey, Iran, CaucasusGagea alexejana Kamelin ex Levichev – TajikistanGagea alexii Ali & Levichev – Tajikistan, Iran, PakistanGagea algeriensis (Chabert) Chabert ex Batt. – Spain, Morocco, AlgeriaGagea alii Levichev – PakistanGagea altaica Schischk. & Sumnev. – Xinjiang, Kazakhstan, SiberiaGagea amblyopetala Boiss. & Heldr. – southeastern EuropeGagea ancestralis Levichev – Altay KraiGagea angelae Levichev & Schnittler – XinjiangGagea angrenica Levichev – TajikistanGagea anisopoda Popov – TurkmenistanGagea artemczukii Krasnova – Ukraine, Russia (incl Crimea, North Caucasus)Gagea azutavica Kotukhov – Altay KraiGagea baluchistanica Levichev & Ali – PakistanGagea baschkyzylsaica Levichev – Kyrgyzstan, UzbekistanGagea bashoensis Ali – Pakistan, KashmirGagea bergii Litv. – Iran, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, KazakhstanGagea bezengiensis Levichev – North CaucasusGagea bithynica Pascher – TurkeyGagea bohemica (Zauschn.) Schult. & Schult.f. (syn. G. fistulosa ) – Early star-of-Bethlehem, Radnor lily – Europe, MediterraneanGagea bornmuelleriana Pascher – IranGagea bowes-lyonii Levichev – Pakistan, KashmirGagea brevistolonifera Levichev – KyrgyzstanGagea bulbifera (Pall.) Salisb. – Eurasia from Romania to XinjiangGagea caelestis Levichev – KyrgyzstanGagea calantha Levichev – UzbekistanGagea calcicola Zarrei & Wilkin – IranGagea calyptrifolia Levichev – KyrgyzstanGagea capillifolia Vved. – Iran, Afghanistan, Central AsiaGagea capusii A.Terracc. – Afghanistan, Central AsiaGagea caroli-kochii Grossh. – Iran, South CaucasusGagea chabertii A.Terracc. – Algeria, TunisiaGagea chanae Grossh. – Iran, Turkey, CaucasusGagea charadzeae Davlian. – CaucasusGagea chinensis Y.Z.Zhao & L.Q.Zhao – Inner MongoliaGagea chitralensis S.Dasgupta & D.B.Deb – Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, PakistanGagea chlorantha (M.Bieb.) Schult. & Schult.f. – Middle East, Turkmenistan, CaucasusGagea chloroneura Rech.f. – AfghanistanGagea chomutovae (Pascher) Pascher – Turkey, Caucasus, Iran, Afghanistan, Central AsiaGagea chrysantha (Jan) Schult. & Schult.f. – Italy incl SicilyGagea circumplexa Vved. – Middle East, Central AsiaGagea commutata K.Koch – Caucasus, IranGagea confusa A.Terracc. – Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Caucasus, TurkmenistanGagea cuneata Levichev & Murtaz. – North CaucasusGagea czatkalica Levichev – UzbekistanGagea daghestanica Levichev & Murtaz. – North CaucasusGagea daqingshanensis L.Q.Zhao & Jie Yang – Inner MongoliaGagea davlianidzeae Levichev KyrgyzstanGagea dayana Chodat & Beauverd – Middle EastGagea delicatula Vved. – Uzbekistan, TajikistanGagea deserticola Levichev – UzbekistanGagea divaricata Regel – Xinjiang, Central AsiaGagea drummondii Levichev & Ali – Pakistan, KashmirGagea dschungarica Regel – Xinjiang, Central Asia, Pakistan, Afghanistan, IranGagea dubia A.Terracc. – Mediterranean, IranGagea durieui Parl. ex Trab. – Morocco, Algeria, Spain incl Balearic IslandsGagea eleonorae Levichev – Turkey, CaucasusGagea elliptica (A.Terracc.) Prain – Spain, Portugal, MoroccoGagea exilis Vved. – Iran, Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, TajikistanGagea extremadurensis M.Gut. & F.M.Vázquez – SpainGagea fedtschenkoana Pascher – Mongolia, Xinjiang, Kazakhstan, SiberiaGagea ferganica Levichev – Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, UzbekistanGagea fibrosa (Desf.) Schult. & Schult.f. – North AfricaGagea filiformis (Ledeb.) Kar. & Kir. – Altay Krai, Central Asia, Xinjiang, Mongolia, Afghanistan, PakistanGagea flavonutans (H.Hara) Zarrei & Wilkin – Tibet, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, AssamGagea foliosa (C.Presl) Schult. & Schult.f. – France, Italy, AlgeriaGagea gageoides (Zucc.) Vved. – Caucasus, Middle East, Central AsiaGagea germainae Grossh. – CaucasusGagea glacialis K.Koch – Caucasus, TurkeyGagea glaucescens Levichev – KyrgyzstanGagea goljakovii Levichev – Altay KraiGagea gracillima Pamp. – KashmirGagea graeca (L.) Irmsch. – Greece, Turkey, Cyprus, IsraelGagea graminifolia Vved. – Iran, Afghanistan, Central AsiaGagea granatellii (Parl.) Parl. – Mediterranean, Black Sea regionsGagea granulosa Turcz. – Russia, Kazakhstan, Xinjiang, MongoliaGagea grey-wilsonii Rech.f. – IranGagea gymnopoda Vved. – Tajikistan, UzbekistanGagea gypsacea Levichev – TajikistanGagea helenae Grossh. – Turkey, CaucasusGagea hiensis Pascher – Russia, China, Korea, MongoliaGagea hissarica Lipsky – Afghanistan, Central AsiaGagea humicola Levichev – UzbekistanGagea huochengensis Levichev – XinjiangGagea ignota Levichev – UzbekistanGagea incrustata Vved. – Uzbekistan, TajikistanGagea intercedens Pascher – IranGagea iranica Zarrei & Zarre – IranGagea jaeschkei Pascher – Xinjiang, Central Asia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Western HimalayasGagea japonica Pascher – JapanGagea jensii Levichev & Schnittler – XinjiangGagea jispensis Ali & Levichev – Western HimalayasGagea joannis Grossh. – Turkey, CaucasusGagea juliae Pascher – Turkey, CyprusGagea kamelinii Levichev – UzbekistanGagea kneissea J.Thiébaut – SyriaGagea kopetdagensis Vved. – TurkmenistanGagea kunawurensis (Royle) Greuter – central + southwest AsiaGagea kuraiensis Levichev – Altay KraiGagea kuraminica Levichev – TajikiistanGagea lacaitae A.Terracc. – France, Spain, Italy, Algeria, MoroccoGagea leosii Ali & Levichev – Western HimalayasGagea libanotica (Hochst.) Greuter. – Syria, Lebanon, IsraelGagea liotardii (Sternb.) Schult. & Schult.f. – Eurasia from Spain to MongoliaGagea lojaconoi Peruzzi – Sicily, Sardinia, TurkeyGagea longiscapa Grossh. – Siberia, PrinoryeGagea ludmilae Levichev – UzbekistanGagea lusitanica A.Terracc. – Spain, PortugalGagea lutea (L.) Ker Gawl. – Yellow Star-of-Bethlehem – Eurasia from Spain to JapanGagea luteoides Stapf – Caucasus, Middle EastGagea maeotica Artemczuk – Ukraine, Russia incl North CaucasusGagea marchica Henker – GermanyGagea mauritanica Durieu – France, Italy, Balearic Islands, AlgeriaGagea menitskyi Levichev – Iran, South CaucasusGagea mergalahensis Ali & Levichev – Western Himalayas, PakistanGagea michaelis Golosk. – Kazakhstan, KyrgyzstanGagea micrantha (Boiss.) Pascher – Lebanon, SyriaGagea minima (L.) Ker Gawl. – Europe, CaucasusGagea minutiflora Regel – Central AsiaGagea minutissima Vved. – TajikiistanGagea multipedunculifera Levichev – KyrgyzstanGagea nabievii Levichev – UzbekistanGagea nakaiana Kitag. – eastern + central Asia, HimalayasGagea neopopovii Golosk. – Kazakhstan, XinjiangGagea nevadensis Boiss. – Spain, MoroccoGagea noltiei Peruzzi. syn Lloydia delicatula – Nepal, Sikkim, BhutanGagea novoascanica Klokov – UkraineGagea olgae Regel – Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Central Asia, XinjiangGagea paedophila Vved. – Tajikiistan, AfghanistanGagea pakistanica Levichev & Ali – Western Himalayas, PakistanGagea paniculata Levichev – UzbekistanGagea pauciflora (Turcz. ex Trautv.) Ledeb. – Asiatic Russia, China, MongoliaGagea pedata Levichev – KyrgyzstanGagea peduncularis (C.Presl) Pascher – MediterraneanGagea podolica Schult. & Schult.f. – Russia, UkraineGagea polymorpha Boiss. – SpainGagea popovii Vved. – Central AsiaGagea praemixta Vved. – UzbekistanGagea pratensis (Pers.) Dumort. – Meadow gagea – Europe, Morocco, TurkeyGagea pseudominutiflora Levichev – Kazakhstan, KyrgyzstanGagea punjabica Levichev & Ali – Western Himalayas, PakistanGagea pusilla (F.W.Schmidt) Sweet – Europe, KazakhstanGagea quasitenuifolia Levichev – Caucasus, Iran, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, UzbekistanGagea quettica Levichev & Ali – PakistanGagea ramulosa A.Terracc. – eastern Mediterranean, Black Sea regionGagea rawalpindica Levichev & Ali – PakistanGagea reinhardii Levichev – UzbekistanGagea reticulata (Pall.) Schult. & Schult.f. SE Europe, N Africa, SW AsiaGagea reverchonii Degen – SpainGagea rigida Boiss. & Spruner – Middle East, eastern MediterraneanGagea robusta Zarrei & Wilkin – Iran, AfghanistanGagea rubicunda Meinsh. – Russia, Baltic RepublicsGagea rubinae Ali – PakistanGagea rufidula Levichev – KyrgyzstanGagea rupicola Levichev – UzbekistanGagea sarmentosa K.Koch – Caucasus, IranGagea sarysuensis Murz. – KazakhstanGagea schachimardanica Levichev – UzbekistanGagea schugnanica Levichev & Navruzsh. – TajikistanGagea scythica Artemczuk – Russia, UkraineGagea serotina (L.) Ker Gawl. – Arctic + Subarctic Eurasia + North AmericaGagea setifolia Baker – Caucasus, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Himalayas, Tajikistan, KazakhstanGagea shmakoviana Levichev – Altay KraiGagea sicula Lojac. – SicilyGagea siphonantha Rech.f. – AfghanistanGagea sivasica Hamzaoglu – TurkeyGagea soleirolii F.W.Schultz – Spain, France, Portugal, SardiniaGagea spathacea (Hayne) Salisb. – EuropeGagea spumosa Levichev – Pakistan, Tajikistan, KyrgyzstanGagea staintonii Rech.f. – Afghanistan, PakistanGagea stepposa L.Z.Shue – XinjiangGagea subtilis Vved. – Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, UzbekistanGagea subtrigona J.-M.Tison – Spain, MoroccoGagea sulfurea Miscz. – Turkey, CaucasusGagea tadshikistanica Levichev – TajikistanGagea takhtajanii Levichev – UzbekistanGagea talassica Levichev – KyrgyzstanGagea taschkentica Levichev – UzbekistanGagea taurica Steven – Crimea, North CaucasusGagea tenera Pascher – central + southwest Asia, Xinjiang, HimalayasGagea tenuissima Miscz. – Caucasus, TurkeyGagea tesquicola Krasnova – UkraineGagea tisoniana Peruzzi – ItalyGagea toktogulii Levichev – KyrgyzstanGagea toppinii S.Dasgupta & D.B.Deb – PakistanGagea transversalis (Pall.) Steven – eastern EuropeGagea triflora (Ledeb.) Schult. & Schult.f. – Russian Far East, Korea, Japan, northeastern ChinaGagea trinervia (Viv.) Greuter – Sicily, LibyaGagea turanica Levichev – South Caucasus, Iran, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, UzbekistanGagea ucrainica Klokov – Ukraine, Russia, Xinjiang, MongoliaGagea ugamica Pavlov – KazakhstanGagea ulazsaica Levichev – Kazakhstan, UzbekistanGagea uliginosa Siehe & Pascher – Iran, Iraq, TurkeyGagea utriculosa Levichev – Himachal PradeshGagea vaginata Pascher – Kuril Islands, HokkaidoGagea vegeta Vved. – Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Iran, CaucasusGagea villosa (M.Bieb.) Sweet – Field Gagea – Europe, Mediterranean, Middle EastGagea villosula Vved. – TajikistanGagea vvedenskyi Grossh. – Central Asia, Afghanistan, PakistanGagea wallichii Levichev & Ali – Western HimalayaGagea wendelboi Rech.f. – IranGagea xiphoidea Levichev – Altay Krai
Salisbury, Richard Anthony. 1806" Annals of Botany 2: 555
Tison, J.M. (2009). An update of the genus Gagea Salisb. (Liliaceae) in the Iberian peninsula. Lagascalia 29: 7-22
Tutin, T.G.; Heywood, V.H.; Burges, N.A.; Moore, D.M.; Valentine, D.H.; Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A., eds. (1980). Flora Europaea . Vol. 5. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-20108-7 p. 25.
Peterson, Angela; Levichev, Igor G.; Peterson, Jens (February 2008). "Systematics of Gagea and Lloydia (Liliaceae) and infrageneric classification of Gagea based on molecular and morphological data". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution . 46 (2): 446–465. Bibcode :2008MolPE..46..446P . doi :10.1016/j.ympev.2007.11.016 . PMID 18180173 . Tison, Jean-Marc; Peterson, Angela; Harpke, Dörte; Peruzzi, Lorenzo (28 November 2012). "Reticulate evolution of the critical Mediterranean Gagea sect. Didymobulbos (Liliaceae) and its taxonomic implications". Plant Systematics and Evolution . 299 (2): 413–438. doi :10.1007/s00606-012-0731-4 . S2CID 24970202 .
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