Denarius of Titus Didius, minted in 113 or 112 BC. Roma is portrayed on the obverse, while the reverse depicts two gladiators. It may represent a political promise from Didius to offer gladiatorial shows, should he be elected curule aedile.[1]
The nomen Didius or Deidius is of uncertain origin. It resembles a class of gentilicia formed from cognomina ending in -idus, but might be derived from a cognomen Dida. Chase classifies it among those gentilicia that either originated at Rome, or cannot be shown to have come from anywhere else.[4]Anthony Birley suggests they came from eastern Italy, "specifically from the coastal town of Histonium."[5] Olli Salomies has documented several examples of Diidiis used as a family name amongst the Oscans.[6]
The earlier Didii used the praenominaSextus, Titus, and Gaius, to which later members of the family added Quintus, Aulus, and Lucius. All of these were common throughout Roman history.
None of the Didii mentioned during the Republic is known to have borne a cognomen.[2] A number of surnames are found under the Empire, of which the only one that appears to be a family name is Gallus. This cognomen, referring to a cockerel, belongs to an abundant class of cognomina derived from the names of everyday objects and animals. The same surname could also refer to a Gaul, indicating someone of Gaulish descent, or whose appearance or character resembled that of a Gaul.[7][8]
This list includes abbreviated praenomina. For an explanation of this practice, see filiation.
Sextus Didius, the grandfather of Titus Didius, the consul of 98 BC.
Titus Didius Sex. f., tribune of the plebs in 143 BC, was probably the author of the sumptuary law, lex Didia, which was binding on all of Italy, in contrast with the lex Fannia of 161, which had no power except in the city of Rome. He is probably the same Titus Didius who was sent as praetor against the revolted slaves in Sicily, about 138.[9]
Titus Didius (T. f. T. n.), triumvir monetalis in 113 or 112 BC, and tribune of the plebs in 95. He and his colleague, Lucius Aurelius Cotta, were forced from the tribunal hearing the disputes arising from the accusation brought against Caepio.[22]
Gaius Didius, legate of Caesar in 46 BC. In command of Caesar's fleet during Caesar's 46 BC Spanish campaign. He won a naval victory over Publius Attius Varus. After the Battle of Munda Didius pursued Gnaeus Pompeius's fleet escaping from Carteia, capturing or destroying his ships. After the death of Gnaeus, Didius was attacked and slain by his quarry's Lusitanian soldiers.[23][24]
Didius Scaeva, one of the generals of Vitellius, who was slain at the taking of the Capitol in AD 69.
Aulus Didius Gallus Fabricius Veiento, praetor during the reign of Nero, he was banished for publishing a number of libels, and for supposedly selling the honours granted by the emperor. He subsequently returned to Rome, and was consul at least twice, the second time under Titus in AD 80. Aurelius Victor reports that he was a favourite of Domitian, under whom he was consul.[27]
