Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2

Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DGAT2 gene. ^[5]

DGAT2
Identifiers
Aliases	DGAT2, ARAT, GS1999FULL, HMFN1045, diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2
External IDs	OMIM: 606983; MGI: 1915050; HomoloGene: 23580; GeneCards: DGAT2; OMA:DGAT2 - orthologs
EC number	2.3.1.76
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 11 (human)[1] Band 11q13.5 Start 75,759,512 bp[1] End 75,801,535 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 7 (mouse)[2] Band 7|7 E1 Start 98,802,865 bp[2] End 98,831,926 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in skin of arm skin of thigh right lobe of liver skin of abdomen blood adipose tissue jejunal mucosa vulva subcutaneous adipose tissue abdominal fat Top expressed in epithelium of small intestine brown adipose tissue tunica adventitia of aorta esophagus trachea lip white adipose tissue mammary gland extraocular muscle cardiac muscles More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function protein homodimerization activity acyltransferase activity, transferring groups other than amino-acyl groups acyltransferase activity 2-acylglycerol O-acyltransferase activity retinol O-fatty-acyltransferase activity transferase activity diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase activity Cellular component integral component of membrane intracellular membrane-bounded organelle lipid droplet perinuclear region of cytoplasm integral component of endoplasmic reticulum membrane membrane endoplasmic reticulum endoplasmic reticulum membrane mitochondrion Biological process regulation of cholesterol metabolic process lipid storage long-chain fatty-acyl-CoA metabolic process positive regulation of gluconeogenesis fat pad development cellular response to oleic acid fatty acid homeostasis positive regulation of triglyceride biosynthetic process lipid metabolism regulation of plasma lipoprotein particle levels negative regulation of fatty acid oxidation acylglycerol acyl-chain remodeling retinol metabolic process low-density lipoprotein particle clearance glycerol metabolic process diacylglycerol metabolic process cellular triglyceride homeostasis cholesterol homeostasis regulation of lipoprotein metabolic process triglyceride biosynthetic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 84649 67800 Ensembl ENSG00000062282 ENSMUSG00000030747 UniProt Q96PD7 Q9DCV3 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001253891 NM_032564 NM_026384 RefSeq (protein) NP_001240820 NP_115953 NP_080660 Location (UCSC) Chr 11: 75.76 – 75.8 Mb Chr 7: 98.8 – 98.83 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

This gene encodes one of two enzymes which catalyzes the final reaction in the synthesis of triglycerides in which diacylglycerol is covalently bound to long chain fatty acyl-CoAs.

The encoded protein catalyzes this reaction at low concentrations of magnesium chloride while the other enzyme has high activity at high concentrations of magnesium chloride. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000062282 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000030747 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. "Entrez Gene: Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2". Retrieved 2017-07-18.

Further reading

• Wakimoto K, Chiba H, Michibata H, Seishima M, Kawasaki S, Okubo K, Mitsui H, Torii H, Imai Y (2003). "A novel diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT2) is decreased in human psoriatic skin and increased in diabetic mice". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 310 (2): 296–302. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.09.015. PMID 14521909.
• Ganji SH, Tavintharan S, Zhu D, Xing Y, Kamanna VS, Kashyap ML (2004). "Niacin noncompetitively inhibits DGAT2 but not DGAT1 activity in HepG2 cells". J. Lipid Res. 45 (10): 1835–45. doi:10.1194/jlr.M300403-JLR200. PMID 15258194.
• Friedel S, Reichwald K, Scherag A, Brumm H, Wermter AK, Fries HR, Koberwitz K, Wabitsch M, Meitinger T, Platzer M, Biebermann H, Hinney A, Hebebrand J (2007). "Mutation screen and association studies in the diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase homolog 2 gene (DGAT2), a positional candidate gene for early onset obesity on chromosome 11q13". BMC Genet. 8: 17. doi:10.1186/1471-2156-8-17. PMC 1871603. PMID 17477860.
• Friedel S, Reichwald K, Scherag A, Brumm H, Wermter AK, Fries HR, Koberwitz K, Wabitsch M, Meitinger T, Platzer M, Biebermann H, Hinney A, Hebebrand J (2007). "Mutation screen and association studies in the diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase homolog 2 gene (DGAT2), a positional candidate gene for early onset obesity on chromosome 11q13". BMC Genet. 8: 17. doi:10.1186/1471-2156-8-17. PMC 1871603. PMID 17477860.
• Payne VA, Au WS, Gray SL, Nora ED, Rahman SM, Sanders R, Hadaschik D, Friedman JE, O'rahilly S, Rochford JJ (2007). "Sequential regulation of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 expression by CAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBPbeta) and C/EBPalpha during adipogenesis". J. Biol. Chem. 282 (29): 21005–14. doi:10.1074/jbc.M702871200. PMC 2254492. PMID 17504763.
• Levin MC, Monetti M, Watt MJ, Sajan MP, Stevens RD, Bain JR, Newgard CB, Farese RV, Farese RV (2007). "Increased lipid accumulation and insulin resistance in transgenic mice expressing DGAT2 in glycolytic (type II) muscle". Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 293 (6): E1772–81. doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00158.2007. PMID 17940217.
• Yen CL, Stone SJ, Koliwad S, Harris C, Farese RV (2008). "Thematic review series: glycerolipids. DGAT enzymes and triacylglycerol biosynthesis". J. Lipid Res. 49 (11): 2283–301. doi:10.1194/jlr.R800018-JLR200. PMC 3837458. PMID 18757836.
• Kantartzis K, Machicao F, Machann J, Schick F, Fritsche A, Häring HU, Stefan N (2009). "The DGAT2 gene is a candidate for the dissociation between fatty liver and insulin resistance in humans" (PDF). Clin. Sci. 116 (6): 531–7. doi:10.1042/CS20080306. PMID 18980578. S2CID 24593609.
• Stone SJ, Levin MC, Zhou P, Han J, Walther TC, Farese RV (2009). "The endoplasmic reticulum enzyme DGAT2 is found in mitochondria-associated membranes and has a mitochondrial targeting signal that promotes its association with mitochondria". J. Biol. Chem. 284 (8): 5352–61. doi:10.1074/jbc.M805768200. PMC 2643492. PMID 19049983.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.