Compression (geology)

Not to be confused with Compression fossil.

In geology, the term compression refers to a set of stresses directed toward the center of a rock mass. Compressive strength refers to the maximum amount of compressive stress that can be applied to a material before failure occurs. When the maximum compressive stress is in a horizontal orientation, thrust faulting can occur, resulting in the shortening and thickening of that portion of the crust. When the maximum compressive stress is vertical, a section of rock will often fail in normal faults, horizontally extending and vertically thinning a given layer of rock. Compressive stresses can also result in folding of rocks. Because of the large magnitudes of lithostatic stress in tectonic plates, tectonic-scale deformation is always subjected to net compressive stress.^[1]

Compressive stresses can result in a number of different features at varying scales, most notably including Folds, and Thrust faults.

See also

• Gravitational compression

References

1. Van der Pluijm, Ben A.; Marshak, Stephen (2004). Earth structure : an introduction to structural geology and tectonics (2nd ed.). New York, N.Y. ISBN 978-0-393-11780-6. OCLC 889726522.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)