Encirclement campaigns (Chinese Civil War)

The encirclement campaigns of the Chinese Civil War were Republic of China (ROC) offensives against Communist (CCP) enclaves in China from the late-1920s to 1934.^[1][2]

The climax were the five "encirclement and suppression",^[2] or "extermination",^[1] campaigns against the Chinese Soviet Republic (CSR) from 1930 to 1934.^[2] The final campaign, developed with German advisors, destroyed the CSR's Jiangxi Soviet and precipitated the CCP's strategic retreat in the Long March.^[3][4]

Campaigns

• Honghu Soviet (first, second, third)
• Eyuwan Soviet: (first, second, third, fourth, fifth)
• Hubei-Henan-Shaanxi Soviet (first, second)
• Hunan-Hubei-Jiangxi Soviet
• Hunan-Hubei-Sichuan-Guizhou Soviet
• Hunan-Jiangxi Soviet
• Hunan-Western Hubei Soviet
• Jiangxi Soviet (first, second, third, fourth, fifth)
• Northeastern Jiangxi Soviet
• Shaanxi-Gansu Soviet (first, second, third)

References

Citations

1. Hsu 2012, p. 6.
2. Opper 2020, "Chapter 3: The Chinese Soviet Republic, 1931 – 1934, Section IV: The KMT Strategy and Alternative".
3. Hsu 2012, p. 137.
4. Opper 2020, "Chapter 3: The Chinese Soviet Republic, 1931 – 1934, Section V. CCP Territorial Control: From Guerrillas to Soldiers".

Sources

• Opper, Marc (2020). People's Wars in China, Malaya, and Vietnam. Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA: University Of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-12657-6.
• Hsu, Wilbur W. (2012). Survival Through Adaptation: The Chinese Red Army and the Extermination Campaigns, 1927-1936 (PDF). Art of War Papers. Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, USA: Combat Studies Institute Press.