Ephrin A2

Ephrin-A2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EFNA2 gene.^[5]

EFNA2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2WO3
Identifiers
Aliases	EFNA2, ELF-1, EPLG6, HEK7-L, LERK-6, LERK6, ephrin A2
External IDs	OMIM: 602756; MGI: 102707; HomoloGene: 1075; GeneCards: EFNA2; OMA:EFNA2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 19 (human)[1] Band 19p13.3 Start 1,285,873 bp[1] End 1,301,431 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 10 (mouse)[2] Band 10 C1|10 39.72 cM Start 80,015,316 bp[2] End 80,025,844 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in mucosa of ileum mucosa of sigmoid colon buccal mucosa cell mucosa of transverse colon pancreatic ductal cell jejunal mucosa gonad duodenum right lobe of liver sural nerve Top expressed in internal carotid artery external carotid artery Rostral migratory stream abdominal wall gastrula limb bud Gonadal ridge fossa condyle ganglionic eminence More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function ephrin receptor binding protein binding Cellular component anchored component of membrane neuromuscular junction perikaryon membrane plasma membrane Biological process cell-cell signaling olfactory bulb development axon guidance osteoclast differentiation bone remodeling ephrin receptor signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 1943 13637 Ensembl ENSG00000099617 ENSMUSG00000003070 UniProt O43921 P52801 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001405 NM_007909 RefSeq (protein) NP_001396 NP_031935 Location (UCSC) Chr 19: 1.29 – 1.3 Mb Chr 10: 80.02 – 80.03 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

This gene encodes a member of the ephrin family. The protein is composed of a signal sequence, a receptor-binding region, a spacer region, and a hydrophobic region. The EPH and EPH-related receptors comprise the largest subfamily of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases and have been implicated in mediating developmental events, particularly in the nervous system. Based on their structures and sequence relationships, ephrins are divided into the ephrin-A (EFNA) class, which are anchored to the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage, and the ephrin-B (EFNB) class, which are transmembrane proteins. Posttranslational modifications determine whether this protein localizes to the nucleus or the cytoplasm.^[5]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000099617 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000003070 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. "Entrez Gene: EFNA2 ephrin-A2".

Further reading

• Flanagan JG, Vanderhaeghen P (1998). "The ephrins and Eph receptors in neural development". Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 21: 309–45. doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.21.1.309. PMID 9530499.
• Zhou R (1998). "The Eph family receptors and ligands". Pharmacol. Ther. 77 (3): 151–81. doi:10.1016/S0163-7258(97)00112-5. PMID 9576626.
• Holder N, Klein R (1999). "Eph receptors and ephrins: effectors of morphogenesis". Development. 126 (10): 2033–44. doi:10.1242/dev.126.10.2033. PMID 10207129.
• Wilkinson DG (2000). "Eph receptors and ephrins: regulators of guidance and assembly". Int. Rev. Cytol. International Review of Cytology. 196: 177–244. doi:10.1016/S0074-7696(00)96005-4. ISBN 978-0-12-364600-2. PMID 10730216.
• Xu Q, Mellitzer G, Wilkinson DG (2001). "Roles of Eph receptors and ephrins in segmental patterning". Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 355 (1399): 993–1002. doi:10.1098/rstb.2000.0635. PMC 1692797. PMID 11128993.
• Wilkinson DG (2001). "Multiple roles of EPH receptors and ephrins in neural development". Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2 (3): 155–64. doi:10.1038/35058515. PMID 11256076. S2CID 205014301.
• Gale NW, Holland SJ, Valenzuela DM, Flenniken A, Pan L, Ryan TE, Henkemeyer M, Strebhardt K, Hirai H (1996). "Eph receptors and ligands comprise two major specificity subclasses and are reciprocally compartmentalized during embryogenesis". Neuron. 17 (1): 9–19. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80276-7. PMID 8755474. S2CID 1075856.
• Ephnomenclaturecommittee (1997). "Unified nomenclature for Eph family receptors and their ligands, the ephrins. Eph Nomenclature Committee". Cell. 90 (3): 403–4. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80500-0. PMID 9267020. S2CID 26773768.
• Cerretti DP, Nelson N (1998). "Characterization of the genes for mouse LERK-3/Ephrin-A3 (Epl3), mouse LERK-4/Ephrin-A4 (Epl4), and human LERK-6/Ephrin-A2 (EPLG6): conservation of intron/exon structure". Genomics. 47 (1): 131–5. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.5088. PMID 9465306.
• Ciossek T, Monschau B, Kremoser C, Loschinger J, Lang S, Muller BK, Bonhoeffer F, Drescher U (1998). "Eph receptor-ligand interactions are necessary for guidance of retinal ganglion cell axons in vitro". Eur. J. Neurosci. 10 (5): 1574–80. doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.1998.00180.x. PMID 9751130. S2CID 20470923.
• Aasheim HC, Pedeutour F, Grosgeorge J, Logtenberg T (1998). "Cloning, chromosal mapping, and tissue expression of the gene encoding the human Eph-family kinase ligand ephrin-A2". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 252 (2): 378–82. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.9618. PMID 9826538.
• Gerlai R, Shinsky N, Shih A, Williams P, Winer J, Armanini M, Cairns B, Winslow J, Gao W (1999). "Regulation of learning by EphA receptors: a protein targeting study". J. Neurosci. 19 (21): 9538–49. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-21-09538.1999. PMC 6782889. PMID 10531456.
• Hattori M, Osterfield M, Flanagan JG (2000). "Regulated cleavage of a contact-mediated axon repellent". Science. 289 (5483): 1360–5. Bibcode:2000Sci...289.1360H. doi:10.1126/science.289.5483.1360. PMID 10958785.
• Rodger J, Lindsey KA, Leaver SG, King CE, Dunlop SA, Beazley LD (2002). "Expression of ephrin-A2 in the superior colliculus and EphA5 in the retina following optic nerve section in adult rat". Eur. J. Neurosci. 14 (12): 1929–36. doi:10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01822.x. PMID 11860487. S2CID 24040732.