Ayer Hitam (state constituency)

Ayer Hitam is a state constituency in Kedah, Malaysia, that is represented in the Kedah State Legislative Assembly.^[1]

Ayer Hitam

Kedah constituency
State constituency
Legislature	Kedah State Legislative Assembly
MLA	Azhar Ibrahim PN
Constituency created	1994
First contested	1995
Last contested	2023
Demographics
Electors (2023)	37,819

Demographics

Ethnic breakdown of Ayer Hitam's electorate as of 2023^[2]

  Malay (90.24%)

  Chinese (6.58%)

  Other ethnicities (3.09%)

  Indian (0.09%)

History

Polling districts

According to the gazette issued on 30 March 2018, the Ayer Hitam constituency has a total of 18 polling districts.^[3]

State constituency	Polling districts	Code	Location
Ayer Hitam (N04)	Padang Sera	005/04/01	SK Siputeh
	Kampung Melele	005/04/02	SMA Nahdhah Hasanah Melele, Padang Sera
	Kampung Putat	005/04/03	SK Putat
	Kampung Imam	005/04/04	SMK Megat Dewa
	Telaga Batu	005/04/05	SMK Tuanku Seri Indera Putera
	Padang Perahu	005/04/06	SK Padang Perahu
	Kampung Pida	005/04/07	SK Pida Tiga
	Kampung Gurindam	005/04/08	SK Pulau Chapa
	Alor Biak	005/04/09	SJK (C) Yuh Min
	Kubang Sepat	005/04/10	SK Seri Muda
	Lana Bulu	005/04/11	SK Dato' Sri Syed Ahmad
	Permatang Paku	005/04/12	SK Matang Paku
	Matang Bonglai	005/04/13	SK Tunku Laksamana
	Jerlun	005/04/14	SK Jerlun
	Lubok Pinang	005/04/15	SK Ayer Hitam
	Pekan Ayer Hitam	005/04/16	SJK (C) Yuh Min
	Kampung Gandai	005/04/17	SMK Ayer Hitam
	Kubang Nipah	005/04/18	SMK Jerlun

Representation history

Members of the Legislative Assembly for Ayer Hitam
Parliament	Years	Member	Party
Constituency created from Jerlun
9th	1995–1999	Abdul Rahman Ariffin	BN (UMNO)
10th	1999–2004	Abdul Ghani Ahmad	PAS
11th	2004–2008	Othman Aziz	BN (UMNO)
12th	2008–2013	Abdul Ghani Ahmad	PR (PAS)
13th	2013–2016	Mukhriz Mahathir	BN (UMNO)
	2016–2018		PH (BERSATU)
14th	2018–2020	Azhar Ibrahim	PAS
	2020–2023		PN (PAS)
15th	2023–present

Election results

Kedah state election, 2023

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	PN	Azhar Ibrahim	22,078	78.34	78.34
	BN	Hayazi Azizan	6,105	21.66	7.06
Total valid votes			28,183	100.00
Total rejected ballots			163
Unreturned ballots			23
Turnout			28,369	75.01	8.78
Registered electors			37,819
Majority			15,973	56.68	54.54
	PN hold		Swing		?

Kedah state election, 2018

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	PAS	Azhar Ibrahim	9,229	36.71	8.53
	PH	A.Aziz Mohammad	8,692	34.57	34.57
	BN	Abu Hassan Sharif	7,220	28.72	26.04
Total valid votes			25,141	100.00
Total rejected ballots			372
Unreturned ballots			118
Turnout			25,631	83.79	4.81
Registered electors			30,588
Majority			537	2.14	7.38
	PAS gain from BN		Swing		?

Kedah state election, 2013

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	BN	Mukhriz Mahathir	14,083	54.76	5.98
	PAS	Abdul Ghani Ahmad	11,637	45.24	5.98
Total valid votes			25,720	100.00
Total rejected ballots			382
Unreturned ballots			98
Turnout			26,196	88.60	6.36
Registered electors			29,567
Majority			2,446	9.52	7.08
	BN gain from PAS		Swing		?

Kedah state election, 2008

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	PAS	Abdul Ghani Ahmad	10,652	51.22	3.30
	BN	Othman Aziz	10,146	48.78	3.30
Total valid votes			20,798	100.00
Total rejected ballots			352
Unreturned ballots			21
Turnout			21,170	82.24	1.70
Registered electors			25,742
Majority			506	2.44	1.72
	PAS gain from BN		Swing		?

Kedah state election, 2004

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	BN	Othman Aziz	10,759	52.08	2.50
	PAS	Abdul Ghani Ahmad	9,899	47.92	2.50
Total valid votes			20,658	100.00
Total rejected ballots			277
Unreturned ballots			0
Turnout			20,934	83.94	5.64
Registered electors			24,939
Majority			860	4.16	3.31
	BN gain from PAS		Swing		?

Kedah state election, 1999

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	PAS	Abdul Ghani Ahmad	8,558	50.42	5.65
	BN	Abdul Rahman Ariffin	8,414	49.58	5.65
Total valid votes			16,972	100.00
Total rejected ballots			369
Unreturned ballots			5
Turnout			17,346	78.30	2.47
Registered electors			22,153
Majority			144	0.85	9.61
	PAS gain from BN		Swing		?

Kedah state election, 1995

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	BN	Abdul Rahman Ariffin	9,069	55.23
	PAS	Hashim Osman	7,352	44.77
Total valid votes			16,421	100.00
Total rejected ballots			296
Unreturned ballots			8
Turnout			16,724	75.83
Registered electors			22,055
Majority			1,717	10.46
This was a new constituency created.

References

1. "Kedah 14th General Election Malaysia (GE14 / PRU14)". The Star. Petaling Jaya. 23 March 2019. Archived from the original on 15 May 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2019. (Note: Under the "Candidates & Results" heading, click on "State".)
2. "15th Kedah State Election - Results Overview". live.chinapress.com. Retrieved 2023-08-13.
3. "Federal Government Gazette: Notice of Polling Districts and Polling Centres for the Federal and State Constituencies of the States of Malaya [P.U. (B) 157/2018]" (PDF). Attorney General's Chambers of Malaysia. 2018-03-30. Retrieved 2019-01-03.^{[permanent dead link]}