Bismuth(III) sulfide

Bismuth(III) sulfide (Bi₂S₃) is a chemical compound of bismuth and sulfur. It occurs in nature as the mineral bismuthinite.

Bismuth(III) sulfide

Names
IUPAC name Bismuth(III) sulfide
Other names Bismuth sulfide Dibismuth trisulfide
Identifiers
CAS Number	1345-07-9 Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	141425 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.014.287
EC Number	215-716-0
PubChem CID	16682960
UNII	XZC47M60X8 Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID601014434
InChI InChI=1S/2Bi.3S/q2*+3;3*-2 Y Key: YNRGZHRFBQOYPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y InChI=1/2Bi.3S/q2*+3;3*-2 Key: YNRGZHRFBQOYPP-UHFFFAOYAA
SMILES [BiH3+3].[BiH3+3].[S-2].[S-2].[S-2]
Properties
Chemical formula	Bi2S3
Molar mass	514.14 g·mol−1
Appearance	brown powder
Density	6.78 g/cm3[1]
Melting point	850 ˚C[1]
Solubility in water	insoluble
Solubility	soluble in acids
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	-123.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Irritant
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H315, H319, H335
Precautionary statements	P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P403+P233, P405, P501
Related compounds
Other anions	Bismuth(III) oxide Bismuth selenide Bismuth telluride
Other cations	Arsenic trisulfide Antimony trisulfide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Y verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references

Synthesis

Bismuth(III) sulfide can be prepared by reacting a bismuth(III) salt with hydrogen sulfide:

2 Bi³⁺ + 3 H₂S → Bi₂S₃ + 6 H⁺

Bismuth (III) sulfide can also be prepared by the reaction of elemental bismuth and elemental sulfur in an evacuated silica tube at 500 °C for 96 hours.

2 Bi + 3 S → Bi₂S₃

Properties

Bismuth(III) sulfide is isostructural with stibnite (stibnite is one of the forms of antimony(III) sulfide). Bismuth atoms are in two different environments, both of which have 7 coordinate Bismuth atoms, 4 in a near planar rectangle and three more distant making an irregular 7-coordination group.^[2]

It can react with acids to produce the odoriferous hydrogen sulfide gas.

Bismuth(III) sulfide may be produced in the body by the reaction of the common gastrointestinal drug bismuth subsalicylate with naturally occurring sulfides; this causes temporary black tongue when the sulfides are in the mouth and black feces when the sulfides are in the colon.

Uses

It is used as a starting material to produce many other bismuth compounds.^[3]

References

1. Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
2. Wells A.F. (1984) Structural Inorganic Chemistry, 5th edition Oxford Science Publications, ISBN 0-19-855370-6
3. Pradyot Patnaik. Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0-07-049439-8