Belt wrestling

Belt wrestling is a form of wrestling that is one of the oldest historically recorded sports. It involves two belted contestants aiming to take each other over by grappling with a belt.^[1] There are hundreds of national belt wrestling styles, but contemporary most widespread and internationally competed are Alysh and Kurash, developed by the previously nomadic Turkic peoples of Central Asia. United World Wrestling recognized Alysh wrestling as the primary international belt wrestling style. It is regulated globally by the International Federation of Wrestling on Belts Alysh, the sport's governing body. Although the sport has been practiced for millennia, and local championships were held in various places of the world, it was until 2001 when Bayaman Erkinbayev started its international version, and it was called "Alysh". Until 2005, Rif Gaynanov and Bayaman Erkinbayev developed this style together, and then the ways separated. Two different styles appeared named "Alysh" and "Kurash" belt wrestling. Since then, the sport has been included in the 2013 Summer Universiade program, recognized by the Asian Olympic Council, and contested at the Asian Games and Asian Indoor Games. The sport's executives struggle to promote it to the level of an official Olympic sport.

Belt wrestling

Focus	Wrestling
Famous practitioners	Gilgamesh, Kozhomkul, Ivan Poddubny, Qajymuqan
Olympic sport	No

History

Ancient times

Gilgamesh engages in a form of belt wrestling with Enkidu in the Epic of Gilgamesh written around 2000 BC about a king of Sumer who lived around 2800 to 2600 BC.^[2] One of the oldest recorded illustrations of wrestling is a bronze statuette, dated to around 2600 BC, found in 1938 at Khafaji, near Baghdad and now stored in the National Museum of Iraq.^[3][4] Chinese Tangshu chronicles also mention belt wrestling in the Medieval China circa the 11th century. In the 11th century the scholar and philosopher Avicenna wrote about this type of wrestling.

Present day

The International Federation

To accommodate the many variations of belt wrestling throughout the world, the philosophy of the new International Belt Wrestling Association (IBWA) founded in 2005 now headed by Mr. KHALIL AHMED KHAN of Pakistan has been simple and logical; it has adopted two sets of standard rules and a standard costume. Their reasoning is that some styles do not permit trips and some do. However, according to the new association, to compete without trips is called ‘classical style’ and with trips is called ‘free style’. The standard costume is an attractive feature, which allows for all styles to be completed so that no participant can conclude that his or her national style or costume has been slighted. IBWA unites all belt wrestling lovers in the world. Mr. Khalil Ahmed Khan is Chairman of Ad Hoc Advisory Committee Traditional Sports and Games, UNESCO and President of International Association of Traditional Wrestling Sports - IATWS. IATWS is a key partner of Traditional Sports and Games, UNESCO(Ref). The newly created official platform by UNESCO Advisory Committee on TSG is the "[ International Council of Traditional Sports and Games]" (ICTSG) has already awarded the membership to IATWS and IBWA. Belt Wrestling has been included in the First World Traditional Sports and Games Festival to be held in Astana- Kazakhstan 2021. The International Council of Traditional Sports and Games (ICTSG) is an international organization aiming to serve as an international platform for the preservation, promotion, and development of traditional sport and games (TSG) at the global level. It is the initiative of the UNESCO Advisory Committee and approved by UNESCO. These Games will be the first of their kind whilst giving a boost to tourism, local traditions, and culture of its Host Country. Anti-Doping in Traditional sports In today’s highly competitive sporting environment, athletes and athlete support personnel are under increasing pressure to do whatever it takes to win. ICTSG and UNESCO Convention against Doping in Sport are committed to preserve fair sport and to protect young people involved in traditional sports from the use of prohibited substances. Gender equality through Traditional sports Promoting gender equality and empowering women through traditional sports and games is one of ICTSG's main objectives. Khalil Ahmed Khan is President of the International Council of Traditional Sports and Games (ICTSG) and Shammi Rana is Secretary-General of the International Council of Traditional Sports and Games (Ref).

