Charles Edward Montague

Charles Edward Montague (1 January 1867 – 28 May 1928) was an English journalist, known also as a writer of novels and essays.

Biography

Montague was born and brought up in London, the son of an Irish Roman Catholic priest who had left his vocation to marry.^[1][2] He was educated at the City of London School and Balliol College, Oxford.^[1] At Oxford he gained a First in Classical Moderations (1887) and a Second in Literae Humaniores (1889).^[3] Montague also played rugby at Oxford and was a member of the Oxford rowing team.^[4] Montague also received a Bronze Medal from the Royal Humane Society for saving a man from drowning.^[4] In 1890 he was recruited by C. P. Scott to The Manchester Guardian, where he became a leader writer and critic; while Scott was an M.P. between 1895 and 1906 he was de facto editor of the paper.^[1] He married Scott's daughter Madeline in 1898. While working at the paper, Montague became a supporter of Irish Home Rule.^[1] Montague's journalism caused some controversy due to his opposition to the Anglo-Boer War.^[5] During this time, Montague wrote William Thomas Arnold (1907), a biography of the titular journalist, with Mary Augusta Ward.^[2] Montague also produced his first novel, A Hind Let Loose (1910), a humorous novel set in the provincial newspaper business.^[2]

Montague was against World War I prior to its commencement, but once it started he believed that it was right to support it in the hope of a swift resolution.^[1] In 1914, Montague was 47, which was well over the age for enlistment. But in order to enlist, he dyed his white hair black to enable him to fool the Army into accepting him. H. W. Nevinson would later write that "Montague is the only man I know whose white hair in a single night turned dark through courage." He began as a grenadier-sergeant, and rose to lieutenant and then captain of intelligence in 1915. Later in the war, he became an armed escort for VIPs visiting the battlefield. He escorted such personalities as H. G. Wells and Bernard Shaw. After the end of World War I he wrote in a strong anti-war vein. He wrote that "War hath no fury like a non-combatant." Disenchantment (1922), a collection of newspaper articles about the war,^[1] was one of the first prose works to strongly criticise the way the war was fought, and is regarded by some as a pivotal text in the development of literature about World War I.^[6][7] Disenchantment criticised the British Press' coverage of the war and the conduct of the British generals.^[6] Montague accused the latter of being influenced by the "public school ethos" which he condemned as being anti-intellectual; Montague described the "public school spirit" as a "gallant, robust contempt for "swats" and "smugs" and all who invented new means to new ends and who trained and used their brains with a will".^[6][8]

Montague published a collection of essays, The Right Place: A Book of Pleasures (1924). This book celebrated Montague's interests, including cycling, mountaineering, and architecture.^[4]

He returned to The Manchester Guardian, but felt that his role was diminishing as the years passed. He finally retired in 1925, and settled down to become a full-time writer in the last years of his life. On a visit to London in 1928 he caught pneumonia, and he died of the illness in May 1928 at the age of 61.^[4] Montague was survived by his wife, five sons and two daughters.^[4]

Montague was the father of Evelyn Montague, the Olympic athlete and journalist depicted in the 1981 film Chariots of Fire.

Critical Reception

Montague's novel A Hind Let Loose was praised by H. L. Mencken. Mencken stated about the novel that "Montague manages the difficult business superbly...it is a charming and uproarious piece of buffoonery, carried on with the utmost dexterity from start to finish."^[9]

Disenchantment was praised by John Masefield in the Manchester Guardian; Masefield described the book as "one of the very best of the books which have been written about the war".^[10] Disenchantment was also lauded by H. G. Wells, George Bernard Shaw, H. M. Tomlinson, Christopher Morley, Heywood Broun and Dorothy Canfield.^[11][12][13]

Literary critic Harry Hansen lauded The Right Place as "the sort of book that one can open at dawn and at dusk, and find solace therein" and called Montague "a brilliant English journalist."^[14]

Media portrayal

Charles Edward Montague is one of the 14 main characters of the series 14 - Diaries of the Great War. He is played by actor David Acton.

Film Adaptions

Montague's short story "Judith" was adapted as the 1929 Hollywood film True Heaven, directed by James Tinling.^[15]

Works

• The Manchester Stage, 1880-1900 (with William T. Arnold, O. Elton, and A.N. Monkhouse) (1900) reviews
• Studies of Roman imperialism (with William T. Arnold, Edward Fiddes, Humphry Ward) (1906)
• William Thomas Arnold (with Mrs. Humphry Ward, AKA Mary Augusta Ward) (1907) biography
• A Hind Let Loose (1910), a novel
• Dramatic Values (1911), reviews
• The Morning's War (1913), a novel
• The Front Line (illustrated by Muirhead Bone) (1916) non-fiction
• The Western Front (illustrated by Muirhead Bone, introduction by Gen. Sir Douglas Haig) (1917) non-fiction
• Disenchantment (1922), essays [thoughts on the First World War]
• Fiery Particles (1923), short stories
• The Right Place (1924), travel writing
• Rough Justice (1926), a novel
• Right off the Map (1927), a science fiction novel
• Action (1928), short stories
• A Writer's Notes on His Trade (1930)
• "Two or Three Witnesses", a short story

Notes

1. Barbara Korte and Ann-Marie Einhaus (eds.) The Penguin book of First World War Stories. London; New York : Penguin Books, 2007. ISBN 9780141442150 (pp. 396-7)
2. Kemp, Sandra, Mitchell, Charlotte, Trotter, David, The Oxford Companion to Edwardian Fiction, Oxford University Press, 1997, ISBN 9780198117605 (pg. 282).
3. Oxford University Calendar 1895, Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1895, pp.261, 345.
4. Twentieth century authors, a biographical dictionary of modern literature, edited by Stanley J. Kunitz and Howard Haycraft. New York, The H.W. Wilson Company, 1942, (pp. 973-4).
5. Rankin, Nicholas, A Genius for Deception: How Cunning Helped the British Win Two World Wars. Oxford, Oxford University Press, ISBN 9780199756711 (pg. 147).
6. John Lucas, The Radical Twenties. Rutgers University Press 1999. ISBN 978-0813526829 (pp. 59-60).
7. Peter Buitenhuis,The Great War of Words: British, American, and Canadian propaganda and fiction, 1914-1933. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1987. ISBN 9780774802703 (pp. 149–52).
8. MacArthur, Brian, The Penguin Book of Twentieth-century Protest. London, Penguin, 1999. ISBN 9780140258905 (pg. 57).
9. Mencken, H. L. "Rambles in Fiction". The American Mercury, July 1924, pp. 380-381.
10. Errington, Philip W. John Masefield's Great War: Collected Works. Barnsley, South Yorkshire : Pen & Sword Military, 2009. ISBN 9781783409051 (pg. 310)
11. Frayn, Alexander. Writing Disenchantment: British First World War prose, 1914–30. Manchester University Press, 2015 ISBN 9781526103185 (pg.101)
12. Gibbs, A. Hamilton. "Magic of "Disenchantment"", Brentano's Book Chat Magazine, Brentano, New York, Midwinter 1923. (pgs. 19-20)
13. "C. E. Montague", Publishers Weekly, New York, October 1, 1927. (pg. 1260-1).
14. Hansen, Harry. "Among the New Books" The Harpers Monthly, September 1924.
15. Alicoate, James. The 1930 Film Daily Year Book of Motion Pictures. New York, Film Daily, 1930 (pg. 153).

References

• C. E. Montague: A Memoir (1929) by Oliver Elton

External links

• Works by or about Charles Edward Montague at Wikisource
• C. E. Montague Papers at John Rylands Library, Manchester.