Changjin Line

The Changjin Line (Korean: 장진선) is an electrified narrow gauge line of the North Korean State Railway running from Yŏnggwang on the Sinhŭng Line to Sasu on Lake Changjin.^[1] There is a 7.4 km (4.6 mi) cable-hauled section between Samgo and Hwangch'oryong; between Pojang and Hwangch'oryong the grade reaches 370‰.^[2]

Changjin Line
Overview
Native name	장진선(長津線)
Status	Operational
Owner	Sinhŭng Railway (1934–1938) Chosen Railway (1938–1945) Korean State Railway (since 1945)
Locale	South Hamgyŏng
Termini	Yŏnggwang Sasu
Stations	13
Service
Type	Heavy rail, Regional rail
History
Opened	1 October 1926 (Yŏnggwang—Sangt'ong) 1 September 1934 (Sangt'ong—Samgŏ) 1 November 1934 (Samgŏ—Kujin)
Closed	15 July 1935 (Sindae—Kujin) 30 Aug. 1935 (Sasu—Sindae)
Technical
Line length	58.6 km (36.4 mi)
Number of tracks	Single track
Track gauge	762 mm (2 ft 6 in)
Electrification	1500 V DC Overhead line
Maximum incline	370‰
Route map Legend Sinhŭng Line standard gauge Changjin Line narrow gauge Chŭngnimgang 0.0 Yŏnggwang Narrow-gauge maintenance shops Power station (bridge appx 40 m (130 ft)) 5.6 Tongyang 9.1 Songdang (bridge appx 145 m (476 ft)) (bridge appx 25 m (82 ft)) 11.4 Tongchŏng Closed 13.3 Sangt'ong (bridge appx 220 m (720 ft)) 17.3 Ryongsu (tunnel appx 130 m (430 ft)) (bridge appx 200 m (660 ft)) (tunnel appx 125 m (410 ft)) 23.3 Hagich'ŏn Hagich'ŏn town power plant (bridge appx 45 m (148 ft)) 28.4 Samgŏ   0.0 Cable-hauled section - bottom end (bridge appx 55 m (180 ft)) power plant 32.0 Pojang (bridge appx 135 m (443 ft))   7.4 Cable-hauled section - summit end Cable-hauling machinery house Summit (tunnel appx 275 m (902 ft)) 35.8 Hwangch'oryŏng (bridge appx 25 m (82 ft)) (bridge appx 80 m (260 ft)) (bridge appx 50 m (160 ft)) Kot'o town 41.2 Kot'o engine house 46.4 Pusŏng Closed 49.2 Sangp'yŏng Changjin airbase Changjin town 54.3 Changjin 58.6 Sasu (bridge appx 295 m (968 ft)) 62.7 Sindae Closed 1935 68.4 Chungnam Closed 1935 75.1 Kujin Closed 1935

Changjin Line
Chosŏn'gŭl	장진선
Hancha	長津線
Revised Romanization	Jangjin-seon
McCune–Reischauer	Changjin-sŏn

History

In 1923 the privately owned Sinhŭng Railway opened the mainline of its Hamnam Line (not to be confused with the line of the same name of the Chosen Magnesite Development Railway, nowadays called Kŭmgol Line), from Hamhŭng to Sinhŭng via Oro (nowadays called Yŏnggwang), and subsequently expanded the line with the addition of a branch from Oro to Sangt'ong that was opened on 1 October 1926.

In 1934, to aid in the construction of a new hydroelectric power plant on the Changjin River, and to exploit forestry and other resources in the area, the Sinhŭng Railway began opening its Changjin Line. The first section, from Sangt'ong to Samgŏ, was opened on 1 September 1934,^[3] followed by an extension from Samgŏ to Kujin on 1 November of the same year.^[4] Later, the Sindae—Kujin section was closed on 15 July 1935,^[5] followed by the closure of the Sasu—Sindae section on 30 August 1935.^[6]

The Sinhŭng Railway was bought and absorbed by the Chosen Railway on 22 April 1938.^[7]

Following the establishment of the DPRK, all railways in North Korea were nationalised, becoming part of the Korean State Railway.^[1] The Chosen Railway's Hamnam, Songhŭng and Changjin Lines were split up, with the mainline of the Hamnam Line and the Songhŭng Line merged to become the Sinhŭng Line, while the Yŏnggwang—Sang'tong branch was split off from the Hamnam Line and added to the Changjin Line, and the line was later electrified. Although the Hamhŭng—Sinhŭng section was rebuilt to standard gauge by the Korean State Railway,^[8] the Changjin Line remained narrow gauge.

Services

Although significant for passenger transport in the area, the bulk of the trains on the Changjin Line are for freight transport, with the majority of traffic being outbound cargo - in the mid 1980s, 62.1% of all freight traffic originated on the line for shipment elsewhere, while only 37.9% being traffic from elsewhere destined for points on the line. Wood accounts for the vast majority of outbound freight - up to 78.8% in the 1980s, with grain, ore and metals being the other major commodities. Of inbound goods, coal is the most important at 36.7% of the total (of which up to 20% is anthracite), followed by rice and other grains (18.9%), fertiliser (11.9%), sea products (8.2%) and cement (4.2%).^[2]

Route

A yellow background in the "Distance" box indicates that section of the line is not electrified; a pink background indicates that section is 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) narrow gauge; an orange background indicates that section is non-electrified narrow gauge.

Distance (km)		Station Name		Former Name
Total	S2S	Transcribed	Chosŏn'gŭl (Hanja)	Transcribed	Chosŏn'gŭl (Hanja)	Connections
0.0	0.0	Yŏnggwang	영광 (栄光)	Oro	오로 (五老)	Sinhŭng Line
5.6	5.6	Tongyang	동양 (東陽)
9.1	3.5	Songdang	송당 (松堂)
11.4	2.3	Tongchŏng	동정 (東井)			Closed.
13.3	4.2	Sangt'ong	상통 (上通)
17.4	4.1	Ryongsu	룡수 (龍水)
23.4	6.0	Hagich'ŏn	하기천 (下岐川)
28.4	5.0	Samgŏ	삼거 (三巨)
32.0	3.6	Pojang	부장 (堡庄)
35.8	3.8	Hwangch'oryŏng	황초령 (黄草嶺)
41.2	5.4	Kot'o	고토 (古土)
46.4	5.2	Pusŏng	부성 (富盛)			Closed.
49.2	2.8	Sangp'yŏng	상평 (上坪)
54.3	5.1	Changjin	장진 (長津)
58.6	4.0	Sasu	사수 (泗水)
62.7	4.1	Sindae	신대 (新垈)			Closed 15 July 1935.[6]
68.4	5.2	Chungnam	중남 (中南)			Closed 15 July 1935.[5]
75.1	5.2	Kujin	구진 (舊津)			Closed 15 July 1935.[5]

References

1. Kokubu, Hayato, 将軍様の鉄道 (Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō), ISBN 978-4-10-303731-6
2. "북한지리정보: 운수지리 - 장진선". Retrieved 2017-01-18.
3. 朝鮮總督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa No. 2298, 5 September 1934
4. 朝鮮總督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa No. 2348, 7 November 1934
5. 朝鮮總督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa No. 2557, 22 July 1935
6. 朝鮮總督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa No. 2595, 4 September 1935
7. 朝鮮總督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa No. 3385, 3 May 1938
8. "신흥선".

• Ministry of Railways (1937), 鉄道停車場一覧. 昭和12年10月1日現在(The list of the stations, Status as of 1 October 1937), Kawaguchi Printing, p511, 517