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Reciprocating internal combustion engine From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The BMW N63 is a twin-turbocharged petrol V8 engine which has been in production from 2008 to present. The N63 is the world's first production car engine to use a "hot-vee" layout, with the turbochargers located inside the "V" of the engine. It is also BMW's first turbocharged petrol V8 engine. The engine has been widely noted for its mechanical issues, undergoing several recalls.[1][2][3][4][5][6]
| BMW N63 engine | |
|---|---|
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| Overview | |
| Production | 2008–present |
| Layout | |
| Configuration | 90° V8 |
| Displacement | 4.0 L (3,982 cc) 4.4 L (4,395 cc) |
| Cylinder bore | 89 mm (3.50 in) |
| Piston stroke | 80 mm (3.15 in) 88.3 mm (3.48 in) |
| Cylinder block material | Aluminium |
| Cylinder head material | Aluminium |
| Valvetrain | DOHC w/ VVT |
| Combustion | |
| Turbocharger | Twin-turbo |
| Fuel type | Petrol |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | BMW N62 |
The N63 replaced the BMW N62 (a naturally aspirated V8 engine) and was first used in the 2008 X6 xDrive50i.[7]
The S63 engine is the BMW M high-performance version of the N63.
Alpina versions of the N63 are used in various F01 7 Series, F10 5 Series, G11 7 Series, G15 8 Series and G30 5 Series models.
The airflow path through the engine uses a "hot-vee" layout, where the exhaust manifolds and turbochargers are located between the cylinder banks (on the "inside" of the V8) and the intake manifolds are located on the outside of the engine.[8] This is opposite to the traditional layout for a V8, where the intake is inside the "V" and the exhaust manifold is on the outside. The hot-vee layout reduces the width of the engine and decreases the exhaust runner length from the exhaust valves to the turbochargers. The engine uses air-to-water intercoolers, therefore improving throttle response.[7][9]
Similar to the N54B30, the initial N63 (including the S63) did not use Valvetronic (variable valve lift) because its benefit of reducing of intake vacuum is not as important in turbocharged engines.[10] Due to the presence of turbocharging, the N63 does not use a variable-length intake manifold.
The N63 is BMW's first V8 engine to use direct injection.
The N63/S63 uses a bore of 89 mm (3.50 in) and a stroke of 88.3 mm (3.48 in) [except for the Chinese market 89 mm (3.50 in) and a stroke of 80 mm (3.15 in)].
In 2012, a "Technical Update" was applied to the N63, resulting in the N63TU variants (also known as N63B44O1). The main upgrade was the addition of Valvetronic.[11][12] Other changes include revised turbochargers, removal of the blowoff valve, lighter pistons, forged connecting rods and crankshaft, addition of a valve cover labyrinth oil catch/return system, new valve stem seals, revised fuel system and addition of a second coolant pump.[10]
A second Technical Update occurred in 2016, resulting in the N63TU2 variants (also known as N63B44O2). The major changes are the use of twin-scroll turbochargers, a wider powerband and the oil/coolant heat exchanger being moved to within the "V" of the engine.[13]
A third Technical Update was introduced in 2018. Two variants are offered: N63B44M3[14] and N63B44T3.[15] N63B44M3 features improved thermal shielding for the crankcase and the cylinder head, and a new ignition system. The N63B44T3 gains higher pressure (5000psi) injectors, larger twin-scroll turbochargers, a redesigned intake manifold, and an upstream cooling radiator.
| Engine | Displacement | Power | Torque | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N63B40A | 3,982 cc | 300 kW (402 hp) at 5,500 rpm | 600 N⋅m (443 lb⋅ft) at 1,750-4,500 rpm | 2012–2015 |
| 331 kW (444 hp) at 5,500 rpm | 650 N⋅m (479 lb⋅ft) at 1,750-4,500 rpm | |||
| N63B44O0 | 4,395 cc | 300 kW (402 hp) at 5,500-6,400 rpm | 600 N⋅m (443 lb⋅ft) at 1,750-4,500 rpm | 2008–2013 |
| N63B44O1 | 331 kW (444 hp) at 5,500-6,000 rpm | 650 N⋅m (479 lb⋅ft) at 2,000-4,500 rpm | 2013–2016 | |
| N63B44O2 | 650 N⋅m (479 lb⋅ft) at 1,800-4,500 rpm | 2016–2020 | ||
| N63B44M3 | 340 kW (456 hp) at 5,250-6,000 rpm | 650 N⋅m (479 lb⋅ft) at 1,500-4,750 rpm | 2018–present | |
| N63B44T3 | 390 kW (523 hp) at 5,500-6,000 rpm | 750 N⋅m (553 lb⋅ft) at 1,800-4,600 rpm | ||
| S63B44O0 | 408 kW (547 hp) at 6,000 rpm | 680 N⋅m (502 lb⋅ft) at 1,500-5,650 rpm | 2010–2013 | |
| S63B44T0 | 412 kW (553 hp) at 6,000-7,000 rpm | 680 N⋅m (502 lb⋅ft) at 1,500-5,750 rpm | 2011–2018 | |
| S63B44T2 | 423 kW (567 hp) at 6,000-6,500 rpm | 750 N⋅m (553 lb⋅ft) at 2,200-5,000 rpm | 2015–2018 | |
| S63B44T4 | 441 kW (591 hp) at 5,600-6,700 rpm | 750 N⋅m (553 lb⋅ft) at 1,800-5,600 rpm | 2018–present | |
| 460 kW (617 hp) at 5,600-6,700 rpm | 750 N⋅m (553 lb⋅ft) at 1,800-5,800 rpm | 2019–present[16] | ||
This smaller variant was sold in the Chinese market. Due to a shorter stroke length of 80 mm (3.15 in), the capacity is reduced to 3,982 cc (243.0 cu in).[17]
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The initial version of the N63 produces 300 kW (402 bhp) and 600 N⋅m (443 lb⋅ft).
