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Inhabitants of the World of Darkness in Mandaeism From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In Mandaeism, various beings inhabit the World of Darkness.
According to the Right Ginza, the World of Darkness consists of many demons, dewis, and evil spirits, including:[1]
Other types of demons mentioned in Book 18 of the Right Ginza are:[2]
The Right Ginza describes them as:
Other than Ur, Ruha and her entourage of the 7 planets and 12 constellations, some infernal beings mentioned in the Ginza Rabba are:[3][4]
Other demons mentioned in the Ginza Rabba are:[4]
Demons mentioned in the Diwan Abatur who often accompany Ur and Shdum include:[5]
In Book 5, Chapter 1 of the Right Ginza (also known as the "Book of the Underworld"), Hibil Ziwa descends the worlds of the "kings" and "giants of darkness" in the following order:[4]
In Book 15, Chapter 11 of the Right Ginza, the pillars of Jerusalem are named as:
Some of these names are also associated with beings in the World of Darkness, such as Karkum and Adunai (another name for Šamiš or the Sun).[4]
Mandaeans also consider the "Five Lords of the World of Darkness" to be:[6]
The paired demons are considered to rule together as single lords, since Mag and Gapan are female consorts who are always with their male consorts Hag and Gap, respectively.[6]
Krun, Hag, and Ur are depicted on the skandola, a ritual talismanic seal used by Mandaeans to protect against evil.[6]
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