CGB2 (gene)

Choriogonadotropin subunit beta variant 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CGB2 gene.^[4][5]

CGB2
Identifiers
Aliases	CGB2, chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit 2, chorionic gonadotropin subunit beta 2
External IDs	OMIM: 608824; MGI: 96782; HomoloGene: 137643; GeneCards: CGB2; OMA:CGB2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 19 (human)[1] Band 19q13.33 Start 49,031,890 bp[1] End 49,033,238 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in gonad testicle right testis muscle of thigh putamen skeletal muscle tissue left testis placenta caudate nucleus hippocampus proper n/a More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function hormone activity Cellular component extracellular region extracellular space cytoplasm Biological process G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway cell-cell signaling hormone-mediated signaling pathway ovulation regulation of signaling receptor activity Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 114336 16866 Ensembl ENSG00000104818 ENSMUSG00000100916 UniProt Q6NT52 O09108 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_033378 NM_001319065 NM_008497 RefSeq (protein) NP_001305994 NP_203696 NP_032523 Location (UCSC) Chr 19: 49.03 – 49.03 Mb n/a PubMed search [2] [3]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

The beta subunit of chorionic gonadotropin (CGB) is encoded by six highly homologous and structurally similar genes that are arranged in tandem and inverted pairs on chromosome 19q13.3, and contiguous with the luteinizing hormone beta (LHB) subunit gene. The CGB genes are primarily distinguished by differences in the 5' untranscribed region. This gene was originally thought to be one of the two pseudogenes (CGB1 and CGB2) of CGB subunit, however, detection of CGB1 and CGB2 transcripts in vivo, and their presence on the polysomes, suggested that these transcripts are translated. To date, a protein product corresponding to CGB2 has not been isolated. The deduced sequence of the hypothetical protein of 132 aa does not share any similarity with that of functional CGB subunits.^[6] However, a 163 aa protein, translated from a different frame, is about the same size, and shares 98% identity with other CGB subunits.^[5]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000104818 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
3. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. Policastro P, Ovitt CE, Hoshina M, Fukuoka H, Boothby MR, Boime I (October 1983). "The beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin is encoded by multiple genes". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 258 (19): 11492–11499. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)44254-2. PMID 6194155.
5. "Entrez Gene: CGB2 chorionic gonadotropin, beta polypeptide 2".
6. Dirnhofer S, Hermann M, Hittmair A, Hoermann R, Kapelari K, Berger P (December 1996). "Expression of the human chorionic gonadotropin-beta gene cluster in human pituitaries and alternate use of exon 1". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 81 (12): 4212–4217. doi:10.1210/jcem.81.12.8954017. PMID 8954017.

Further reading

• Bo M, Boime I (February 1992). "Identification of the transcriptionally active genes of the chorionic gonadotropin beta gene cluster in vivo". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 267 (5): 3179–3184. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)50712-8. PMID 1371113.
• Policastro PF, Daniels-McQueen S, Carle G, Boime I (May 1986). "A map of the hCG beta-LH beta gene cluster". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 261 (13): 5907–5916. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)38469-7. PMID 2422163.
• Julier C, Weil D, Couillin P, Côté JC, Nguyen VC, Foubert C, et al. (1984). "The beta chorionic gonadotropin-beta luteinizing gene cluster maps to human chromosome 19". Human Genetics. 67 (2): 174–177. doi:10.1007/BF00272995. PMID 6204923. S2CID 25631308.
• Talmadge K, Boorstein WR, Fiddes JC (1984). "The human genome contains seven genes for the beta-subunit of chorionic gonadotropin but only one gene for the beta-subunit of luteinizing hormone". DNA. 2 (4): 281–289. doi:10.1089/dna.1983.2.281. PMID 6319099.
• Talmadge K, Vamvakopoulos NC, Fiddes JC (1984). "Evolution of the genes for the beta subunits of human chorionic gonadotropin and luteinizing hormone". Nature. 307 (5946): 37–40. Bibcode:1984Natur.307...37T. doi:10.1038/307037a0. PMID 6690982. S2CID 4282776.
• Dirnhofer S, Hermann M, Hittmair A, Hoermann R, Kapelari K, Berger P (December 1996). "Expression of the human chorionic gonadotropin-beta gene cluster in human pituitaries and alternate use of exon 1". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 81 (12): 4212–4217. doi:10.1210/jcem.81.12.8954017. PMID 8954017.
• Hallast P, Rull K, Laan M (January 2007). "The evolution and genomic landscape of CGB1 and CGB2 genes". Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 260–262 (9): 2–11. doi:10.1016/j.mce.2005.11.049. PMC 2599907. PMID 17055150.

External links

• Human CGB2 genome location and CGB2 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.