Cutlassfish

"Hairtails" redirects here. For the butterflies with this name, see Anthene.

The cutlassfishes are about 45 species of predatory ray-finned fish in the family Trichiuridae of the order Scombriformes found in seas throughout the world. Fish of this family are long, slender, and generally steely blue or silver in colour, giving rise to their name. They have reduced or absent pelvic and caudal fins, giving them an eel-like appearance, and large fang-like teeth.^[1]

Cutlassfish Temporal range: Early Eocene–present PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Trichiurus lepturus
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Scombriformes
Suborder:	Scombroidei
Family:	Trichiuridae Rafinesque, 1810
Genera
Aphanopus Assurger Benthodesmus Demissolinea Eupleurogrammus Evoxymetopon Lepidopus Lepturacanthus Tentoriceps Trichiurus †Anenchelum †Eutrichiurides †Trichiurides See text for species.

Silver scabbardfish, Lepidopus caudatus

Benthodesmus simonyi

Aphanopus carbo

Some of the species are known as scabbardfishes or hairtails; others are called frostfishes because they appear in late autumn and early winter, around the time of the first frosts.

Classification

This list of species follows FishBase:^[2]

• Subfamily Aphanopidinae Gill, 1863
  • †Genus Anenchelum (Early Eocene to Late Miocene)^[3]
  • Genus Aphanopus
    • Aphanopus arigato Parin, 1994
    • Aphanopus beckeri Parin, 1994
    • Aphanopus capricornis Parin, 1994
    • Aphanopus carbo Lowe, 1839 (Black scabbardfish)
    • Aphanopus intermedius Parin, 1983 (Intermediate scabbardfish)
    • Aphanopus microphthalmus Norman, 1939 (Smalleye scabbardfish)
    • Aphanopus mikhailini Parin, 1983 (Mikhailin's scabbardfish)
  • Genus Benthodesmus Goode & Bean, 1882
    • Benthodesmus elongatus, Clarke, 1879 (Elongate frostfish)
    • Benthodesmus macrophthalmus, Parin & Becker, 1970 (Bigeye frostfish)
    • Benthodesmus neglectus, Parin, 1976 (Neglected frostfish)
    • Benthodesmus oligoradiatus, Parin & Becker, 1970 (Sparse-rayed frostfish)
    • Benthodesmus pacificus, Parin & Becker, 1970 (North Pacific frostfish)
    • Benthodesmus papua, Parin, 1978 (Papuan frostfish)
    • Benthodesmus simonyi, Steindachner, 1891 (Simony's frostfish)
    • Benthodesmus suluensis, Parin, 1976 (Philippine frostfish)
    • Benthodesmus tenuis, Günther, 1877 (Slender frostfish)
    • Benthodesmus tuckeri, Parin & Becker, 1970 (Tucker's frostfish)
    • Benthodesmus vityazi, Parin & Becker, 1970 (Vityaz' frostfish)
• Subfamily Lepidopodinae, Gill, 1863
  • Genus Assurger
    • Assurger anzac Alexander, 1917 (Razorback scabbardfish)
  • Genus Eupleurogrammus
    • Eupleurogrammus glossodon, (Bleeker, 1860) (Longtooth hairtail)
    • Eupleurogrammus muticus, (Gray, 1831) (Smallhead hairtail)
  • Genus Evoxymetopon
    • Evoxymetopon macrophthalmus Chakraborty, Yoshino & Iwatsuki, 2006^[4]
    • Evoxymetopon moricheni Fricke, Golani & Appelbaum-Golani, 2014^[5]
    • Evoxymetopon poeyi Günther, 1887 (Poey's scabbardfish)
    • Evoxymetopon taeniatus Gill, 1863 (Channel scabbardfish)
  • Genus Lepidopus
    • Lepidopus altifrons, Parin & Collette, 1993 (Crested scabbardfish)
    • Lepidopus calcar, Parin & Mikhailin, 1982 (Hawaiian ridge scabbardfish)
    • Lepidopus caudatus, (Euphrasen, 1788) (Silver scabbardfish)
    • Lepidopus dubius, Parin & Mikhailin, 1981 (Doubtful scabbardfish)
    • Lepidopus fitchi , Rosenblatt & Wilson, 1987 (Fitch's scabbardfish)
    • Lepidopus manis, Rosenblatt & Wilson, 1987 (Ghost scabbardfish)
• Subfamily Trichiurinae Rafinesque, 1810
  • Genus Demissolinea
    • Demissolinea novaeguineensis, Burhanuddin & Iwatsuki, 2003 (New Guinean hairtail)
  • Genus †Eutrichiurides (Eocene to Oligocene)^[6]
  • Genus Lepturacanthus
    • Lepturacanthus pantului, (Gupta, 1966) (Coromandel hairtail)
    • Lepturacanthus roelandti (Bleeker, 1860)
    • Lepturacanthus savala, (Cuvier, 1829) (Savalani hairtail)
  • Genus Tentoriceps
    • Tentoriceps cristatus, (Klunzinger, 1884) (Crested hairtail)
  • Genus †Trichiurides (Eocene)^[6]
  • Genus Trichiurus
    • Trichiurus auriga, Klunzinger, 1884 (Pearly hairtail)
    • Trichiurus australis Chakraborty, Burhanuddin & Iwatsuki, 2005^[7]
    • Trichiurus brevis, Wang & You, 1992 (Chinese short-tailed hairtail)
    • Trichiurus gangeticus, Gupta, 1966 (Ganges hairtail)
    • Trichiurus lepturus, Linnaeus, 1758 (Largehead hairtail)
    • Trichiurus margarites, Li, 1992
    • Trichiurus nanhaiensis, Wang & Xu, 1992
    • Trichiurus nickolensis, Burhanuddin & Iwatsuki, 2003 (Australian short-tailed hairtail)
    • Trichiurus russelli, Dutt & Thankam, 1966 (Short-tailed hairtail)

Timeline of genera

References

1. Johnson, G.D.; Gill, A.C. (1998). Paxton, J.R.; Eschmeyer, W.N. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Fishes. San Diego: Academic Press. p. 190. ISBN 0-12-547665-5.
2. Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Family Trichiuridae". FishBase. January 2006 version.
3. Bannikov, A. F.; Parin, N. V. (1995). "Description of a New Species of Scabbardlish (Aphanopinae: Trichiuridae) from the Middle Eocene of the Northern Caucasus, with Restoration of the Validity of the Fossil Genus Anenchelum" (PDF). Journal of lchthyology. 35 (9).
4. Chakraborty, Yoshino & Iwatsuki (2006). "A new species of scabbardfish, Evoxymetopon macrophthalmus (Scombroidei: Trichiuridae), from Okinawa, Japan". Ichthyological Research. 53 (2): 137–142. doi:10.1007/s10228-005-0319-x.
5. Fricke, R., Golani, D. & Appelbaum-Golani, B. (2014): Evoxymetopon moricheni, a new cutlassfish from the northern Red Sea (Teleostei: Trichiuridae). Ichthyological Research 61 (3): 293–297.
6. "PBDB Taxon". paleobiodb.org. Retrieved 2024-12-10.
7. Anirban Chakraborty; Andi Iqbal Burhanuddin; Yukio Iwatsuki (2005). "A new species, Trichiurus australis (Scombriformes: Trichiuridae), from Australia". Ichthyological Research. 52 (2): 165–170. doi:10.1007/s10228-005-0268-4.

• Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". Bulletins of American Paleontology. 364: 560. Archived from the original on 2011-07-23. Retrieved 2011-05-19.

External links

• Listing of Trichiuridae in English and Japanese 2003-10-27