Chunerpeton

Chunerpeton tianyiensis is an extinct species of salamander from the Late Jurassic Daohugou Beds in Ningcheng County, Nei Mongol (Inner Mongolia), China. It is the only species classified under the genus Chunerpeton, which means "early creeping animal".^[1] It was a small animal measuring 18 cm in length.^[2] It was neotenic, with the retention of external gills into adulthood. In the original description it was placed in Cryptobranchidae, which contains modern giant salamanders.^[1] A redescription published in 2020 found it to be a stem-group caudatan outside the crown group of modern salamanders.^[3] A 2021 study found it to be a member of Cryptobranchoidea outside of Cryptobranchidae.^[4] In 2022 a more extensive analysis, with greater character and taxon sampling, recovered Chunerpeton tianyiense as a stem-group caudatan, outside the crown group of modern salamanders, and associated with Beiyanerpeton jianpingensis and Qinglongtriton gangouensis.^[5]

Chunerpeton tianyiensis Temporal range: Middle or Late Jurassic, 164 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Fossil specimen of C. tianyiensis, Beijing Museum of Natural History
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Amphibia
Clade:	Caudata
Order:	Urodela
Suborder:	Cryptobranchoidea
Genus:	†Chunerpeton Gao & Shubin, 2003
Species:	†C. tianyiensis
Binomial name
†Chunerpeton tianyiensis Gao & Shubin, 2003

Chunerpeton tianyiensis has been used to constrain the age of Cryptobranchoidea in over a dozen molecular divergence analyses^[5] but given the uncertain affinity of the taxon perhaps it should no longer be used in this way.^[5]

It lived with likely stem-group salamanders, e.g. Jeholotriton paradoxus Wang 2000, Liaoxitriton daohugouensis Wang 2004, and Pangerpeton sinensis Wang & Evans 2006 of the same age.