Bogda

For the 2018 film, see Bogda (film).

Bogda (German: Neuhof; Hungarian: Rigósfürdő, until 1899 Bogdarigós) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of six villages: Altringen, Bogda (commune seat), Buzad, Charlottenburg, Comeat and Sintar.

Bogda
Commune
Charlottenburg, the only Rundling in Banat
Location in Timiș County
Bogda Location in Romania
Coordinates: 45°58′27″N 21°35′31″E
Country	Romania
County	Timiș
Government
• Mayor (2020–2024)	Iasmin Iovănuț[1] (PSD)
Area [2]	78.67 km2 (30.37 sq mi)
Population  (2021-12-01)[3]	448
• Density	5.7/km2 (15/sq mi)
Time zone	EET/EEST (UTC+2/+3)
Postal code	307070–307076
Vehicle reg.	TM
Website	www.primariabogda.ro

History

The first recorded mention dates from 1436, under the name Bagd.^[4] Medieval documents record two villages, Felse Baagd and Alsö Baagd ("Upper Bogda" and "Lower Bogda"), which will later merge, so that in 1476 only Bagd is mentioned.^[5]

Until 1718, Bogda was administered by the Turks. Austro-Hungarians expelled the Turks and established their own administration here after 1718; native population was deprived of land, being employed on Hungarian counts' estates.^[6] The basic activities were timber exploitation, animal husbandry and cereal farming. On the Austrian maps of 1723 and 1761, it appears under the name Bogdan. Between 1770 and 1771, the entire area was included in the second large colonization with German population initiated by Queen Maria Theresa and her son Joseph II.^[7] Bogda received the name Neuhof.^[7] Sintar was called Buchberg (after Chancellor Eduard Buchberg), and Comeat was Lichtenwald (the Germans left the village in 1782).^[7] Charlottenburg, the only Rundling in Banat, was founded by 32 families from Trento, Lorraine and Baden-Württemberg.^[7] The existence of these villages is mainly due to Count Karl Ignaz Clay-Aldringen, appointed in 1769 president of the Banat administration. This is how one the villages will be called Altringen. Charlottenburg is named after Aldringen's wife. In fact, the two are the only localities whose names have not been Romanianized.^[7] In the 19th century, the owners of Bogda were Ede Altmann, then Ioan Steiner and Anton Negele. At the insistence of the latter, the Hungarian Interior Ministry change its name to Bogdarigós.

Between the two world wars, Buzad was incorporated into the commune, which until 1926 was under the administration of the commune of Hodoș. During this period, Bogda was a mixed Romanian-German village. It had a choir, a fanfare and a credit union. After World War II, the German community disintegrated, many emigrated, so that by the early 1990s there were no Germans left in Bogda.^[8] Overall, it has experienced a continuous decline, with a short period of prosperity caused by the industrialization of agriculture, but against the background of a continuous depopulation.^[8] Through the systematization policy of the communist regime, the commune of Bogda was abolished in May 1989 and passed into the administration of the commune of Mașloc. It was re-established in January 1990.^[6] The communists planned the demolition of the villages in order to build farms here, but this did not happen. Most of the abandoned houses were bought by the people of Timișoara, being transformed into holiday homes or guest houses.^[7]

Demographics

Ethnic composition (2011)^[9]

  Romanians (91.96%)

  Ukrainians (2.17%)

  Unknown (3.91%)

  Others (1.96%)

Religious composition (2011)^[10]

  Orthodox (91.96%)

  Roman Catholics (1.3%)

  Unknown (4.13%)

  Others (2.61%)

Bogda had a population of 460 inhabitants at the 2011 census, down 2% from the 2002 census. Most inhabitants are Romanians (91.96%), with a minority of Ukrainians (2.17%). For 3.91% of the population, ethnicity is unknown.^[9] By religion, most inhabitants are Orthodox (91.96%), with a minority of Roman Catholics (1.3%). For 4.13% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown.^[10]

Census[11]		Ethnic composition
Year	Population	Romanians	Hungarians	Germans	Ukrainians
1880	2,277	1,331	53	886	–
1890	2,460	1,474	95	867	–
1900	2,713	1,697	130	877	–
1910	2,655	1,709	133	803	–
1920	2,566	1,658	99	805	–
1930	2,471	1,713	66	677	–
1941	2,416	1,717	61	631	–
1956	1,939	1,465	48	425	–
1966	1,479	1,188	31	257	–
1977	1,053	836	27	136	33
1992	578	516	13	23	21
2002	470	434	8	11	12
2011	460	423	4	3	10

Gallery

• 
  Main street in Bogda
• 
  Orthodox church in Buzad
• 
  Charlottenburg

References

1. "Results of the 2020 local elections". Central Electoral Bureau. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
2. "Primăria Bogda". Ghidul Primăriilor.
3. "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
4. Szabó, M. Attila (2003). Erdély, Bánság és Partium történeti és közigazgatási helységnévtára. Miercurea Ciuc: Pro-Print Kiadó.
5. "Fișa Primăriei comunei Bogda". Consiliul Județean Timiș.
6. "Istorie". Primăria comunei Bogda.
7. Both, Ștefan (24 April 2018). "Ținutul șvăbesc care trebuia să dispară după planurile lui Ceaușescu. S-a transformat în sat de vacanță pentru oamenii cu bani de la Timișoara". Adevărul.
8. Barbu, Dinu (2013). Mic atlas al județului Timiș (5th ed.). Timișoara: Artpress. pp. 148–150. ISBN 978-973-108-553-1.
9. "Tab8. Populația stabilă după etnie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune". Institutul Național de Statistică. Archived from the original on 2016-01-18. Retrieved 2021-09-09.
10. "Tab13. Populația stabilă după religie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune". Institutul Național de Statistică. Archived from the original on 2020-08-07. Retrieved 2021-09-09.
11. Varga, E. Árpád. "Temes megye településeinek etnikai (anyanyelvi/nemzetiségi) adatai 1880-2002" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-06-10. Retrieved 2021-09-09.