Bichvinta mosaic
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The Bichvinta mosaic (Georgian: ბიჭვინთის მოზაიკა) is a 5th or 6th-century floor mosaic from the ruined early Christian church at a cape in the coastal town of Bichvinta or Pitsunda, anciently known as Pityus, in Abkhazia/Georgia. It depicts symbolic animals, birds, and plants.
History
The mosaic was discovered, in 1952, in a ruined 4th-century Byzantine three-nave basilica. Fragments of the mosaic pavements were preserved in the apse, the spacious narthex, and baptistery.[1] The surviving fragments were removed, restored, and laid on display at the Georgian National Museum in Tbilisi.[2]
The Pityus mosaic seems to have been inspired by the earlier Roman prototypes[3] and reveals close stylistic affinities with Syro-Palestinian mosaics.[1] The closest regional counterpart is the near-contemporaneous mosaic of the Tsromi Church in eastern Georgia.[4][3]
Description
The mosaic is made of rectangular pieces of local colored stone, with cleanly trimmed brick lime solution. The background is orange. A stylized Greek inscription mentions the donor, Oreli. The central piece of the apse mosaic is a large Christogram, with Alpha and Omega, flanked and framed by interwoven Acanthus foliage. To the left of the monogram there is a depiction of a blossoming plant twig with plants and birds. The composition is embellished with various geometric ornamentation.[5] The narthex mosaic contains several small areas depicting fishes and birds. The entrance was embellished with the image of a fountain with birds on either side. Other fragments depict stags and deer.[5]
References
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