Amphicyoninae

Amphicyoninae is a subfamily of extinct amphicyonids, large terrestrial carnivores sometimes called "bear-dogs", belonging to the suborder Caniformia, which inhabited North America, Eurasia, and Africa from the middle Eocene to the late Miocene.

Amphicyonines Temporal range: 37.2–5 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Late Eocene - late Miocene
Sculpture interpretation of Paludocyon bohemicus
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Carnivora
Family:	†Amphicyonidae
Subfamily:	†Amphicyoninae Trouessart (1885)
Genera
†Amphicyon †Bonisicyon †Cynelos †Cynodictis †Goupilictis †Ischyrocyon †Magericyon †Mogharacyon †Myacyon †Namibiocyon †Paludocyon †Peignecyon †Pliocyon †Pseudocyon †Tartarocyon

Amphicyoninae was first named by Trouessart (1885). It was assigned to Canidae by Matthew (1902), to Ursidae by Ginsburg (1977) and to Amphicyonidae by Hunt (1998).^[1][2][3]

Genera include:

• Amphicyon, found in both Europe and N. America
• Cynelos, synonyms include Absonodaphoenus (from Florida) and Hecubides (from Africa^[4]), endemic to N. America
• Cynodictis
• Ischyrocyon (syn. Hadrocyon), endemic to N. America
• Goupilictis
• Magericyon
• Paludocyon
• Pliocyon, endemic to N. America
• Pseudocyon (syn. Amphicyonopsis), endemic to Europe and N. America

Fossil distribution

Specimens have been recovered from:

• Midway Site, Gadsden County, Florida ~18.9—18.8 Ma.
• Rabbitt Creek Site, Meagher County, Montana ~21.7—18 Ma.
• Grimes Landing Site, King William County, Virginia ~17.6 Ma.
• Arrisdrift, Namibia ~23.03—11.6 Ma.
• Les Beilleaux, France ~20—16.9 Ma.

References

1. W. D. Matthew. 1902. New canidae from the Miocene of Colorado. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 16(21):281-290
2. L. Ginsburg. 1977. Les carnivores du Miocene de Beni Mellal (Maroc). Geologie Mediterraneene 4(3):225-240
3. R. M. Hunt. 1998. Amphicyonidae. 196-227
4. Morales, J.; Pickford, M. (December 2008). "Creodonts and carnivores from the Middle Miocene Muruyur Formation at Kipsaraman and Cheparawa, Baringo District, Kenya". Comptes Rendus Palevol. 7 (8): 487–497. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2008.09.011.

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