Fort Defiance (Tennessee)

Fort Defiance (formerly also known as Fort Sevier and Fort Bruce)^[1] was a fort built during the American Civil War at Clarksville, Tennessee, on the Cumberland River. It changed hands several times during the war, and is now preserved by the city administration.

Construction and Union takeover

In November 1861, Confederate troops began to build a defensive fort that would control the river approach to Clarksville. They mounted three guns in the fort. On February 19, 1862, Union gunboats came up the river from Fort Donelson and reported the fort displayed a white flag and was deserted.^[2] The Union took over the fort and enlarged it so that it would control traffic on the Hopkinsville (Kentucky) Pike. Clarksville was left with a small garrison of Union troops. In April 1862, this small garrison was made up of the 71st Ohio Volunteers commanded by Col. Rodney Mason.^[3]

1862 combat

During July and August 1862, there was an increase in guerrilla activity around Clarksville. On August 18, 1862, Clarksville was recaptured by Confederate Cavalry. Col. Mason was cashiered for surrendering Clarksville so easily, although this penalty was later revoked.^[4] Union soldiers were sent from Fort Donelson to retake Clarksville in September 1862.^[5] Skirmishes were fought at New Providence on September 6, 1862 and at Riggins Hill on September 7, 1862. The town and fort were reoccupied by Federal troops who remained for the rest of the war. Col. Bruce was placed in command at Clarksville and Fort Defiance was renamed Fort Bruce.^[1]

Present-day monument

The four-acre Fort Defiance park features earthen fort and walking trails. It is located at 120 A Street, Clarksville, Tennessee.^[6] The city of Clarksville dedicated a new $2 million Fort Defiance Interpretive Center in 2011 in time for the 150th anniversary of the start of the American Civil War in 2011. The Fort has been owned by the City of Clarksville since the mid-1980s, when it was donated to the city by retired Judge Sam Boaz who had owned and preserved the site for some time.^[7]

See also

• American Civil War portal
• United States portal

• List of international forts
• History of Tennessee
• List of archaeological sites in Tennessee
• Tennessee in the American Civil War

References

1. Nannie Haskins Williams (2014). The Diary of Nannie Haskins Williams: A Southern Woman's Story of Rebellion and Reconstruction, 1863–1890. Univ. of Tennessee Press. p. 205. ISBN 978-1-62190-038-2.
2. John C. Fredriksen (2007). Civil War Almanac. Infobase Publishing. p. 112. ISBN 978-1-4381-0803-2.
3. "Ft. Defiance Clarksville". Ft. Defiance Clarksville. 2012-04-18. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
4. Richard F. Miller (July 2015). States at War, Volume 5: A Reference Guide for Ohio in the Civil War. University Press of New England. p. 342. ISBN 978-1-61168-689-0.
5. Tennessee Historical Quarterly. Tennessee Historical Commission and the Tennessee Historical Society. 2002. p. 96.
6. "Fort Defiance/Sevier Station - Tennessee Vacation". Tnvacation.com. Archived from the original on 2012-06-05. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
7. The Leaf Chronicle, "Fort Site Links Us To Past", pp A5, July 6, 2010

36.5406°N 87.3725°W / 36.5406; -87.3725