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Arendalsk, Arendal dialect or Arendal Norwegian (Bokmål and Nynorsk: Arendalsk, Arendalsdialekten; the Arendal dialect: Ændalsk) is a dialect of Norwegian used in Arendal.
- Intervocalic /p, t, k/ are realized as voiced [b, d, ɡ]. This feature appeared in this dialect in the 20th century.[2][3]
- A uvular [ʀ] realization of /r/ was established in Arendal before the 20th century.[2][3]
- /ʀ/ is frequently dropped, so that e.g. Lars becomes Læs.[3]
- The ending /əʀ/ is pronounced [ɔ] (as in Danish), so that the word for 'basement' is kjeller in Bokmål, but kjellå in the Arendal dialect.[2][3]
According to the linguist Gjert Kristoffersen, a recent change is that the postvocalic /ʀ/ is vocalized to [æ̯], rather than dropped. The phonetic diphthongs [ʉæ̯] and [uæ̯] may be monophthongized and lowered to, respectively, [œː] and [ɔː], so that the words for 'to do gymnastics' and 'thorn' (which phonemically are, respectively, /ˈtʉ̂ʀne/ and /ˈtûʀne/) vary in their phonetic realization between, respectively, [ˈtʉ̂æ̯nə] ~ [ˈtœ̂ːnə] and [ˈtûæ̯nə] ~ [ˈtɔ̂ːnə]. This process may be extended to mid vowels.[4]
Tonemes
Phonetic realization
Tonemes of the Arendal dialect are the same as those of the Oslo dialect; accent 1 is low-rising, whereas accent 2 is falling-rising.[5]
- Gjert Kristoffersen[4]
- Rockebandet Ændal, a heavy metal band that sings in the Arendal dialect[6]
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