2008 (MMVIII ) was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar , the 2008th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini 3rd millennium and the 21st century , and the 9th year of the 2000s decade.
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(March 2024 )
Clockwise from top-left: Lehman Brothers went bankrupt following the subprime mortgage crisis ; Cyclone Nargis kills upwards of 138,373 in Myanmar and became the 7th-deadliest cyclone of all time ; the 2008 Summer Olympics are held in Beijing , China whilst a series of unrest in Tibet was occurring against the games; an earthquake in Sichuan kills over 87,000 and became the 18th-deadliest earthquake of all time ; a destroyed Georgian T-72 tank during the Russo-Georgian War ; the Trident Hotel in Mumbai was the site of the November Mumbai attacks ; the Phoenix Mars ; poster in Pristina celebrating the Independence of Kosovo from Serbia .
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2008 was designated as:
The Great Recession , a worldwide recession which began in 2007 , continued through the entirety of 2008.
March 2 – Venezuela and Ecuador move troops to the Colombian border , following a Colombian raid against FARC guerrillas inside Ecuadorian territory, in which senior commander Raúl Reyes is killed.[23] [24] March 8 – Barisan Nasional loses two-thirds majority , for the first time since 1969 , to opposition during the 2008 Malaysian general election but still retains control of government. The coalition also loses majority control of five states to the opposition.[25] March 9 – The first European Space Agency Automated Transfer Vehicle , a cargo spacecraft for the International Space Station , launches from Guiana Space Centre in French Guiana .[26] March 19 – An Energy release of a Gamma-ray burst called the GRB 080319B is the brightest event ever recorded in the Universe .[27] March 24 – Bhutan holds its first-ever general elections following the adoption of a new Constitution which changed the country from an absolute monarchy to a multiparty democracy.[28] March 25 – African Union and Comoros forces invade the rebel-held island of Anjouan , returning the island to Comorian control.[29] April 29 – Grand Theft Auto IV [30] May 2 – Iron Man Marvel Cinematic Universe .May 3 – Cyclone Nargis passes through Myanmar , killing more than 138,000 people.[31] May 12 – An earthquake measuring 7.9 on the moment magnitude scale strikes Sichuan, China , killing an estimated 87,000 people.[32] May 20 –24 – The Eurovision Song Contest 2008 takes place in Belgrade , Serbia , and is won by Russian entrant Dima Bilan with the song "Believe ".May 21
May 25 – NASA 's uncrewed Phoenix Mars .[35] May 28 – The Legislature Parliament of Nepal votes overwhelmingly in favor of abolishing the country's 240-year-old monarchy , turning the country into a republic.[36] May 30 – International Convention on Cluster Munitions is adopted in Dublin.[37] June 7 –29 – Austria and Switzerland jointly host the UEFA Euro 2008 football tournament, which is won by Spain .June 11
June 14 – Expo 2008 opens in Zaragoza , Spain, lasting to September 14, with the topic "Water and sustainable development".[40] June 14 – A 6.9 magnitude earthquake in Iwate Prefecture , Japan , kills 12 and injures more than 400.[41] July 2 – Íngrid Betancourt and 14 other hostages are rescued from FARC rebels by Colombian security forces.[42] July 10 – Apple Inc. launches the App Store with 500 apps available at launch.[43] July 11 – South Korea suspends all trips to North Korea 's Mount Kumgang after a 53-year-old South Korean tourist is shot and killed by a North Korean sentry.[44] July 21 – Radovan Karadžić , the first president of the Republika Srpska , is arrested in Belgrade , Serbia , on allegations of war crimes, following a 12-year-long manhunt .[45] August 1
India and United States sign the historic Civil Nuclear deal .