The rules and variation of the rules

Different parts of the world have different variations on certain rules in the sport. As the name suggests, the central component of the sport is a simple device, such as a belt, an ordinary towel, or girdle. For example, within Central Asia, Kuresh wrestling of Turkic people is popular. It is distinguished by throwing an opponent by tearing him away from the floor or from the mat without using one’s legs. Such rules are usually specific to that particular region. As a result, the rules of the game can differ between continents or even countries.

Former Honorary President of the International Association of Traditional Types of Sports Rif Gainanov once stated, "This type of wrestling will always be interesting. Every nation has its own coloring. One nation should not impose its own rules upon other countries and should respect other cultures and their customs".

However, today it is necessary to understand the differences between:

1. The rules of national wrestling in every single country or region, of which there are surely thousands of variations;
2. And a common, well-defined system of belt wrestling rules, which makes it possible for athletes from around the world to come together in a competition as equals.
3. The belt wrestling has been accredited as a "Traditional Sports" by the UNESCO Advisory Committee on TSG.

The sport today

Today wrestling, as a national sport, cannot be ascribed to any single country. In a similar way, people generally do not refer to soccer as an English sport or basketball to be American. Belt wrestling does not have any national boundaries. It is unique and gathering more and more fans. The circle of contestants is widening considerably. This is a spectacular and democratic sport and one that does not require much financial expenditure. An important fact is that the International Belt Wrestling Federation considerably lessened the number of injuries received by contestants since the introduction of the new rules. As it was proved, the correction of this or that wrestling rules popularized this kind of sport. Nowadays world and continental championships are being held in different parts of the world.

The sport is developing rapidly and has become so prominent that President Putin of Russia attended the 6th World Championships in Ufa, the capital of Bashkortostan, from 9 to 13 October 2007.

In America and Oceania the popularity of belt wrestling is no less than that in Iran, Turkey, Germany, Pakistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, Ukraine, Russia, Lithuania, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Togo, and Spain - countries which have already been the hosts of international competitions. This is how one more step towards the main aim - inclusion in the Olympic Games – is being made. Several years ago, very few people knew anything about belt wrestling. Today, the International Association is getting applications for holding tournaments from all corners of the globe. This is no surprise as now the army of admirers of this kind of sport unites more than eighty countries of the world.

The IBWA is an organization that serves as an international platform under the leadership of its President Khalil Ahmed Khan for the popularizing and developing traditional wrestling/belt wrestling throughout the world irrespective of race and political followings. The Association takes part in the exchanging of know-how, knowledge, information, and data, referring to the traditional wrestling/belt wrestling which, in turn, contributes to its development and popularization on local, national, regional and international levels. Belt Wrestling as a sport is recognized by the Asian Olympic Council from 2007 and is included in the program of Asian Martial Arts & Indoors Games 2017.

There are many types of traditional belt wrestling in the world, but by developing this sport's general rules under the leadership of Dr. Rif Gaynanov (†) former President, and Khalil Ahmed Khan current President of IBWA/IATWS became a real home for all types of traditional belt wrestling in the world and a common platform for developing and promoting new-old sport discipline – belt wrestling.

Today IBWA governs different belt wrestling disciplines: freestyle, classical style, female belt wrestling, beach belt wrestling, snow belt wrestling in five age groups: cadets, juniors, students, seniors, and veterans in 12 weight categories (7 for men and 5 for women).

All IBWA events are with the line of the IOC vision which include seven components: sport – belt wrestling competition, culture – folklore youth festival and competition on local traditional wrestling style, science – scientific conference on developing and promotion of traditional sport and game, environment – tree planting action "Plant-for-the-Planet" or beach cleaning action "Creation" with art exhibition, sport for development and peace – training seminars between border conflict/post-war countries under the slogan "Play for Peace", healthy lifestyle promotion - Olympic mile "Fun Run", youth – youth leadership forum " New generation of leadership".

