Chiococca

Chiococca is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae.^[1] It currently holds 23 species that are native to Florida, Texas, Mexico, Central America, much of South America, the West Indies, and the islands of Galápagos and Fernando de Noronha.^[2][3][4]

Milkberry
Chiococca alba
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Gentianales
Family:	Rubiaceae
Subfamily:	Cinchonoideae
Tribe:	Chiococceae
Genus:	Chiococca P.Browne
Type species
Chiococca alba (L.) Hitchc.
Synonyms
Asemnantha Hook.f.

The type species for the genus is Chiococca alba.^[5] It ranges from Florida to Paraguay and is cultivated as an ornamental.^[6]

Systematics

Chiococca was named by Patrick Browne in 1756.^[1] The generic name is derived from the Greek words χιών (chion), meaning "snow" and κόκκος (kokkos), meaning "kernel" or "berry".^[7]

Chiococca is a member of the tribe Chiococceae.^[8] Within the tribe, it is closely related to Bikkia.^[9]

Species

• Chiococca alba (L.) Hitchc. - Florida, Texas, Bermuda, Mexico, Central America, much of South America, the West Indies, and the Galápagos
• Chiococca auyantepuiensis Steyerm. - Venezuela
• Chiococca belizensis Lundell - Southern Mexico (Tabasco, Chiapas, Oaxaca, Veracruz), Central America, Colombia
• Chiococca caputensis Lorence & C.M.Taylor - Panamá
• Chiococca coriacea M.Martens & Galeotti - México (Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Quintana Roo)
• Chiococca cubensis Urb. - Cuba
• Chiococca filipes Lundell - Central America, México (Chiapas)
• Chiococca henricksonii M.C.Johnst. - México (Coahuila)
• Chiococca insularis (Ridley) C.M.Taylor & M.R.V. Barbosa - Fernando de Noronha, Brazil^[4]
• Chiococca lucens Standl. & Steyerm. - Venezuela (Sororopán-tepui)
• Chiococca motleyana Borhidi - Belize, Guatemala, México
• Chiococca multipedunculata Steyerm. - Guyana
• Chiococca naiguatensis Steyerm. - Venezuela
• Chiococca nitida Benth.
  • Chiococca nitida var. amazonica Müll.Arg. - Venezuela, Guyana, Brazil
  • Chiococca nitida var. chimantensis Steyerm. - Venezuela (Bolívar)
  • Chiococca nitida f. cordata (Cowan) Steyerm. - Guyana
  • Chiococca nitida var. nitida - French Guiana, Guyana, Venezuela, Colombia, Brazil, Paraguay
• Chiococca oaxacana Standl. - Mexico (Tamaulipas, Morelos, Puebla, Oaxaca)
• Chiococca pachyphylla Wernham - Mexico (from Nuevo León to Chiapas), Central America, Colombia
• Chiococca petrina Wiggins - Mexico (Sonora)
• Chiococca phaenostemon Schltdl. - Southern Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Veracruz, Guerrero), Central America
• Chiococca plowmanii Delprete - Brazil (Bahia)
• Chiococca rubriflora Lundell - Mexico (Chiapas), Guatemala
• Chiococca semipilosa Standl. & Steyerm. - Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua)
• Chiococca sessilifolia Miranda - Mexico (Veracruz, Chiapas)
• Chiococca steyermarkii Standl. - Guatemala
• Chiococca stricta Correll - Bahamas

References

1. Browne, Patrick. 1756. Civil and Natural History of Jamaica in Three Parts 164, Chiococca
2. Mabberley DJ (2008). Mabberley's Plant Book (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-82071-4.
3. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Chiococca
4. Figueira, Maurício; Schindler, Bianca; Jardim, Jomar G.; Barbosa, Maria Regina de V. (2020-10-30). "Rediscovery of Chiococca insularis (Ridley) C.M.Taylor & M.R.V. Barbosa (Rubiaceae), a species presumed extinct, on the island of Fernando de Noronha, Pernambuco, Brazil". Check List. 16 (5): 1407–1413. doi:10.15560/16.5.1407. ISSN 1809-127X.
5. Chiococca In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: Regnum Vegetabile (see External links below).
6. Anthony J. Huxley, Mark Griffiths, and Margot Levy (editors). 1992. The New Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening. The Macmillan Press Limited, London; The Stockton Press, New York. ISBN 978-0-333-47494-5 (set)
7. Quattrocchi U (2000). CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names. Vol. 1. Boca Raton, New York, Washington DC, London: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-2675-2.
8. "Genus Chiococca". Taxonomy. UniProt. Retrieved 2009-12-11.
9. Manns U, Bremer B (2010). "Towards a better understanding of intertribal relationships and stable tribal delimitations within Cinchonoideae s.s. (Rubiaceae)" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 56 (1): 21–39. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.04.002. PMID 20382247. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-09-27.

External links

• CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names: A-C At: Botany & Plant Science At: Life Science At: CRC Press
• Chiococca At: Search Page At: World Checklist of Rubiaceae At: Index by Team At: Projects At: Science Directory At: Scientific Research and Data At: Kew Gardens
• Chiococca At: Index Nominum Genericorum At: References At: NMNH Department of Botany At: Research and Collections At: Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
• Chiococca At: Plant Names At: IPNI
• Chiococca In: The Civil and Natural History of Jamaica At: Record for Civ. Nat. Hist. Jam. At: Titles At: Biodiversity Heritage Library