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American journalist (1887–1939) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Floyd Phillips Gibbons (July 16, 1887 – September 23, 1939) was the war correspondent for the Chicago Tribune during World War I. One of radio's first news reporters and commentators, he was famous for a fast-talking delivery style. Floyd Gibbons lived a life of danger of which he often wrote and spoke.
Floyd Gibbons | |
|---|---|
Gibbons is given a "home town" welcome at Minneapolis, Minnesota on October 5, 1918. To the right of the photo is his sister Zelda. | |
| Born | Floyd Phillips Gibbons July 16, 1887 Washington, D.C., U.S. |
| Died | September 23, 1939 (aged 52) |
| Resting place | Mount Olivet Cemetery Washington, D.C., U.S. |
| Occupations |
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| Awards | Croix de Guerre with palm |
Floyd Phillips Gibbons[1] was born on July 16, 1887, in Washington, D.C.[2][3] Gibbons moved with his family to Des Moines, Iowa and lived there from 1900 to 1903. He attended schools in Iowa and Minneapolis.[4][5] His father owned a trading stamp business for merchants in Iowa.[5] Gibbons attended Gonzaga College High School, and later studied law at Georgetown University, from which he was expelled.[3][4][citation needed]
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Gibbons was known by his contemporaries as "Gib".[6] He married a woman from Minneapolis and they were later divorced.[6]
Gibbons began as a police reporter on the Minneapolis Daily News in 1907, but was fired.[4][6] He also worked for the Milwaukee Free Press and the Minneapolis Tribune.[4] While working for the Tribune in 1910, he was arrested for cutting a telegraph line in Winter, Wisconsin to prevent other newspapers from reporting a story first.[7] He moved to the Chicago Tribune in 1912.[2] He became well known for covering the Pancho Villa Expedition in 1916.[2] He became a London correspondent for the Chicago Tribune in 1917 and reported on the 1917 torpedoing of the British ship RMS Laconia, on which he was a passenger.[2][3]
The Chicago Tribune appreciated his keen eye for detail, and vivid splashy style. It sent him to England to cover World War I. As a correspondent at the Battle of Belleau Wood, France. Gibbons accompanied the Fifth Marines where his account of the battle that he submitted violated wartime censorship by mentioning that he was serving with the U.S. Marine Corps. Gibbons' colourful prose added to the reputation of the Marines.[8] Gibbons lost an eye after being hit by German gunfire at Château-Thierry in June 1918 while attempting to rescue an American marine. Always afterwards he wore a distinctive white patch on his left eye. He was given France's greatest honor, the Croix de Guerre with palm, for his valor on the field of battle.[2][citation needed]
In 1918-1927 he was the chief of the Chicago Tribune's foreign service, and director of the paper's European office.[3] He gained fame for his coverage of wars and famines in Poland, Russia and Morocco. He was fired in 1926, started to write novels, and became a radio commentator for NBC. He narrated newsreels, for which he received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Gibbons narrated the 1930 documentary With Byrd at the South Pole and narrated a series of Vitaphone short subjects from 1937 to 1939 as well as writing several of them.[9] He narrated Vitaphone's "Your True Adventures" series of short films, which began as a radio program in which Gibbons paid twenty-five dollars for the best story submitted by a listener.[10][11]
In 1929, he had his own half-hour radio program heard Wednesday nights on the NBC Red Network at 10:30. Competition from Paul Whiteman's show on CBS Radio, however, brought Gibbons' show to an end by March 1930.
In 1927 he wrote a biography of the Manfred von Richthofen (the Red Baron) titled The Red Knight of Germany.
He also wrote the speculative fiction world-war novel The Red Napoleon in 1929.[12]: 61 The Red Napoleon was the first invasion novel to combine fears of yellow peril with fears of communism.[12]: 61 The novel's focus on the sexual qualities of its villain was unusual for "yellow peril" stories of the period, which tended to portray their non-white villains as asexual or unappealing.[12]: 62–63 Gibbons describes his villain as taking a series of white female lovers and encouraging his non-white soldiers to do the same.[12]: 62–63 Gibbons emphasizes the voluntary nature of these couplings, which he portrays as making them more repellant.[12]: 63
When Gibbons suggested that Frank Buck write about Buck's animal collecting adventures, Buck collaborated with Edward Anthony on Bring 'Em Back Alive which became a bestseller in 1930.
Gibbons was planning to start covering World War II in Europe before his death.[4] He died of a heart attack on September 24, 1939, at his "Cherry Valley" farm in Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania.[2][3] He was buried at Mount Olivet Cemetery in Washington, D.C.[13]
In "The Floyd Gibbons Story", a 1962 episode of The Untouchables, Gibbons was portrayed by Scott Brady.
These were all produced by Warner Brothers, filmed at the Vitaphone studio in New York with Joseph Henabery directing. Each recreates a “heart stopping” event with actors and often presenting the real person behind the story in the final scene, introduced by Gibbons himself.
Earlier, he hosted two other short films titled The Great Decision (about Woodrow Wilson) (released August 27, 1931) and Turn Of The Tide (September 14). These were part of a projected 13-part series dubbed "Supreme Thrills" covering World War I, produced by Amadee J. Van Beuren for RKO Pictures and Pathé Exchange. However, only two were put in active release.[14][15]
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