Asthenosoma

Asthenosoma is a genus of sea urchins in the family Echinothuriidae.^[1] Their spines are covered with harmful venom capsules.^[2]

Asthenosoma Temporal range: Middle Jurassic–Recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Fire urchin (Asthenosoma varium)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Echinodermata
Class:	Echinoidea
Order:	Echinothurioida
Family:	Echinothuriidae
Subfamily:	Echinothuriinae
Genus:	Asthenosoma (Grube, 1868)
Species
See text

Taxonomy

The World Echinoidea Database recognises the following species:

• Asthenosoma dilatatum Mortensen, 1934
• Asthenosoma ijimai Yoshiwara, 1897
• Asthenosoma intermedium H.L. Clark, 1938
• Asthenosoma marisrubri Weinberg & de Ridder, 1998 – "Red sea fire urchin"
• Asthenosoma periculosum Endean, 1964
• Asthenosoma striatissimum Ravn, 1928 †
• Asthenosoma varium Grube, 1868 – "fire sea urchin".

"†" means an extinct taxon.

• 
  Asthenosoma varium
• 
  Asthenosoma marisrubri.

References

1. Echinodermata. B. F. Keegan, Brendan D. S. O'Connor. [Place of publication not identified]. 2020. ISBN 978-1-003-07922-4. OCLC 1190776827.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
2. Amemiya, S.; Emlet, R. B. (1992-02-01). "The Development and Larval Form of an Echinothurioid Echinoid, Asthenosoma ijimai, Revisited". The Biological Bulletin. 182 (1): 15–30. doi:10.2307/1542177. ISSN 0006-3185. JSTOR 1542177. PMID 29304716.