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American power utility company From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Florida Power & Light Company (FPL), the principal subsidiary of NextEra Energy Inc. (formerly FPL Group, Inc.), is the largest power utility in Florida.[2] It is a Juno Beach, Florida-based power utility company serving roughly 5 million customers and 11 million people in Florida.[3]: 5 It is a rate-regulated electric utility that generates, transmits, distributes and sells electric energy. In 2020, the company was ranked as the nation's most reliable electric power utility for the fifth time in six years.[4]
 | |
| Company type | Subsidiary |
|---|---|
| Industry | Electric power |
| Founded | December 28, 1925 |
| Headquarters | 700 Universe Boulevard, , U.S. |
Number of locations | 98 (2022) |
Area served | Florida |
Key people | Armando Pimentel Jr. (president, CEO) |
| Services | |
| Revenue |  $18.37 billion (2023) |
| $6.59 billion (2023) | |
| $4.55 billion (2023) | |
| Total assets |  $4.99 billion (2023) |
| Total equity | $38.84 billion (2023) |
Number of employees | 9,500 (2023) |
| Parent | NextEra Energy |
| Website | fpl |
| Footnotes / references [1] | |
In January 2021, Gulf Power Company was merged into FPL, extending the combined service territory into northwest Florida. Gulf Power operated as a separate division within FPL through 2021.[5]
Early power stations in Florida were primarily used to manufacture ice and sell excess power during off-hours from manufacturing. By the 1920s, demand for power had grown sufficiently that the excess power produced by the ice plants no longer met the need. During 1924–1925, American Power & Light (APL) purchased power stations in Florida and connected them to provide more consistent power in the network. In December 1925, APL spun off its Florida properties into a new subsidiary, FPL, to replace the Miami Beach Electric Company. The following year, a hurricane hit Miami, damaging much of the electrical infrastructure. APL paid to repair the damage and build two new power stations. By early 1927, FPL had 115,000 customers.[6][7][8]
The company continued to expand its customer base and generating power, and in 1950 became independently listed on the New York Stock Exchange.[9] Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, FPL built new power stations, including Florida's first nuclear power plant at Turkey Point, which began operation in October 1972.[10] The company launched the Watt-Wise home energy audit program in 1978, designed to improve energy efficiency and reduce energy demand during peak demand.[11]
In 1984, FPL created the holding company FPL Group for acquisitions and the creation of companies.[9] FPL became the first non-Japanese company to win the Deming Prize for quality in 1989.[12]
In 1990, FPL Group began expanding its reach beyond Florida, purchasing a majority stake in a Georgia Power generation facility that year. Over the course of the next two decades, FPL expanded into the southern and eastern United States, creating a new holding group in 1998, FPL Energy, to manage the company's efforts in electricity markets outside of FPL's service area. It acquired a controlling stake in New Hampshire's Seabrook Station Nuclear Power Plant in 2002 and acquired Texas-based Gexa Energy in 2005. The company also launched the telecommunications subsidiary FPL FiberNet during this time. FPL's customer base reached 4 million in 2002.[9]
During the early 2000s, FPL began modernizing its power generation infrastructure, resulting in reduced emissions of flue gas, fuel costs, and oil usage; by 2013, the company was using fewer than 1 million barrels of oil annually.[13] In 2007, the company was the largest utility in Florida. That year, the Florida Public Service Commission rejected an FPL proposal to build a coal-fired power station near Moore Haven, Florida.[14]
At the end of the 2000s, FPL Group and FPL Energy rebranded and were renamed NextEra Energy and NextEra Energy Resources, respectively.[9]
In 2009, the company started installing smart meters, which communicate with FPL via radio transmissions and provide alerts for outages.[15] The same year, environmental activists camped near the Barley Barber Swamp in protest of the closure of the swamp to public access. The activists claimed FPL was draining the area; the company denied the allegations and said it was working with state and local officials to reopen the area to the public. Seventeen protesters were arrested for trespassing and resisting arrest during the demonstration.[16]
In 2011, FPL fazed an old power station in Cape Canaveral, Florida, the outflow from which warmed the surrounding waters. Manatee migration patterns have been disrupted by power station outflows along the Florida coast and they are attracted to these outflow areas, including those from the Cape Canaveral plant.[17] Following the plant's destruction, FPL spent US$5 million to add pumps and heaters to the area to maintain the environment for the manatees while a new plant was built.[13][18] Similar replacement projects were undertaken at plants in Riviera Beach and Fort Lauderdale.[19] Following completion of the Riviera Beach project, FPL built the Manatee Education Center and observation area near the plant in 2016.[20]
FPL built the first hybrid solar plant in the world in 2011, which combined solar thermal collectors with combined cycle natural gas generation. The plant, located in Martin County, Florida, had a generation capacity of 75 megawatts.[21] It was decommissioned in 2023.[22] By 2013, FPL owned $34.8 billion in assets and operated 23 plants that generated 24,000 megawatts of electricity.[23] As of 2014, the company had installed 4.9 million smart meters.[15][verification needed]
In March 2015, FPL launched a Power Delivery Diagnostic Center which uses smart grid technology to manage the electric system in order to maintain reliable service.[24]
In 2016, the company had about 74,000 miles (119,000 km) of power lines in Florida.[25]
In January 2021 Gulf Power Company was legally merged into FPL, extending FPL's service territory into Northwest Florida. Gulf Power will operate as a separate division within FPL through 2021.[5] The two companies will be regulated as separate entities until the Florida Public Service Commission approves the consolidation of their tariffs.[3]: 5 In consequence, FPL would also assume Gulf Power's share of the Scherer plant,[26] as well as its share of the Daniel Generating Plant in Jackson County, Mississippi, which Gulf Power co-owned with its former sister company, Mississippi Power.
