Dragonfly (chess variant)

Dragonfly (also known as Shuttle Chess or Bird Chess) is a chess variant invented by Christian Freeling in 1983.^[2][3][4] There are no queens, and a captured bishop, knight, or rook becomes the property of the capturer, who may play it as their own on a turn to any open square. The board is 7×7 squares, or alternatively a 61-cell hexagon with two additional pawns per side.

Dragonfly 7×7 starting setup^[1]

The game is an offshoot and simplification of a Freeling game named Loonybird (or Dragon Chess). Still, "Play is complex and interesting. Draws are rare too." (Wood 1994:94)

Game rules

The standard rules of chess apply, including winning by checkmate. But Dragonfly follows these special rules:

• A bishop, knight, or rook that is captured enters the capturing player's pieces in hand in their own color. As a move, a player may drop any one of the pieces they have in hand on any open square (if the move is otherwise legal). Captured pawns do not go in hand and are instead removed from the game.
• Pawns do not have an initial double-step option. (So, en passant is not possible.) A pawn promotes when reaching the furthest rank to any piece of the player's choosing from those currently held in hand by their opponent. (If the opponent has none, then a pawn move to the furthest rank may not be made.) The chosen piece is removed from the opponent's in-hand stock.
• Castling is permitted, and normal castling conventions apply, with the king shifting over two squares in either direction. But castling with a dropped rook is not allowed.

Dragonfly hex

Dragonfly hex starting setup^[1]

Dragonfly on the hex board is played the same as Dragonfly 7×7, except that pieces move and capture as in Gliński's hexagonal chess (with the exceptions that pawns have no initial double-step option, and castling is permitted).

See also

• Crazyhouse
• Hexshogi
• Shogi
• Yari Shogi

References

1. Pritchard (1994), p. 362
2. Pritchard (1994), p. 96
3. Pritchard (2007), p. 159
4. Wood, P.C. (April–September 1994). "Dragonfly". Variant Chess. Vol. 2, no. 14. British Chess Variants Society. p. 94. ISSN 0958-8248.

Bibliography

• Pritchard, D. B. (1994). The Encyclopedia of Chess Variants. Games & Puzzles Publications. ISBN 0-9524142-0-1.
• Pritchard, D. B. (2007). Beasley, John (ed.). The Classified Encyclopedia of Chess Variants. John Beasley. ISBN 978-0-9555168-0-1.

External links

• Official website MindSports.nl
• Dragonfly by Hans L. Bodlaender, The Chess Variant Pages
• Zillions of Games by Ed van Zon
• Dragonfly a simple program by Ed Friedlander (Java)