Belt wrestling is also one of the disciplines of the Worldwide Nomad Games.

Asian Belt Wrestling Federation(ABWF) is continental body of International Belt Wrestling Association and International Association of Traditional Wrestling Sports.H.E. Khalil Ahmed Khan is President of Asian Belt Wrestling Federation and Shammi Rana Secretary-General of Asian Belt Wrestling Federation and Rapporteur of Traditional Sports and Games, UNESCO^[5] ABWF.^[6] The Belt Wrestling has been treated and accepted as the old traditional sports in the Central Asia region.

Amateur Belt Wrestling Federation of India Executive Board meeting of Amateur Belt Wrestling Federation of India^[7] was held under the Chairmanship of Dr. SM Bali, Joint Secretary Indian Olympic Association^[8] at Hotel Ashoka on 16/01/2017 and Shammi Rana, Secretary-General Asian Belt Wrestling Federation^[9](ABWF).Dr. SM Bali was elected as President, Aman Kumar Sharma Vice President and Tarsem Sharma elected as Secretary-General of Amateur Belt Wrestling Federation of India

Competitions

Multi-sport events

Worldwide

• Summer Universiade (details)
• World Combat Games
• World Martial Arts Masterships
• World Nomad Games
• World Wrestling Games

Regional

• Asian Games (details)
• Asian Beach Games
• Asian Indoor Games
• Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games

Sub-Regional

• Southeast Asian Games
• North East Olympic Games

World Belt Wrestling Championships

Senior

The first edition of the championships in 2002 saw competition in the openweight, therefore only two events were contested (men and women.) The 2003' championships were subdivided into weight classes, but because of the rules of the host country no women competition was allowed. Since 2003 the prize money totalling several hundred thousand U.S. dollars was contested among participating teams. Since the 2005' edition onwards the championships were contested in freestyle (belts) and classic style (kushaks.) The 2008' edition saw championships contested at an open-air competition area, on sand, in 45 °C (113 °F) air temperature.^[10]

Alysh

Edition	Year	Dates	City and host country	Venue	Events	Countries	Athletes	Team champion
I	2002	21–22 September	Osh, Kyrgyzstan	Suyumbayev Stadion	2	21		Russia
								Turkmenistan
II	2003	19–21 December	Tehran, Iran	Azadi Indoor Stadium	4			Russia
III	2004	17–18 December	Istanbul, Turkey		9			Russia
IV	2005	28 September – 2 October	Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia	Basket-Hall	25	44	200+	Russia
V	2006	3–5 November	Almaty, Kazakhstan	Baluan Sholak Sports Palace	25	43	130	Russia
VI	2007	9–13 October	Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia	Ufa Arena		60
VII[11]	2008	18–22 November	Lome, Togo	Stade de Kégué	15	40+		Russia
	2009[a]	11–13 September	Šiauliai, Lithuania	Šiauliai Arena	4
VIII[12]		24–26 October	Tashkent, Uzbekistan	Uzbekistan Sports Complex	26	68	400+	Russia
	2010
IX	2011	13–16 October	Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan	Kozhomkul Sports Palace	19	19	175
X	2012	26–30 September	Astana, Kazakhstan	Daulet Sports Complex	19	32	300+
XI	2013	13–16 November	Salavat, Bashkortostan, Russia	Neftehimik Sports Palace	17	38	300+	Russia
XII	2014	19–24 November	Ashgabat, Turkmenistan	Galkynysh Sports Complex
XIII	2015	19–22 November	Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia	Ak Bars Martial Arts Palace	19	18	140+
XIV	2016	28–30 October[13][14][15]	Naberezhnye Chelny, Tatarstan, Russia	Ice Sports Palace	19	43	250+	Russia
XV	2017	21–24 July	Astana, Kazakhstan	Daulet Sports Complex				Russia
XVI	2018	26–27 October	Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia	Ak Bars Martial Arts Palace		38	200
XVII	2019	17–24 December	Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan	Daulet Sports Complex	12	27	275	Kyrgyzstan
XVIII	2020	TBA	TBA					TBD

