Cwmystwyth

Cwmystwyth (also Cwm Ystwyth, Welsh pronunciation: [kʊmˈəstʊɨθ]; English: "valley of the River Ystwyth") is a village in Ceredigion, Wales near Devil's Bridge, and Pont-rhyd-y-groes.

Cwmystwyth
A view towards Cwmystwyth, looking south-east
Cwmystwyth Location within Ceredigion
OS grid reference	SN789740
• Cardiff	90 mi (140 km)SE
Principal area	Ceredigion
Preserved county	Dyfed
Country	Wales
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	Aberystwyth
Postcode district	SY23
Dialling code	01974
Police	Dyfed-Powys
Fire	Mid and West Wales
Ambulance	Welsh
UK Parliament	Ceredigion Preseli
Senedd Cymru – Welsh Parliament	Ceredigion
List of places UK Wales Ceredigion 52.351°N 3.779°W / 52.351; -3.779

The Ordnance Survey calculates Cwmystwyth to be the centre point of Wales (52°19′48.791″N 3°45′59.072″W; grid reference SN7972871704).^[1]

History

See also: Cwmystwyth Mines

Discovery of small, oval-shaped stone tools in the area points to the fact that it has been mined for lead since the time of ancient Britons and during Roman occupation. Documentation of mining activities occurred during the reign of Elizabeth I. She engaged the services of two German miners, then went on to sub-let to Hugh Myddleton.^[2]

The only significant flat area of the cwm is found before the river reaches maturity near Trawsgoed some 6 miles (9.7 km) further west. Above the village to the east steep slopes rise to the Elenydd moors, above the cwm of the Nant Milwyn, at the head of the hill of Domen Milwyn.

Climate

Cwmystwyth experiences an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification Cfb) similar to almost all of Wales and the United Kingdom. This translates to a narrow range of temperatures, rainfall in all seasons and low sunshine levels, particularly at upland locations such as inland Wales.

The MetOffice maintains a weather station in the village, with online climate records dating back to 1959. Temperatures range from an absolute high of 32.3 °C (90.1 °F) recorded during July 2006,^[3] down to an absolute low of −16.7 °C (1.9 °F), recorded during January 1963.^[4] During an 'average' year, the warmest day will likely reach 26.1 °C (79.0 °F)^[5] and the coldest night fall to −8.0 °C (17.6 °F).^[6] In total just over 3 days^[7] should record a temperature of 25.1 °C (77.2 °F) or above, and 59.3 nights^[8] should report an air frost.

Rainfall, as one might expect for an elevated place in Wales, is high, at nearly 2,000 millimetres (79 in) a year. At least 1 millimetre (0.039 in) will be observed on over 196 days^[9] of the year, on average. All averages refer to the period 1991–2020.

Climate data for Cwmystwyth: 301 m (988 ft) 1991–2020 normals, extremes 2000–2020
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	12.3 (54.1)	16.5 (61.7)	18.9 (66.0)	23.8 (74.8)	25.0 (77.0)	28.2 (82.8)	32.3 (90.1)	30.4 (86.7)	25.0 (77.0)	20.3 (68.5)	16.8 (62.2)	12.5 (54.5)	32.3 (90.1)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	6.5 (43.7)	6.8 (44.2)	8.8 (47.8)	11.6 (52.9)	14.6 (58.3)	17.0 (62.6)	18.4 (65.1)	18.1 (64.6)	16.2 (61.2)	12.7 (54.9)	9.3 (48.7)	7.2 (45.0)	12.3 (54.1)
Daily mean °C (°F)	3.9 (39.0)	4.0 (39.2)	5.4 (41.7)	7.6 (45.7)	10.3 (50.5)	12.8 (55.0)	14.6 (58.3)	14.3 (57.7)	12.4 (54.3)	9.6 (49.3)	6.5 (43.7)	4.5 (40.1)	8.8 (47.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	1.2 (34.2)	1.2 (34.2)	2.1 (35.8)	3.5 (38.3)	6.0 (42.8)	8.7 (47.7)	10.8 (51.4)	10.5 (50.9)	8.7 (47.7)	6.5 (43.7)	3.7 (38.7)	1.8 (35.2)	5.4 (41.7)
Record low °C (°F)	−10.2 (13.6)	−8.1 (17.4)	−9.0 (15.8)	−4.5 (23.9)	−2.5 (27.5)	−0.2 (31.6)	2.8 (37.0)	1.4 (34.5)	−0.4 (31.3)	−3.8 (25.2)	−10.7 (12.7)	−11.5 (11.3)	−11.5 (11.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	188.8 (7.43)	155.0 (6.10)	134.2 (5.28)	103.6 (4.08)	106.4 (4.19)	120.0 (4.72)	136.5 (5.37)	135.1 (5.32)	146.7 (5.78)	192.0 (7.56)	211.9 (8.34)	215.5 (8.48)	1,845.6 (72.66)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)	18.8	16.1	15.5	14.2	13.6	13.6	15.7	16.3	15.0	17.6	19.8	19.8	196.0
Mean monthly sunshine hours	34.2	59.2	94.3	141.4	173.6	154.6	147.7	136.1	115.0	83.1	45.0	28.8	1,213.1
Source 1: Met Office[10]
Source 2: Météo Climat[11]