Eleven mountaineers from international expeditions die on K2 , the second-highest mountain on Earth, in the worst single accident in the history of K2 mountaineering.[46] August 6 – President Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi of Mauritania is deposed in a military coup d'état .[47] August 7 – Georgia intervenes against Russian-backed separatists in its South-Ossetia and Abkhazia regions, causing Russia to invade Georgia and spark the Russo-Georgian war , the first major European land war of the 21st century.August 8 –24 – The 2008 Summer Olympics take place in Beijing , China.[48] August 20 – Spanair Flight 5022 crashes at Madrid–Barajas Airport , killing 154 people on board.September 5 – Quentin Bryce becomes the first female Governor-General of Australia .[49] September 10 – The proton beam is circulated for the first time in the Large Hadron Collider , the world's largest and highest-energy particle accelerator , located at CERN , near Geneva , under the Franco-Swiss border.[50] [51] September 13 – Hurricane Ike makes landfall as a category 2 hurricane in Texas , killing 113 and causing over $30 billion in damages.September 15 – Stocks fall sharply Monday on a triptych of Wall Street woe: Lehman Brothers ' bankruptcy filing, Merrill Lynch 's acquisition by Bank of America , and AIG 's unprecedented request for short-term financing from the Federal Reserve .[52] September 20 – A suicide truck bomb explosion destroys the Marriott Hotel in Islamabad , Pakistan , killing at least 54 and injuring 266.[53] [54] [55] September 28 – SpaceX Falcon 1 becomes the world's first privately developed space launch vehicle to successfully make orbit .[56] [57] October 3 – Global financial crisis : U.S. President George W. Bush signs the revised Emergency Economic Stabilization Act into law, creating a 700 billion dollar Treasury fund to purchase failing bank assets .[58] October 6 – A controversial Peruvian tape regarding a Norwegian oil company causes the 2008 Peru oil scandal , sparking protests which cause Jorge de Castillo to resign from office .[59] [60] [61] [62] October 21 – The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is officially inaugurated at Geneva .[63] [64] [65] [66] October 22 – The Indian Space Research Organisation successfully launches the Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft on a lunar exploration mission.[67] [68] October 30 – Floods affected in Northern Vietnam and Central Vietnam and lasted 5 days causing flooding in many provinces and cities .October
The Easyswap on-line local exchange trading system (LETS) website is officially launched in Switzerland.[69] November 1 – Satoshi Nakamoto publishes "Bitcoin : A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System".[70] November 2 – In a race won by Brazilian driver Felipe Massa , British driver Lewis Hamilton ends in 5th place in 2008 Brazilian Grand Prix and becomes the first black driver to win the Formula One World Championship, and the second youngest driver to achieve the feat at the age of 23.November 4 – 2008 United States presidential election : Democratic U.S. Senator Barack Obama defeats Republican candidate John McCain and is elected the 44th President of the United States , making him the first African-American to be elected to the office.[71] [72] [73] November 19 – Claudia Castillo of Spain becomes the first person to have a successful trachea transplant using a tissue-engineered organ .[74] November 20 – The Buzzard Coulee meteorite falls in Saskatchewan . Reported to be 5 times brighter than the full moon and is seen in Alberta, Manitoba, and even North Dakota.November 26 –29 – Members of Lashkar-e-Taiba carry out four days of coordinated bombing and shooting attacks across Mumbai , killing 164 people.[75] November 27 – XL Airways Germany Flight 888T . An Airbus A320 due to be redelivered to Air New Zealand stalls and crashes over Mediterranean Sea resulting the deaths of 7December 10 – The Channel Island of Sark , a British Crown dependency , holds its first fully democratic elections under a new constitutional arrangement, becoming the last European territory to abolish feudalism .[76] December 11 – Bernard Madoff is arrested for securities fraud after he was turned in by his sons for operating the largest Ponzi scheme in history, later known as the Madoff investment scandal .December 18 – The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda finds Théoneste Bagosora and two other senior Rwandan army officers guilty of genocide , crimes against humanity and war crimes and sentences them to life imprisonment for their role in the Rwandan genocide .[77] December 22 – An ash dike ruptured at a solid waste containment area for a Tennessee Valley Authority coal-fired power plant in Roane County, Tennessee , releasing 4.2 million m 3 (1.1 billion US gal) of coal fly ash slurry in the largest industrial spill in U.S. history.[78] December 23 – A military coup d'état deposes the government of Guinea shortly after the death of longtime President Lansana Conté .[79] December 27 – Israel invades the Gaza Strip , in response to rockets being fired into Israeli territory by Hamas , and due to weapons being smuggled into the area.[80] [81] [82] December 31 – An extra leap second (23:59:60) is added to end of the year. The last time this occurred was in 2005 . 
