Black Horse (Comanche)

Black Horse or Tu-ukumah (died c. 1900), was a Comanche war chief.^[1] After Bull Bear died in 1874, Black Horse was promoted to second chief in the Quahadi band of Comanche.

Black Horse, his wife, and daughter Akhah at Fort Marion Prison, St. Augustine, Florida, c. 1878

He surrendered to the United States Army at Fort Sill, Indian Territory, at the end of the Red River War in early 1875.^[1] He was then sent along with ten other Comanche to Fort Marion in St. Augustine, Florida. His wife and daughter Akhah were allowed to join him, although they were not considered prisoners. He was released from captivity and returned to the Comanche reservation in Indian Territory in 1878.^[2] Quanah Parker was only made Chief by the United States Army, because the Comanches did not want a Chief after captivity.

Death

Black Horse died around 1900 in Cache, Oklahoma Territory.^{[citation needed]}

References

1. H. Allen, Anderson. "Black Horse [Tu-Ukumah]". The Handbook of Texas. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved 19 December 2015.
2. Paul Howard Carlson, The buffalo soldier tragedy of 1877, 35