Abd al-Rahman al-Kayyali

Not to be confused with Abd Al-Rahman Al-Gillani.

Abd al-Rahman al-Kayyali (Arabic: عبد الرحمن الكيالي; 1887 – 13 September 1969) was a physician from the city of Aleppo and member of the Syrian independence movement who served as the Minister of Justice and Education for two terms.

Abd al-Rahman al-Kayyali عبد الرحمن الكيالي
Minister of Justice and Education
In office 21 December 1936 – 18 February 1939
Preceded by	Said al-Ghazzi
Succeeded by	Nasib al-Bakri
In office 19 August 1943 – 5 April 1945
Preceded by	Faydi al-Atasi
Succeeded by	Said al-Ghazzi
Personal details
Born	1887 Aleppo, Ottoman Syria
Died	September 13, 1969(1969-09-13) (aged 81–82) Aleppo, Syria

Biography

Born in Aleppo, al-Kayyali studied medicine at the Lebanese American University and graduated in 1914.^[1] Upon the emergence of WWI, he served as a medic in the Ottoman Army in Al-Hamraa, Hama Governorate.^[2]

In 1919, al-Kayyali was among the founders of the Arab Club of Aleppo, a political salon and society that promoted Aleppine regionalism and Arab nationalism in Syria against the French rule during the Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon.^[3]

Later on, he joined the National Bloc, in which he became a member of Parliament in 1928, 1936 and 1943. In the meantime, he served as the Minister of Justice and Education during the premiership of Jamil Mardam Bey, Saadallah al-Jabiri and Faris al-Khoury,^[4] from 1936 to 1939 and from 1943 to 1945.^[2]

Al-Kayyali also served as a diplomat for Syria. After the formal independence of Syria following the Franco-Syrian Treaty of Independence in September 1936, he was appointed non-resident ambassador to the League of Nations by president Hashim al-Atassi, a position he quit after his nomination as a cabinet member in December 1936. From 1947 to 1949 he represented the Syrian Republic as a delegate to the United Nations General Assembly.^[5]

Al-Kayyali died on 13 September 1969.^[2]

Legacy

As a representative of the Aleppan bourgeoisie and a nationalist activist, al-Kayyali built strong ties with leaders of Syria's first independence movement, including Ibrahim Hananu, leader of the so-called Hananu Revolt against French rule. Kayyali can be considered one of the most prestigious citizens of Aleppo of his time and a Western educated proponent of anti-colonial nationalist ideology.^[6]

One of al-Kayyali's grandsons, the dentist Mustafa Kayali (or Al-Kayyali), emerged as a prominent civil society activist during the Syrian uprising and was, according to media reports, among the authors of a document known as the "Code of Conduct for Syrian Coexistence" in 2017, endorsed by various Syrian community leaders.^[7]

References

1. مثقفون سياسيون سوريون ليبراليون بمنتصف القرن العشرين. alaraby.co.uk (in Arabic). 15 January 2018.
2. عبد الرحمن الكيالي (in Arabic). Syrian Modern History.
3. Khoury, Philip Shukry (1987). Syria and the French Mandate: The Politics of Arab Nationalism, 1920-1945. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. p. 106.
4. White, Benjamin Thomas (2012-09-11). Emergence of Minorities in the Middle East. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 9780748688937.
5. Moubayed, Sami (2018). The Makers Of Modern Syria. I.B. Tauris. doi:10.5040/9781350988880. ISBN 978-1-78673-455-6.
6. Gelvin, James L. (1951). Divided Loyalties: Nationalism and Mass Politics in Syria at the Close of Empire. Los Angeles / Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 85–86.
7. Team, ICSR (2018-01-18). "Syria's Best of Enemies Breaking Good". ICSR. Retrieved 2019-10-23.