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Military unit From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Red Banner Central Asian Military District was a military district of the Soviet Armed Forces, which existed in 1926–1945 and 1969–1989, with its headquarters at Tashkent (1926–1945) and Almaty (1969–1989). By USSR Order No.304 of 4 June 1926, the Turkestan Front was renamed the Central Asian Military District.
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| Central Asian Military District | |
|---|---|
The territory of the Central Asian Military District in 1989. | |
| Active | 4 June 1926 – 9 July 1945 24 June 1969 – 1 June 1989 |
| Country | Soviet Union (1926–1989) |
| Type | Military district |
| Headquarters | Tashkent (1926–1945) Almaty (1969–1989) |
| Engagements | World War II |
On 22 June 1941 the Central Asian Military District included the 4th Cavalry Corps (18th, 20th, and 21st Mountain Cavalry Divisions), the 27th Mechanised Corps (9th and 53rd Tank Divisions and 221st Mechanised Division), the 58th Rifle Corps (68th, 83rd, 194th Mountain Rifle Divisions), and the independent 238th Rifle Division, and district troops, as well as the Air Forces of the Central Asian Military District. Under General Major M.P. Kharitonov, the Air Forces of the CAMD including 4th Aviation Brigade with 34th Bomber Aviation Regiment (SBs) (Tashkent) and 116th Regiment (I-153s) at Stalinabad).[1]
As part of the Central Asian Military District, 53rd Army invading Iran was described by the Combat composition of the Soviet Army as including 58th Rifle Corps (68th and 83rd Mountain Rifle Divisions, 389th Rifle Division), 4th Cavalry Corps (18th, 20th, 39th Cavalry Divisions), 44th Cavalry Division, and 72nd Independent Mountain Rifle Regiment (огсп) on 1 October 1941.[2]
The 74th and 75th (later to become the 27th Guards Rifle Division) Naval Rifle Brigades were formed in the district after a November–December 1941 People's Commissariat for Defence resolution.[3]
On 9 July 1945, the district was split into the Turkestan and Steppe Military Districts.
In August 1964, the headquarters of the 18th Guards Army was relocated to Alma-Ata, where it became the operational group of the Turkestan Military District.
Five months after the fighting on Damansky Island, a similar situation repeated on a smaller scale in East Kazakhstan Region Kazakh SSR at Lake Zhalanashkol (see Sino-Soviet border conflict). The Chinese side lost 19 people killed. Two Soviet border guards were killed.[4]
For this purpose, the leadership of the USSR Armed Forces took the following measures:[5]
With the Chinese threat growing, a new district was established. The operational group was converted back into the 18th Army (without the Guards designation) on 4 March 1969, but was used to activate the headquarters of the Central Asian Military District on 24 June 1969.[6][7]
Most of the forces in the district were deployed in the border areas with China. On sections of the border where the natural terrain facilitated the possible advance of the enemy, Fortified Regions were created, which were formations of machine-gun and artillery battalions in stationary positions.
In 1988 the CAMD included the 32nd Army and 17th Army Corps, and troops directly subordinate to district command. The 73rd Air Army provided air support, and air defence duties were carried out by the 12th and 14th Air Defence Armies. The 32nd Army (headquartered in Semipalatinsk) included a tank and three motor rifle divisions, anti-aircraft and missile brigades, artillery and rocket regiments, separate Flame-tank regiment, and others. The 17th Army Corps (headquartered in Frunze) included the 8th Guards Motor Rifle Division (Frunze), the 68th Motor Rifle Division (Sary Ozek), the 134th Motor Rifle Division (Dushanbe), the 68th Independent Motor Rifle Brigade (Osh), a mountain unit, and the 30th independent Motor Rifle Regiment (Kurdai in Dzhambulskaya Oblast).[8] District units included the 80th Guards Training Motor Rifle Division and cadre artillery, rear defence, and motor-rifle divisions, 5th, 107th, and 108th communications brigades, and the 126th Rocket Brigade of surface-to-surface missiles.
In addition, the 57th Air Assault Brigade was based at Aktogay.
Air units of the district were deployed to Afghanistan.[9]
The district was disestablished and its territory incorporated into the Turkestan Military District from 5 January 1989 on.[10] At that time it had the following structure:
District Command and Headquarters (Управление командующего и штаб) – Alma Ata, Kazakh SSR
The Ground Forces of the military district consisted of the 32nd CA Army and the 17th Army Corps. At the time of the fusion of the CAMD into the Turkestan Military District in 1989 they consisted of:
32nd Combined Arms Army (32-я общевойсковая армия)
Army Command and Headquarters (Управление командующего и штаб) – Semipalatinsk
17th Army Corps (17-й армейский корпус) (after the disintegration of the USSR the remnants of the corps became the foundation for the Armed Forces of the Kyrgyz Republic)
Corps Command and Headquarters (Управление корпуса и штаб) – Frunze
By Order of the Ministry of Defence of the Soviet Union (Приказ МО СССР) dating from January 5, 1980 and calling for an increased co-operation between the land and air forces by bringing them together "under common banners" (свести "под одни знамена" ВВС и сухопутные войска с целью повышения их взаимодействия) the tactical air forces have effectively become army aviation in their entirety and the previous commanders of the air armies becoming deputy military district commanders in charge of aviation. Correspondingly the 73rd Air Army was transformed into the Air Forces of the Central Asian Military District. This military reform was reversed as counter-productive and in May 1988 the AF CASM were reverted to the 73rd Air Army. It consisted of:[11][12][13]
73rd Air Army (73-я воздушная армия) – Alma Ata
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