In July 2022, FPL started charging ratepayers a $25 minimum bill. Under a minimum bill, customers are required to pay a certain amount to their utility provider each month, even if they do not use any electricity.[27]
Fuel source generation by type as of July 5, 2021.[28]: 10
Natural gas is the main fuel used by Florida Power and Light Company (FPL) to generate energy, and accounts for 78 percent of the company's energy capacity mix. In 2020, eight percent of capacity was sourced from renewables, namely solar energy. FPL is the principal subsidiary of NextEra Energy. NextEra Energy and its other subsidiaries, particularly NextEra Energy Resources, have significantly different generation profiles.
An 800 MW dual fuel facility was built near Cape Canaveral in 1965 to supply power to the new Kennedy Space Center.[29] The original FPL Cape Canaveral power plant was demolished on August 22, 2010, to make way for the FPL Cape Canaveral Next Generation Energy Center.[29] The FPL Cape Canaveral Next Generation Energy Center in Sharpes, Florida was completed and opened in April 2013. The 1,200 MW combined-cycle natural gas-fired facility was 33 percent more efficient than the plant it replaced and produced half the carbon dioxide emissions, 90 percent less pollutants, and had a 50 percent greater capacity. The plant cost $900 million to complete, which was about $140 million under the projected budget.[29][30][31][32]
The FPL Port Everglades power plant, which began operation in 1960, was demolished on July 16, 2013, to make way for a new combined cycle facility.[29][33][34] The FPL Port Everglades Next Generation Clean Energy Center started construction in 2014 and opened in 2016 as a 1,250 MW facility.[35]
The FPL Riviera Beach power plant, commissioned in 1946, was demolished on June 19, 2011. Construction began in the first quarter of 2012 on the 1,250 MW Next Generation Energy Center by Zachry Holdings. The new plant has three 265 MW combustion engines and one 500 MW steam generator and began service in April 2014.[36][37]
The West County Energy Center began operating in 2009. Before it was built, activists claimed the power plant was a threat to the nearby wildlife refuge and the ecosystem of the Everglades. Because the plant uses large amounts of water to cool its turbines which can reach up to 1,100 °F (593 °C), activists also argued that millions of gallons of waste water will be deep-well injected below the Floridan aquifer daily, putting a strain on water supplies in South Florida if the power plant was completed. FPL responded stating that the plant reuses water up to six times in the plant. More than a dozen governmental agencies signed off on the plant which was approved by the governor and cabinet.[38]
Martin Next Generation Solar Energy Center is the first hybrid solar facility combining a solar thermal array with a combined cycle natural gas power plant in the world. The 74.5 MW plant began operation in December 2010.[39] The plant has 190,000 mirrors spread over 500 acres.[40]
The 25 MW DeSoto Next Generation Solar Energy Center was completed in October 2009. The plant has more than 90,000 photovoltaic panels over 235 acres. DeSoto was the largest solar plant in the country in 2010.[41][42]
In 1965, FPL announced the building of a $100 million nuclear power plant at Turkey Point.[43] The company announced in 2015 that it had started construction on an expansion to the Turkey Point nuclear facility. The expansion of Turkey Point Nuclear facility received criticism from some South Florida mayors over concerns about high water usage, insufficient evacuation zones and increased risks from rising sea levels. FPL responded that they were working to find a solution.[44]
FPL has two nuclear power plants including the St. Lucie Nuclear Power Plant in St. Lucie, Florida (Hutchinson Island) and Turkey Point Nuclear Generating Station. Combined, these two plants produce more than 3,000 megawatts of power.
Two power plants were completed in Martin County in 1994.[43]
In January 2015, FPL announced it would build three solar plants in order to triple its solar capacity as well as a natural-gas fired plant in Okeechobee County. The photovoltaic plants will produce approximately 74.5 MW each.[45] The FPL Citrus Solar Energy Center will be located in DeSoto County, FPL Babcock Ranch Solar Energy Center will be in Charlotte County, and FPL Manatee Solar Energy Center in Manatee County will be on the site of an existing fuel-efficient natural gas power plant that FPL operates.[46] FPL plans grid energy storage with 409 MW of power and 900 MWh of energy at the site.[47]
By 2018, 8 additional PV solar sites were in service at 75 MW each.
