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African hair threading[1] (also known as hair threading/ threading) is a traditional hairstyling technique deeply rooted in African culture. It is cherished for its versatility, beauty, and cultural significance. This age-old practice involves intricately wrapping or braiding the natural hair with threads, often made of wool, cotton, or Nylon threads creating striking and elaborate patterns.[2] Hair threading is a meticulous art form, passed down through generations, showcasing the richness of African hairstyling artistry within various African communities.
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African hair threading has multiple names across Africa in the West African country of Nigeria for example different ethnic groups know African hair threading by their native names. The native name in the Igbo language is isi òwu or òwu isī.[3][4] isi in Igbo language refers to a common name used in referencing a hairstyle while òwu indicates the threads.[5][6] In Yoruba language it is known as Irun Kiko.[7] In Ghana in the Ga language it is known as Akweley Waabii,[8] in East Africa it is known as Nywele[9] in the Swahili language.
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Hair threading remains a prevalent and cherished traditional hairstyle within many sub-Saharan African societies, particularly prevalent in the cultures of Western and Central Africa. This age-old practice of African hair threading has deep roots in the cultural heritage of diverse African communities, tracing its origins back centuries. Its enduring presence can be dated to as early as the 15th century, serving as a time-honored method that promotes length retention and nurtures the health of natural hair.[10]
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The process begins by sectioning the hair, then wrapping each section with threads and tightly securing the hair in place.[11] Not only does this technique serve as a protective style, safeguarding hair from breakage and promoting healthy growth, but it also allows for creativity and expression, with diverse patterns and designs reflecting cultural symbolism, personal identity, or celebratory occasions.
African hair threading fosters a strong sense of community and tradition, with women often bonding over shared experiences during the intricate threading process, transmitting cultural heritage from one generation to the next. Moreover, beyond its aesthetic appeal, hair threading serves as a cultural marker, embodying heritage, pride, and a celebration of African identity.
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There are many variations and styles in African hair threading, depending on the types and patterns as well as the shape, size, and direction of the sections of hair.[12]
Some of the common styles are:
Corkscrew: This style involves wrapping the thread around the hair in a spiral motion, creating long, springy sections that resemble corkscrews.[13]
Flat twists[14]
Different colors of threads can be used in creating contrast or to highlight patterns in hair threading.[15]
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