Kurash

Edition	Year	Dates	City and host country	Venue	Events	Countries	Athletes	Team champion
I	2010	21–23 May	Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia	Ak Bars Martial Arts Palace	5	16		Russia
II
III	2014	6–7 December	Orenburg, Russia	Olimpiysky Sports Palace		25
IV[16]	2015		Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia	Ak Bars Martial Arts Palace		20	64	Russia
	2019	31 October – 3 November	Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia	Ak Bars Martial Arts Palace	13	42	230
			Minger, Tatarstan, Russia	MINGER Sabantuy Grounds

Goresh

Edition	Year	Dates	City and host country	Venue	Events	Countries	Athletes	Team champion
I	2009[b]	11–13 September	Šiauliai, Lithuania	Šiauliai Arena	4
II	2015	10–15 December	Orenburg, Russia	Olimpiysky Sports Palace		30	160+	Turkmenistan
III	2016	29–30 October	Naberezhnye Chelny, Tatarstan, Russia	Ice Sports Palace	13	19	38	Russia
	2019	September	Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia	Dynamo Stadium

Multi-style

Edition	Year	Dates	City and host country	Venue	Events	Countries	Athletes	Team champion
	2015	9–12 October	Bialystok, Poland		23
	2016[c]	7–8 September	Cholpon-Ata, Kyrgyzstan	Equestrian Hippodrome	23
	2018[d]	1–3 September	Cholpon-Ata, Kyrgyzstan	Equestrian Hippodrome	23
	2020[e]		Turkey

Open

Youth

Junior

Edition	Year	Dates	City and host country	Venue	Events	Countries	Athletes	Team champion
	2006	17–19 November	Saransk, Mordovia, Russia
	2011	11–14 August	Astrakhan, Russia
	2012		São Paulo, Brazil
	2013	8–11 November	Cherkessk, Karachay-Cherkessia, Russia
	2014	22–24 August	Ulyanovsk, Russia
	2017	25–28 December	Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia

Cadet

Edition	Year	Dates	City and host country	Venue	Events	Countries	Athletes	Team champion
	2005	December	Tehran, Iran
	2008	12–15 December	Moscow, Russia
	2012	9–12 August	Ryazan, Russia
	2013	13–15 December	Nizhnekamsk, Tatarstan, Russia
	2014	13–16 December	Tyulyachi, Tatarstan, Russia
	2016	26–28 November	Astana, Kazakhstan

Belt Wrestling World Cup

Edition	Year	Dates	City and host country	Venue	Events	Countries	Athletes	Team champion
	2007	13–14 October	Karachayevsk, Karachay-Cherkessia, Russia
	2010	3–6 December	Oktyabrsky, Bashkortostan, Russia	Oktyabrsky Sports Palace
	2011	17–20 November	Oktyabrsky, Bashkortostan, Russia	Oktyabrsky Sports Palace
	2012	8–10 November	Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia	Dynamo Stadium		22	120
	2014	5–7 December	Orenburg, Russia	Gazovik Sports Palace		26	300+
	2015	24–28 September	Alushta, Crimea, Russia
	2016	10–11 December	Minsk, Belarus
	2017[f]	26–28 May	Orenburg, Russia		12	8	140	Tajikistan

Regional Championships

African Championships

Edition	Year	Dates	City and host country	Venue	Styles	Events	Countries	Athletes	Team champion
	2017	18–19 May	Cape Town, South Africa		AL, KK, BW

Asian

Edition	Year	Dates	City and host country	Venue	Styles	Events	Countries	Athletes	Team champion
I	2011		Mashhad, Iran		KK
	2015	6–7 August	Tehran, Iran		AL
	2016	25–26 June

