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Submarine of the French Navy From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Turquoise was one of six Émeraude-class submarines built for the French Navy (Marine Nationale) in the first decade of the 20th century.
A French postcard of Turquoise on the surface, 3 April 1913 | |
| History | |
|---|---|
 France | |
| Name | Turquoise |
| Namesake | Turquoise |
| Builder | Arsenal de Toulon |
| Laid down | October 1903 |
| Launched | 3 August 1908 |
| Completed | 10 December 1910 |
| Identification | Pennant number: Q46 |
| Captured | Salvaged by the Ottoman Navy, 3 November 1915 |
| Fate | Direct hit piercing periscope prevent evasion and diving eventually captured, 30 October 1915 |
 Ottoman Empire | |
| Name | Müstecip Onbaşı |
| Acquired | 3 November 1915 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | Émeraude-class submarine |
| Displacement |
|
| Length | 44.9 m (147 ft 4 in) (o/a) |
| Beam | 3.9 m (12 ft 10 in) |
| Draft | 3.77 m (12 ft 4 in) |
| Installed power |
|
| Propulsion | 2 × shafts; 2 × diesels; 2 × electric motors |
| Speed |
|
| Range |
|
| Test depth | 40 m (130 ft) |
| Complement | 2 officers and 23 crewmen |
| Armament | 4 × 450 mm (17.7 in) torpedo tubes (2 × bow, 2 × stern) |
The Émeraude class were built as part of the French Navy's 1903 building program to a Maugas single-hull design.[1] The submarines displaced 395 metric tons (389 long tons) surfaced and 427 metric tons (420 long tons) submerged. They had an overall length of 44.9 meters (147 ft 4 in), a beam of 3.9 meters (12 ft 10 in), and a draft of 3.8 meters (12 ft 6 in). They had an operational diving depth of 40 meters (130 ft). Their crew numbered 2 officers and 23 enlisted men.[2]
For surface running, the boats were powered by two Sautter-Harlé 300-metric-horsepower (296 bhp; 221 kW) diesel engines, each driving one propeller shaft. When submerged each propeller was driven by a 300-metric-horsepower electric motor. They could reach a maximum speed of 11.26 knots (20.85 km/h; 12.96 mph) on the surface and 8.5 knots (15.7 km/h; 9.8 mph) underwater. The Émeraude class had a surface endurance of 2,000 nautical miles (3,700 km; 2,300 mi) at 7.3 knots (13.5 km/h; 8.4 mph) and a submerged endurance of 100 nmi (190 km; 120 mi) at 5 knots (9.3 km/h; 5.8 mph).[3]
The boats were armed with four internal 450-millimeter (17.7 in) torpedo tubes, two in the bow and two in the stern, for which they carried six torpedoes.[4] Turquoise and her sister Topaze were the first French submarines to be equipped with a deck gun when they were fitted with a single 37-millimeter (1.5 in) gun in August 1915.[1]
Turquoise was laid down in October 1903[5] at the Arsenal de Toulon, launched on 3 August 1908 and commissioned on 10 December 1910.[6]
During World War I, Turquoise was received a direct hit to her periscope in the Dardanelles off Nagara Point, Ottoman Empire, on 30 October 1915 by an artillery corporal named Müstecip while traveling on the surface. {The crew surrendered) She was repaired by Ottoman forces on 3 November 1915 and taken into the Ottoman Navy as Müstecip Onbaşı,[7] and returned in 1918.
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