Christchurch Country

Christchurch Country was a parliamentary electorate in the Canterbury region of New Zealand from 1853 to 1860. It was thus one of the original 24 electorates used for the 1st New Zealand Parliament.

Geography

The area covered by the Christchurch Country electorate was synonymous with the original area of Canterbury Province, i.e. covering all land from the east coast to the west coast of the South Island that lay north of Otago Province (covered by the Dunedin Country electorate) and south of Nelson Province (covered by the Wairau electorate on the east coast; the west coast was virtually uninhibited by Europeans and initially not covered by an electorate). Thus, the Christchurch Country electorate extended from Awarua Point to the Grey River on the West Coast, and from the Waitaki River to the Hurunui River.^[1] Three settlements within Canterbury Province were covered by their own electorates, namely Town of Christchurch (covering an area now to be considered the central city), Town of Lyttelton, and Akaroa (which covered the eastern half of Banks Peninsula).^[1]

History

The electorate was created for the first Parliament as a two-member electorate.^[2]

The nomination meeting for the first election was held on 16 August 1853 at the Christchurch Land Office, together with the nomination meeting for the Town of Christchurch electorate. The first election was held on Saturday, 27 August between 9 am and 4 pm at the Resident Magistrate's Office in Christchurch, with Charles Simeon acting as the returning officer.^[3] James Stuart-Wortley and Jerningham Wakefield were the first two representatives, with Guise Brittan being defeated.^[4] Wakefield served until the end of the parliamentary term. Stuart-Wortley resigned on 18 July 1855. As Parliament was dissolved on 15 September 1855, no by-election was held to fill the vacancy.^[5]

For the 1855 election, the nomination meeting for both the Christchurch Country and the Town of Christchurch electorates was held in the Market Place on Tuesday, 18 December. Charles Bowen acted as returning officer. Four candidates were proposed for the Christchurch Country electorate, and the election date was set for Thursday, 20 December. Henry Sewell was the only candidate for the Town of Christchurch electorate, and he was declared elected.^[6] Two days later, polling booths were in Christchurch, Lyttelton, and Kaiapoi, and the successful candidates were John Hall and Dingley Askham Brittin, who defeated John Ollivier and Crosbie Ward.^[7] Hall later became New Zealand's 12th Premier (1879–82).^[8]

Members of Parliament

The electorate was represented by seven Members of Parliament.^[2]

Key

  Independent

Election	Winners
1853 election		Jerningham Wakefield		James Stuart-Wortley
1855 election		Dingley Askham Brittin		John Hall
1856 by-election		John Ollivier[9]
1860 first by-election		Isaac Cookson
1860 second by-election				Charles Hunter Brown

Election results

1856 by-election

1856 Christchurch Country by-election^[10]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Independent	John Ollivier	191	61.4
	Independent	Crosbie Ward	120	38.6
Turnout			311
Majority			71

1855 election

1855 general election: Christchurch Country^[7]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Independent	John Hall	241	64.87
	Independent	Dingley Askham Brittin	208	55.99
	Independent	John Ollivier	177	47.64
	Independent	Crosbie Ward	117	31.49
Majority			31[nb 1]	8.34
Turnout			372[nb 2]
Registered electors

Table footnotes:

1. Majority is difference between lowest winning poll (Brittin – 208) and highest losing poll (Ollivier – 177).
2. As electors had two votes each, turnout is assumed to be the sum of votes divided by two.

1853 election

1853 general election: Christchurch Country^[4]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Independent	James Stuart-Wortley	131	41.32
	Independent	Jerningham Wakefield	123	38.80
	Independent	Guise Brittan	63	19.87
Majority			60[mb 1]	37.85
Turnout			159[mb 2]	73.38
Registered electors			216

Table footnotes:

1. Majority is difference between lowest winning poll (Wakefield – 123) and highest losing poll (Brittan – 63).
2. As electors had two votes each, turnout is assumed to be the sum of votes divided by two.

Notes

1. McRobie 1989, p. 31.
2. Wilson 1985, p. 261.
3. "Public Notice". Lyttelton Times. Vol. III, no. 134. 30 July 1853. p. 1. Retrieved 18 September 2013.
4. "Christchurch Elections". Lyttelton Times. Vol. III, no. 139. 3 September 1853. p. 6. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
5. Scholefield 1950, pp. 141, 145.
6. "The Lyttelton Times". Lyttelton Times. Vol. V, no. 327. 19 December 1855. p. 6. Retrieved 16 March 2016.
7. "The Lyttelton Times". Lyttelton Times. Vol. V, no. 328. 22 December 1855. p. 6. Retrieved 16 March 2016.
8. King 2003, p. 534.
9. "Canterbury". Vol. XIII, no. 978. Daily Southern Cross. 11 November 1856. p. 3. Retrieved 26 March 2010.
10. "Local Intelligence". Lyttelton Times. Vol. VI, no. 412. 15 October 1856. p. 7. Retrieved 29 May 2013.

References

• King, Michael (2003). The Penguin History of New Zealand. Penguin Books. ISBN 0-14-301867-1.
• McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
• Scholefield, Guy (1950) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 (3rd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer.
• Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.