Callithamnion is a genus of algae belonging to the family Callithamniaceae.[2]
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The genus was first described by Danish botanist Hans Christian Lyngbye in 1819,[2][3] and the type species is Callithamnion corymbosum (Smith) Lyngbye.,[2]
The genus has cosmopolitan distribution.[4] Species are found in Europe (including Norway and Great Britain,[5]), Australia,[6] America (including Massachusetts, New York, North Carolina and Georgia),[7] Newfoundland (Canada),[8] Sri Lanka and South Africa.[9][10]
The genus of Callithamnion has undergone 2 major changes in its history. Carl Nägeli (in 1861) transferred species without alternate branchlets to Antithamnion, Rhodochorton and Acrochaetium.[11] Then Genevieve Feldmann-Mazoyer in 1941 created genus Aglaothamnion for species having uninucleate cells, zig-zag carpogonial branches and lobed groups of carposporangia, and re-circumscribed Callithamnion. Aglaothamnion is now sometimes regarded as a synonym of Callithamnion with insufficient evidence for separate evolutionary lines of development.[2]
Callithamnion species are a marine red alga that is monaxial (having only one axis) with free filaments and the thalli are usually small tufts.[12]
They are also erect, up to 10 cm tall, with irregular branching and have multinucleate cells.[13]
In most species are gametophytes and sporophytes are found throughout the year, but are usually only fertile in the late summer and autumn.[8]
As accepted by WoRMS and AlgaeBase;[1][2]
- Callithamnion acutum Kylin, 1925
- Callithamnion aglaothamniodes Itono, 1971
- Callithamnion apiculatum P.L.Crouan & H.M.Crouan, 1878
- Callithamnion apiculatum Meneghini, 1844
- Callithamnion arborescens N.L.Gardner, 1927
- Callithamnion arrawarricum A.J.K.Millar, 1990
- Callithamnion axillare Schousboe
- Callithamnion biseriatum Kylin, 1925
- Callithamnion bisporum N.L.Gardner, 1927
- Callithamnion brachygonum Harvey, 1855
- Callithamnion callithamnioides (A.B.Joly & Ugadim) M.J.Wynne, 2005
- Callithamnion catalinense E.Y.Dawson, 1962
- Callithamnion caulescens (J.Agardh) Womersley, 1998
- Callithamnion circinnatum Womersley, 1998
- Callithamnion codicola Grunow
- Callithamnion colensoi Harvey, 1855
- Callithamnion collabens (Rudolphi) L.McIvor & Maggs, 2002[9]
- Callithamnion compactum E.Y.Dawson, 1962
- Callithamnion confertum Womersley, 1998
- Callithamnion consanguineum Harvey, 1855
- Callithamnion corymbosum (Smith) Lyngbye, 1819
- Callithamnion crispulum Harvey, 1855
- Callithamnion cryptopterum Kützing, 1849
- Callithamnion dasytrichum Montagne
- Callithamnion debile Harvey, 1855
- Callithamnion ecuadoreanum W.R.Taylor, 1945
- Callithamnion ellipticum Montagne, 1841
- Callithamnion elongellum Zanardini, 1846
- Callithamnion epiphyticum W.R.Taylor, 1945
- Callithamnion exiguum Stegenga, Bolton & R.J.Anderson, 1997
- Callithamnion fallax P.L.Crouan & H.M.Crouan, 1867
- Callithamnion flabellatum A.C.Brown & N.Jarman
- Callithamnion flagellare Zanardini
- Callithamnion gaudichaudii C.Agardh, 1828
- Callithamnion gracile J.D.Hooker & Harvey, 1845
- Callithamnion grande J.Agardh, 1842
- Callithamnion granulatum (Ducluzeau) C.Agardh, 1828
- Callithamnion griffithsioides (J.Agardh) H.B.S.Womersley, 1998
- Callithamnion hamelii Nasr, 1941
- Callithamnion hirtellum Zanardini, 1846
- Callithamnion hypneae P.L.Crouan & H.M.Crouan, 1865
- Callithamnion implicatum (Kützing) J.Agardh, 1851
- Callithamnion japonicum Noda, 1971
- Callithamnion kirillianum A.D.Zinova & Zaberzhinskaya, 1968
- Callithamnion korffense A.J.K.Millar, 1990
- Callithamnion lanceolatum (Derbès) Bertoloni
- Callithamnion larcinum Harvey, 1855
- Callithamnion lasioides Reinsch, 1875
- Callithamnion marshallense E.Y.Dawson, 1957
- Callithamnion mildbraedii Pilger, 1920
- Callithamnion montagnei J.D.Hooker, 1847
- Callithamnion mytili Schousboe
- Callithamnion nipponicum Noda, 1971
- Callithamnion octosporum C.Agardh, 1828
- Callithamnion pacificum W.R.Taylor, 1945
- Callithamnion parvulum P.L.Crouan & H.M.Crouan, 1867
- Callithamnion paschale Børgesen, 1924
- Callithamnion pedicellatum C.Agardh, 1828
- Callithamnion pennula Grunow, 1868
- Callithamnion perpusillum P.C.Silva, 1996
- Callithamnion pikeanum Harvey, 1853
- Callithamnion pinastroides
- Callithamnion pinnatum Womersley, 1998
- Callithamnion planum Montagne, 1837
- Callithamnion plumulum
- Callithamnion propebyssoides Womersley, 1998
- Callithamnion puniceum Harvey, 1855
- Callithamnion purpuriferum Harvey, 1838
- Callithamnion pylaisaeanum Montagne
- Callithamnion ramosissimum N.L.Gardner, 1927
- Callithamnion reductum Baardseth, 1941
- Callithamnion rigescens Zanardini
- Callithamnion roseum Harvey, 1849[7]
- Callithamnion rupicola C.L.Anderson, 1894
- Callithamnion rupinicola C.L.Anderson, 1894
- Callithamnion semicorticatum Baardseth, 1941
- Callithamnion shepherdii Womersley, 1998
- Callithamnion soccoriense W.R.Taylor, 1945
- Callithamnion spinuliferum Ardissone, 1888
- Callithamnion stuposum Suhr, 1840
- Callithamnion subsecundum Grunow, 1889
- Callithamnion subverticillatum Zanardini
- Callithamnion tetragonum (Withering) S.F.Gray, 1821
- Callithamnion tetricum (Dillwyn) S.F.Gray, 1821
- Callithamnion unilaterale Zanardini, 1846
- Callithamnion variegatum Suhr, 1840
- Callithamnion veleroae E.Y.Dawson, 1944
- Callithamnion vieillardii Kützing, 1863
- Callithamnion violaceum Harvey, 1859
Feldmann-Mazoyer, G. (1819). Tentamen hydrophytologiae danicae (in Latin). Hafniae, typis Schultzianis, in commissis Librariae Gyldendaliae.
Whittick, Alan (1981). "Culture and field studies on Callithamnion hookeri (Dillw.) S. F. Gray (Rhodophyta: Ceramiaceae) from Newfoundland". British Phycological Journal. 16 (3): 289–295. doi:10.1080/00071618100650311. Reddy, Maggie M.; Stegenga, Herre; Anderson, Robert J.; Bolton, John J. (6 October 2020). "An updated species inventory of Callithamnion sensu lato Rhodophyta, Callithamniaceae in South Africa with the description of Callithamnion africanum sp. nov". Phytotaxa. 461 (3). doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.461.3.1. Carl Nägeli, 1861, Beiträge zur Morphologie und Systematik des Ceramiaceae. Sber. bayer. Akad. Wiss. Jb. 1861, Vol. 1, pp. 297–415, Plate 1.