Surrounding the FPL operated Turkey Point Nuclear Power Plant is 168 miles of cooling water canals that attract American crocodiles, which nest in the canals. These canals are home to endangered loggerhead sea turtles, manatees, and crocodiles[48] that are tracked by the plants monitoring program. The sea turtle protection program has tagged over 12,000 sea turtles in 25 years. This program is one of the largest databases of wild captured sea turtles in the world. The College of Turtle Knowledge teaches the public about the study of turtles and how they are being protected.[49]
The cooling outflow of the Riviera Beach Clean Energy Center attracts manatees which seek warm waters.[50] In February 2015, construction began on the Florida Power and Light Manatee Education Center. It will include exhibits and meeting space, a boardwalk, and a manatee web cam.[51]
FPL began its program Solar for Schools in 2013 and has installed solar arrays at more than 100 schools and non-profit educational centers across Florida.[52] FPL started the SolarNow program, which installs community solar panels throughout Florida, in 2015. FPL customers can voluntarily contribute to the program.[53]
FPL has pushed against net metering and sought to impose minimum monthly payments, facility charges, and grid access fees for rooftop solar energy users. FPL argued that the net metering policy in its present form unfairly required customers who do not own rooftop solar panels to subsidize the energy usage of those who do own them, whereas FPL's opponents argued that utilities like FPL were simply trying to curtail the expansion of rooftop solar panels to maintain their monopoly on electricity markets.[54]
According to records obtained by the Miami Herald and Floodlight, in 2021 FPL lobbied for a bill against net metering, the policy allowing rooftop solar panel users to offset the cost of solar panels by selling excess power back to utilities like FPL. Internal emails indicated that on October 18 an FPL lobbyist sent the text of the bill to Florida state senator Jennifer Bradley, who on October 20 received a $10,000 donation from FPL's parent company to her political committee, and a month later filed the bill in the senate. Bradley denied that the filing of the bill was due to the donation.[54][55]
According to the Florida Center for Investigative Reporting, several of the top utility companies in Florida, including FPL, have contributed over $12 million towards the election campaigns of state lawmakers since 2010.[56] FPL contributed $2 million to promote 2016 Florida Amendment 1, which would have preserved the monopoly of utilities on rooftop solar in Florida.[57][58]
In 2021, records obtained by the Orlando Sentinel tied top FPL executives to the political consultants responsible for the "ghost" candidate scandal, promoting spoiler candidates in key races in order to siphon off votes from Democrats.[2]
Documents reviewed by the Orlando Sentinel and the Miami Herald revealed that FPL executives used consultants and shell companies to funnel money to the local news website The Capitolist in order to get pro-utility articles and negative coverage about their political enemies published.[59] An investigation by National Public Radio and Floodlight News found FPL did so through consulting firm Matrix LLC, which also supported positive coverage for itself and FPL-friendly governor Rick Scott in Florida Politics and the Sunshine State News.[60]
Matrix surveilled a Florida Times-Union columnist at home and on vacation in 2019 and 2020, after he wrote critically of FPL's attempts to influence the Jacksonville City Council to approve its acquitision of a local utility.[61] Through a shell company, FPL offered one Jacksonville City Council member a $250,000 a year job promoting his pet issue of marijuana decriminalization on the condition he resign his council seat.[62]
FPL created a proposal to diversify its fuel sources by building a coal-burning power plant on 5,000 acres (20 km2) in Moore Haven, Florida, near the western edge of Lake Okeechobee. After the National Park Service raised concerns that it would emit toxic mercury into the lake and also harm the Everglades, the state Public Service Commission rejected the plan in 2007.[63][64][65]
FPL proposed a severe winter weather plan that critics have argued would create unnecessary costs for consumers, considering the unlikelihood of a severe winter freeze in Florida.[66]
FPL won the prestigious Deming Award for quality improvement in 1989, becoming the first non-Japanese company to do so.[67] As reported at the time by The South Florida Sun-Sentinel, FPL's quality improvement efforts were aimed at improving customer satisfaction.[68]
In 2014, FPL:
J.D. Power ranked FPL at the top position in customer satisfaction among energy utilities companies in 2016.[74][75] Additionally, FPL Group and NextEra Energy were rated as the most admired company amongst gas and electric utilities by Fortune Magazine for eight consecutive years.[76]
In 2020, FPL was ranked as the nation's most reliable electric power utility by PA Consulting, winning the ReliabilityOne award for the fifth time in six years.[77] Additionally, FPL was acknowledged as the "most trusted U.S. electric utilities by Esculent for the seventh consecutive year" and "ranked No.1 in Fortune's 2020 list of World's Most Admired Companies".[78]
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