Alexey Troitsky

This article is about Russian and Soviet chess composer. For Russian and Soviet footballer, see Aleksei Troitsky (footballer).

Alexey Alexeyevich Troitsky (Russian: Алексе́й Алексе́евич Тро́ицкий; March 14, 1866 – August 1942; also Alexei, Troitzky, Troitzki) was a Russian chess theoretician. He is widely considered to have been one of the greatest composers of chess endgame studies.^[1] He is widely regarded as the founder of the modern art of composing chess studies (Seirawan 2003:91). Troitsky died of starvation during World War II at the siege of Leningrad. During the war, many of his notes got destroyed or lost so some of the latest chess problems he composed were never published.

Alexey Alexeyevich Troitsky
A. A. Troitsky
Born	14 March 1866 Saint Petersburg
Died	14 August 1942 Saint Petersburg
Occupation	chess composer
Language	Russian
Nationality	Russian Empire
Genre	chess theory
Subject	endgame
Notable works	Troitzky (1935)

One of his most famous works involves analyzing the endgame with two knights versus a pawn, see Troitsky line. John Nunn analyzed this endgame with an endgame tablebase and stated that "the analysis of Troitsky ... is astonishingly accurate" (Nunn 1995:265).

Compositions

Troitsky was a prolific composer of endgame studies. Irving Chernev included nine of them in Chernev (1989). The diagram shows one of them.

Troitsky, 1909

	a	b	c	d	e	f	g	h
8									8
7									7
6									6
5									5
4									4
3									3
2									2
1									1
	a	b	c	d	e	f	g	h

White to move and win

The main line goes:
1.	Nb6!	Qe8
2.	Nd7!	Kc4
3.	Qxc7+	Kb4
4.	Qc5+	Kb3
5.	Qc3+	Ka4
6.	Qd4+	Ka3
7.	Nc5	Qb8
8.	Qa1+	Kb4
9.	Na6+

and White wins (Chernev 1989:207–208).

Books

• 500 Endspielstudien. Berlin: Verlag Kagan. 1924.
• Собрание шахматных этюдов [Collection of Chess Studies]. 1935.
• Reinfeld, Fred, ed. (1968) [1934]. 360 Brilliant and Instructive End Games. Dover Publications. ISBN 0-486-21959-3.
• Collection of Chess Studies: With a Supplement on the Theory of the End-Game of Two Knights Against Pawns. Tschaturanga [de]. Vol. 66. Olms. 1985 [1935]. ISBN 3-283-00114-6.
• Collection of Chess Studies: With a Supplement on the Theory of the End-Game of Two Knights Against Pawns (Reprint of Troitzky (1985) ed.). Ishi Press. 2006 [1985]. ISBN 0-923891-10-2.

See also

• Two knights endgame (contains the Troitsky line)

Notes

1. In the introduction to Collection of Chess Studies, Sam Sloan writes "... Trotzky is considered to have been the greatest composer of chess endgame studies ever."

References

• Chernev, Irving (1989). 200 Brilliant Endgames. Dover Publications. ISBN 0-486-43211-4.
• Nunn, John (1995). Secrets of Minor-Piece Endings. Batsford. ISBN 0-8050-4228-8.
• Seirawan, Yasser (2003). Winning Chess Endings. Everyman Chess. ISBN 1-85744-348-9.

External links

• Troitzky Chess, invented by Paul Byway, a chess variant where checkmate by two knights can be forced.