• Amateur Belt Wrestling Federation India holds meeting^[17]

European

Further information: European Wrestling Championships § European_Alysh_Championship

Pan-American

Edition	Year	Dates	City and host country	Venue	Styles	Events	Countries	Athletes	Team champion
	2015	12–15 November	Buenos Aires, Argentina		BW

See also

• Jacket wrestling

References

1. Jeremy Black; Anthony Green (1992). Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia: An Illustrated Dictionary. University of Texas Press. pp. 187–. ISBN 978-0-292-70794-8. Retrieved 26 September 2012.
2. Nigel B. Crowther (2007). Sport in Ancient Times. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 15–. ISBN 978-0-275-98739-8. Retrieved 26 September 2012.
3. Faraj Baṣmahʹjī (1975). Treasures of the Iraq Museum. Al-Jumhuriya Press. Retrieved 26 September 2012.
4. David Gilman Romano (1993). Athletics and Mathematics in Archaic Corinth: The Origins of the Greek Stadion. American Philosophical Society. pp. 10–. ISBN 978-0-87169-206-1. Retrieved 26 September 2012.
5. UNESCO (12 February 2020). "Traditional Sports and Games". UNESCO. Archived from the original on 6 October 2020. Retrieved 23 September 2021.
6. "home". 25 April 2018. Archived from the original on 25 April 2018. Retrieved 23 September 2021.
7. Excelsior, Daily (15 January 2017). "Amateur Belt Wrestling Federation holds meeting". Jammu Kashmir Latest News | Tourism | Breaking News J&K. Retrieved 23 September 2021.
8. Association., Indian Olympic (c. 1976). India : tracks to success. [éditeur non identifié]. OCLC 716217318.
9. "home". 25 April 2018. Archived from the original on 25 April 2018. Retrieved 23 September 2021.
10. Чемпионат мира по борьбе на поясах 2008, Ломе, Того 18-22.11. :: Sporta-Klubi.lv (in Russian)
11. "Чемпионат мира по борьбе на поясах 2008, Ломе, Того 18-22.11. :: Sporta-Klubi.lv". 25 December 2019. Archived from the original on 25 December 2019. Retrieved 5 April 2024.
12. "Чемпионат мира по борьбе на поясах 2009 Узбекистан, Ташкент 22-27.10 :: Sporta-Klubi.lv". 6 November 2019. Archived from the original on 6 November 2019. Retrieved 5 April 2024.
13. "Всероссийская федерация борьбы на поясах". 23 November 2016. Archived from the original on 23 November 2016. Retrieved 5 April 2024.
14. "Photos of the XIV World Belt Wrestling Championship and the III World Goresh Championship". ibwa-w.com. Retrieved 5 April 2024.
15. "Протоколы XIV Чемпионата мира по борьбе на поясах". Archived from the original on 12 January 2017. Retrieved 5 April 2024.
16. "IV World Koresh Championship 2015". 12 July 2020. Archived from the original on 12 July 2020. Retrieved 5 April 2024.
17. Excelsior, Daily (15 January 2017). "Amateur Belt Wrestling Federation holds meeting". Daily Excelsior. Retrieved 5 April 2024.

Notes

1. 2009 Alysh Belt Wrestling event was a part of the 4th FILA World Wrestling Games.
2. 2009 Goresh Belt Wrestling Championships were a part of the 4th FILA World Wrestling Games.
3. 2016 BWUWW Championships were a part of the 2nd World Nomad Games.
4. 2018 BWUWW Championships were a part of the 3rd World Nomad Games.
5. 2020 BWUWW Championships would be a part of the 4th World Nomad Games.
6. 2017 Belt Wrestling World Cup was part of the International Festival of National Wrestling styles.

External links

• International Belt Wrestling Koresh Federation at the Wayback Machine (archived 2020-10-20)

• Federation of Belt Wrestling of the Republic of Tatarstan - About (in Russian)
• History of belt wrestling