Caledonian Railway 439 Class

The Caledonian Railway 439 Class is a class of 0-4-4T steam locomotive. It was a development of earlier Caledonian Railway 0-4-4T locomotives, including the 19 Class and 92 Class, and predecessor of the 431 Class. The 439 Class was introduced by John F. McIntosh in 1900 and a modified version was introduced by William Pickersgill in 1915.

Caledonian Railway 0-4-4T
The preserved Caledonian 439 Class at Bo’ness
Type and origin Power type Steam Designer John F. McIntosh Build date 1895–1925 Total produced 92
Specifications Configuration: ​  • Whyte 0-4-4T Gauge 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge Driver dia. 5 ft 9 in (1.753 m) Loco weight 53 long tons 16 cwt (120,500 lb or 54.7 t) to 59 long tons 12 cwt (133,500 lb or 60.6 t) Fuel type Coal Boiler pressure 180 psi (1,200 kPa) Cylinders Two, inside Cylinder size 18 in × 26 in (457 mm × 660 mm) or 18+1⁄4 in × 26 in (464 mm × 660 mm)
Performance figures Tractive effort 18,680 or 19,200 lbf (83.1 or 85.4 kN)
Career Class CR: 439 Power class 2P Disposition One preserved, remainder scrapped

Introduction

Ninety-two engines of the class were built between 1900 and 1925, a few under LMS auspices. Seventy-four Class 439s passed into British Railways ownership in 1948 and they were numbered 55159-55236 (with gaps).

Earlier versions

• 19 Class Introduced 1895
• 92 Class Introduced 1897, developed from 29 Class 0-6-0T

The 19 and 92 Classes were originally fitted with condensing apparatus for use on Glasgow Central Low Level lines. Twenty-four of them passed into British Railways ownership and they were numbered 55119-55146 (with gaps).

Later versions

In 1922 Pickersgill introduced the 431 Class with larger cylinders and a cast-iron front buffer beam for banking. This was possibly to move the centre of gravity forwards and put more weight on the driving wheels. However, it was unusual to use a large-wheeled 0-4-4T (rather than a small-wheeled 0-6-0T) for banking. The 431 Class was numbered 431–434 by the Caledonian, 15237–15240 by the LMS, and 55237–55240 by British Railways.

In 1925 the LMS introduced their own version of the 439 Class and these were numbered 55260–55269 by British Railways.

In the 431 and LMS classes, the cylinder bore was increased to 18+1⁄4 in (460 mm), increasing the tractive effort to 19,200 lbf (85,000 N).

Preservation

Caledonian Railway 419

One example, CR 419, (later LMS number 15189, BR 55189) has been preserved and is the flagship locomotive of the Scottish Railway Preservation Society.^[1]

See also

• Caledonian Railway 0-4-4T
• Locomotives of the Caledonian Railway

References

1. "0-4-4T Caledonian Railway, 439 Class No. 419 (BR No.55189)". The Scottish Railway Preservation Society. Retrieved 24 January 2021.

Sources

• Ian Allan ABC of British Railways Locomotives, 1948 edition, part 3, pages 45–46 and 1961 edition, part 3, page 54

External links

• Photos of 55189
• Class 2P-H Details at Rail UK