Dmitri Ivanovsky

Dmitri Iosifovich Ivanovsky (alternative spelling Dmitrii or Dmitry Iwanowski; Russian: Дми́трий Ио́сифович Ивано́вский;^[a] 28 October 1864 – 20 June 1920) was a Russian botanist, the co-discoverer of viruses (1892), and one of the founders of virology.^{[1][2][3][4][5]}

Dmitri Ivanovsky
Ivanovsky, c. 1915
Born	(1864-10-28)28 October 1864 Nizy, Gdovsky Uyezd, Saint Petersburg Governorate, Russian Empire
Died	20 June 1920(1920-06-20) (aged 55) Rostov-on-Don, Russian SFSR
Nationality	Russian
Alma mater	St. Petersburg Imperial University
Known for	Discovery of viruses, Tobacco mosaic virus
Scientific career
Fields	Virology
Institutions	St. Petersburg Imperial University Imperial University of Warsaw Saint Vladimir Imperial University of Kiev Donskoy University
Doctoral advisor	Andrei Famintsyn

Life

Soviet stamp (1964)

Ivanovsky was born in the village of Nizy, Gdov Uyezd. He studied at the University of Saint Petersburg under Andrei Famintsyn in 1887, when he was sent to Ukraine and Bessarabia to investigate a tobacco disease causing great damage to plantations located there at the time. Three years later, he was assigned to look into a similar disease occurrence of tobacco plants, this time raging in the Crimea region. He discovered that both incidents of disease were caused by an extremely minuscule infectious agent, capable of permeating porcelain Pasteur-Chamberland filters, something which bacteria could never do. He described his findings in an article (1892)^[6] and a dissertation (1902).^[7] Then he worked at the Imperial University of Warsaw and at Donskoy University in Rostov on Don.

In 1898, the Dutch microbiologist Martinus Beijerinck independently replicated Ivanovsky's experiments and became convinced that the filtered solution contained a new form of infectious agent, which he named virus. Beijerinck subsequently acknowledged Ivanovsky's priority in the discovery of the filterable, submicroscopic entity.^[2]

Notes

1. Дмитрій Іосифовичъ Ивановскій in Russian pre-revolutionary script.