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The first technical update resulted in an increase of 31 kW (42 bhp) and 50 N⋅m (37 lb⋅ft).
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The second technical update resulted in peak torque being produced over a 200 rpm wider band.
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| BMW S63 engine | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Production | 2009-present |
| Layout | |
| Configuration | 90° V8 |
| Displacement | 4.4 L (4,395 cc) 3.9 L (3,912 cc) |
| Cylinder bore | 89 mm (3.50 in) |
| Piston stroke | 88.3 mm (3.48 in) |
| Valvetrain | DOHC w/ VVT |
| Combustion | |
| Turbocharger | Twin-turbo |
| Fuel type | Petrol |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | BMW S65 |
| Successor | BMW S68 (for S63B44 any Model) |
The S63 is the BMW M version of the N63, which debuted in the BMW X6 M and was used in the BMW M5 models from 2011 to 2023. The S63 uses two twin-scroll turbochargers plus a pulse tuned, cross-engine exhaust manifold[8] to keep constant exhaust pulses flowing to the turbos at every 180 degree rotation.
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A technical update to the S63, known as the S63B44T1, debuted on the F10 M5 sedan. This version uses Valvetronic,[22] a 10:1 compression ratio (compared with 9.3:1 for the non-TU version) and 1.5 bar of boost (compared with 1.3).[23] It is the first BMW M engine to use Valvetronic. The rev limit was increased from 6800 rpm to 7200 rpm.[24]
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The S63B44T2 debuted on the 2015 X5 M and X6 M models.[25]
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The S63B44T4 debuted on the 2018 M5.[26]
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| BMW P63 engine | |
|---|---|
| Overview | |
| Production | 2018-present |
| Layout | |
| Configuration | 90° V8 |
| Displacement | 4.0 L (3,982 cc) |
| Cylinder bore | 89 mm (3.50 in) |
| Piston stroke | 80 mm (3.15 in) |
| Valvetrain | DOHC w/ VVT |
| Combustion | |
| Turbocharger | Twin-turbo |
| Fuel type | Petrol |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | None |
The P63 is the BMW Motorsport version of the N63, which debuted in the BMW M8 GTE.
Alpina uses a variant of the N63 engine, which was hand-assembled at the Alpina plant in Buchloe before being transported to the BMW production line.[27]
For the 2013 model year, the Alpina engine received Valvetronic like all other N63 engines.[28]
| Engine | Power | Torque | Compression ratio | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M1 | 373 kW (500 bhp) at 5,500 rpm | 700 N⋅m (516 lb⋅ft) at 3,000-4,750 rpm | 9.2:1 | 2009–2012 |
| M1/1 | 397 kW (532 bhp) at 5,200-6,250 rpm | 730 N⋅m (538 lb⋅ft) at 2,800-5,000 rpm | 2012–2014 | |
| M2, M2/1 | 10.0:1 | 2012–2015 | ||
| M2/2 | 441 kW (591 bhp) at 6,000 rpm | 800 N⋅m (590 lb⋅ft) at 3,500-4,500 rpm | 2015- | |
| M5[29] (N63M30) | 447 kW (599 bhp) at 5,750-6,250 rpm | 800 N⋅m (590 lb⋅ft) at 3,000-5,000 rpm |
2016- | |
| M5/1 (N63B44T3 type)[30] |
456 kW (612 bhp) at 5,500-6,500 rpm |
800 N⋅m (590 lb⋅ft) at 2,000-5,000 rpm |
10.5:1 | 2020- |
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The Alpina engine code is N63M30A.
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An evolution of this engine, with better power delivery, is of the N63B44T3 type.
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In December 2014, BMW North America released a voluntary recall ("Customer Care Package") relating to issues with timing chain stretch, fuel injectors, mass air flow sensors, crankcase vent lines, battery, engine vacuum pump, low pressure fuel sensor and revising the oil service interval.[39]
In 2019 NHTSA addressed the multitude of issues with BMW N63 engines, various class action lawsuits in tow, and never officially declared a mass recall in regard to valve seal issues inherent in the N63 line.[40]
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