Copper(I) fluoride

Copper(I) fluoride or cuprous fluoride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula CuF. Its existence is uncertain. It was reported in 1933 to have a sphalerite-type crystal structure.^[3] Modern textbooks state that CuF is not known,^[4] since fluorine is so electronegative that it will always oxidise copper to its +2 oxidation state.^[5] Complexes of CuF such as [(Ph₃P)₃CuF] are, however, known and well characterised.^[6]

Copper(I) fluoride

Names
IUPAC name Copper(I) fluoride
Systematic IUPAC name Fluorocopper[1]
Other names Cuprous fluoride
Identifiers
CAS Number	13478-41-6 N
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image Interactive image
ChemSpider	2341261 Y
PubChem CID	3084153
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID50158944
InChI InChI=1S/Cu.FH/h;1H/q+1;/p-1 Y Key: BMRUOURRLCCWHB-UHFFFAOYSA-M Y InChI=1/Cu.FH/h;1H/q+1;/p-1 Key: BMRUOURRLCCWHB-REWHXWOFAQ
SMILES F[Cu] [Cu]F
Properties
Chemical formula	CuF
Molar mass	82.544 g·mol−1
Density	7.1 g cm−3
Structure
Crystal structure	sphalerite
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	3 0 0
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 1 mg/m3 (as Cu)[2]
REL (Recommended)	TWA 1 mg/m3 (as Cu)[2]
IDLH (Immediate danger)	TWA 100 mg/m3 (as Cu)[2]
Related compounds
Other anions	Copper(I) chloride Copper(I) bromide Copper(I) iodide
Other cations	Silver(I) fluoride Gold(I) fluoride
Related compounds	Copper(II) fluoride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references

Synthesis and reactivity

Unlike other copper(I) halides like copper(I) chloride, copper(I) fluoride tends to disproportionate into copper(II) fluoride and copper in a one-to-one ratio at ambient conditions, unless it is stabilised through complexation as in the example of [Cu(N₂)F].^[7]

2CuF → Cu + CuF₂

See also

• Copper(II) fluoride, the other simple fluoride of copper

References

1. "Copper Monofluoride - PubChem Public Chemical Database". The PubChem Project. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information.
2. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0150". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
3. Ebert, F.; Woitinek, H. (1933). "Kristallstrukturen von Fluoriden. II. HgF, HgF₂, CuF und CuF₂". Z. anorg. allg. Chem. 210 (3): 269–272. doi:10.1002/zaac.19332100307.
4. Housecroft, C. E.; Sharpe, A. G. (2008). Inorganic Chemistry (3rd ed.). Prentice Hall. pp. 737–738. ISBN 978-0-13-175553-6.
5. Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. pp. 1183–1185. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
6. Gulliver, D. J.; Levason, W.; Webster, M. (1981). "Coordination Stabilised Copper(I) Fluoride. Crystal and Molecular Structure of Fluorotris(triphenylphosphine)copper(I)·Ethanol (1/2), Cu(PPh₃)₃F·2EtOH". Inorg. Chim. Acta. 52: 153–159. doi:10.1016/S0020-1693(00)88590-4.
7. Francis, Simon G.; Matthews, Steven L.; Poleshchuk, Oleg Kh; Walker, Nicholas R.; Legon, Anthony C. (2006-09-25). "N2-Cu-F: A Complex of Dinitrogen and Cuprous Fluoride Characterized by Rotational Spectroscopy". Angewandte Chemie. 118 (38): 6489–6491. doi:10.1002/ange.200601988. PMID 16937427.