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Queen of Umma From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bara-irnun (𒁈𒅕𒉣 bara-ir-nun) was queen of the Sumerian city-state of Umma and wife of king Gishakidu, circa 2400 BCE.[1] She is particularly known from a gold votive plate, in which she describes her genealogy in great detail.[1] The inscription on the plate reads:
For (the god) Shara, lord of the E-mah: when Bara-irnun - wife of Gishakidu, king of Umma, daughter of Ur-Lumma, king of Umma, grand-daughter of Enakalle, king of Umma, daughter-in-law of Il, king of Umma - had made Shara resplendent and had built him a holy throne, for her life, to Shara, in the E-Mah, she offered (this ornament).
The original royal line of Umma consisted in the filiation of Enakalle (possibly son of Ush) and his own son Ur-Lumma.[6][3] When Ur-Lumma died, presumably without a son but certainly with a daughter named Bara-irnum, the throne was handed over to Il, son of Eanandu (who had no regnal title) and grandson (or nephew) of Enakalle.[3][6] King Il was then succeeded by his own son Gishakidu.[3] Bara-irnum married her cousin Gishakidu, thus re-uniting both strands of the royal family by a marital alliance.[3][6]
The plaque is the first known mention of Shara, tutelary god of Umma.[1]
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