Fluralaner

Fluralaner, (INN)^[12] sold under the brand name Bravecto among others, is a systemic insecticide and acaricide that is administered orally^[13] or topically.^[14]

Fluralaner

Clinical data
Pronunciation	/ˌflʊərəˈlænər/ FLOOR-ə-LAN-ər
Trade names	Bravecto, Exzolt
Other names	A1443, AH252723 4-[(5RS)-5-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-N-[2-oxo-2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylamino)ethyl]-o-toluamide
License data	US DailyMed: Fluralaner
Routes of administration	By mouth
ATCvet code	QP53BE02 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S5 (Caution) CA: ℞-only US: ℞-only[1][2][3][4] EU: Rx-only[5][6][7][8] RU: Rx-only; OTC[9]
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	20–27%;[9] reduced in the fasted state[10]
Elimination half-life	9.3–16.2 days[11]
Identifiers
IUPAC name (±)-4-[5-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-yl]-2-methyl-N-[2-oxo-2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylamino)ethyl]benzamide
CAS Number	864731-61-3
PubChem CID	25144319
ChemSpider	29398949
UNII	WSH8393RM5
KEGG	D10402
ChEMBL	ChEMBL2364610
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID90235581
ECHA InfoCard	100.215.812
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C22H17Cl2F6N3O3
Molar mass	556.29 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
Chirality	Racemic mixture
SMILES Cc1cc(ccc1C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(F)(F)F)C2=NOC(C2)(c3cc(cc(c3)Cl)Cl)C(F)(F)F
InChI InChI=1S/C22H17Cl2F6N3O3/c1-11-4-12(2-3-16(11)19(35)31-9-18(34)32-10-21(25,26)27)17-8-20(36-33-17,22(28,29)30)13-5-14(23)7-15(24)6-13/h2-7H,8-10H2,1H3,(H,31,35)(H,32,34) Key:MLBZKOGAMRTSKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Mode of action

Fluralaner inhibits γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-gated chloride channels (GABA_A receptors) and L-glutamate-gated chloride channels (GluCls).^[15] Potency of fluralaner is comparable to fipronil (a related GABA-antagonist insecticide and acaricide).^[16]

Society and culture

Legal status

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved it for flea treatment in dogs in May 2014,^[17] and approved the combination fluralaner/moxidectin (Bravecto Plus) as a topical treatment for cats in November 2019.^{[18][19][20][21]} The EU approved fluralaner in March 2014.^[5][6][22] Australia approved it for the treatment and prevention of ticks and fleas on dogs in January 2015.^[23] For treating mites in chickens, a solution for use in drinking water is available under the brand name Exzolt^[24] and was approved for use in the EU in 2017.^[25]

Bravecto 1-Month was approved by the FDA in November 2024 for the addition of the indication for the treatment and control of Haemaphysalis longicornis (Asian longhorned tick) infestations for one month in dogs and puppies eight weeks of age and older, and weighing 4.4 pounds (2.0 kg) or greater.^[26][27]

Research

Fluralaner is being investigated to determine its ability to reduce the incidence of mosquito-borne diseases,^[28] as well as bed bugs.^[29][30]