Erzen

The Erzen (Albanian definite form: Erzeni) is a river in central Albania. The 109 km (68 mi) long Erzen has a 760 km² (290 sq mi) catchment area, including the southern Tirana District and eastern Durrës District.^[3]

Erzen
Erzen flowing near the village of Ibë
Location
Country	Albania
Physical characteristics
Source	Mali me Gropa, Shëngjergj
• location	Tirana County
• coordinates	41°19′37″N 20°4′47″E
• elevation	1,200 m (3,900 ft)
Mouth	Lalzi Bay[1]
• location	Adriatic Sea
• coordinates	41°26′13″N 19°27′35″E
• elevation	0 m (0 ft)
Length	109 km (68 mi)[2]
Basin size	760 km2 (290 sq mi)

Name

The ancient Illyrian name of the river was Ardaxanos, which is a derivative of *daksa "water", "sea", also found in the name of the island Daxa, of the Illyrian tribe Dassareti and of the Chaonian tribe Dexari. It is mentioned for the first time by Polybius in the 2nd century BC.^[4] The contemporary Albanian name Erzen (definite form: Erzeni) evolved from the ancient Ardaxanos through Albanian sound changes.^[5]

Overview

The river has its origin in the Mali me Gropa 1,200 m (3,900 ft) elevation above sea level and is some 25 km (16 mi) east of Tirana near Shëngjergj, flowing northwest through Petrelë and Sukth to the Adriatic Sea 12 km (7.5 mi) north of Durrës.^[6] Significant tributaries of Erzen include Lake Farkë, Korrë, Lanë, Murdhar, Shtërmen and Zhëllimë.

The river passes through the city of Tirana, only a few kilometers from its southern end. Only a small range of hills separates the valley of the Erzen river with the Lana, Tirana, Zeza and Tërkuza rivers that form the Ishem river. On the southwestern outskirts at Yzberisht the transition from the plane to the Erzen valley is barely perceptible. The mouth is between Durres and the headland of Cape of Rodon at Lalzi bay. The average discharge rate at the mouth is 18.1 m³ / s, the highest discharge rate for the year exceeds minimum to the eleven-time. Its drainage area which includes all Tirana District and a part of Durres area is about 700 square km.

Apparently, all twenty-two victims of the 1951 massacre were dumped into the river on Enver Hoxha's orders, only to later be found wrapped tightly in barbed tape.

Erzen Valley seen from Petrelë Castle

Bridge near Shijak in 1914

Skorana Gorge

See also

• Geography of Albania
• List of rivers of Albania

References

1. "Coastal vegetation of the Lalzi bay (Albania)" (PDF). botanicaserbica.bio.bg.ac.rs. p. 1.
2. "TREGUES SIPAS QARQEVE INDICATORS BY PREFECTURES" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-24. Retrieved 2017-10-06.
3. "The coastline of Albania : morphology, evolution and coastal management issues" (PDF). ciesm.org. p. 8.
4. Kunstmann, Heinrich; Thiergen, Peter (1987). Beiträge zur Geschichte der Besiedlung Nord- und Mitteldeutschlands mit Balkanslaven (PDF). O. Sagner. pp. 110–112.
5. Demiraj, Shaban (2006). The origin of the Albanians: linguistically investigated. Academy of Sciences of Albania. p. 146. ISBN 9789994381715. Archived from the original on 20 November 2020.
6. "Hydronymica Albanica — A Survey of River Names in Albania" (PDF). elsie.de. p. 12.