820s

The 820s decade ran from January 1, 820, to December 31, 829.

820

By place

Abbasid Caliphate

Abbasid caliph Al-Ma'mun appointed Isa ibn Yazid al-Juludi as Abbasid governor of Yemen for few months.
Caliph Al-Ma'mun appointed Hisn ibn al-Minhal as Abbasid governor of Yemen for few months.
Caliph Al-Ma'mun appointed Ibrahim al-Ifriqi as Abbasid governor of Yemen. He remained in office until 821.
Caliph al-Ma'mun appointed Abu Nasr ibn al-Sari as Abbasid governor of Egypt.

Byzantine Empire

December 25 – Emperor Leo V (the Armenian) is assassinated by conspirators in the Hagia Sophia, at Constantinople. Though unarmed, he fights back fiercely but dies of his wounds. He is succeeded by Michael II, the commander of the palace guard (excubitores). Leo's family (including his mother and his wife Theodosia) are exiled to monasteries in Princes' Islands.^[1]

Ireland

Fedelmid mac Crimthainn assumes the kingship as ruler of Munster (modern Ireland).

China

Emperor Xian Zong dies from poisoning (due to medicines), after a 14-year reign. He is succeeded by his son Mu Zong, as ruler of the Tang dynasty.

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820

Adalbert I, Frankish margrave (approximate date)
Adelaide of Tours, Frankish noblewoman (approximate date)
Álmos, military leader (gyula) of the Hungarians (approximate date)
Anandavardhana, Indian philosopher (d. 890)
Ashot I ("the Great"), king of Armenia (approximate date)
Buhturi, Syrian poet (d. 897)
Godfrid Haraldsson, Danish Viking king (approximate date)
Grimbald, Frankish Benedictine monk (d. 901)
Hucbert, Frankish nobleman (d. 864)
Ibn Khordadbeh, Persian geographer (approximate date)
Qusta ibn Luqa, Syrian Melkite physician (d. 912)
Ranulf I of Aquitaine, Frankish nobleman (d. 866)
Rhodri the Great, king of Gwynedd (Wales) (approximate date)

821

Gao Pian, general of the Tang dynasty (d. 887)
Gisela, Frankish princess, daughter of Louis the Pious
Ibn Abi Asim, Muslim Sunni scholar (or 822)
Ordoño I, king of Asturias (approximate date)

822

Al-Mutawakkil, Muslim caliph (d. 861)
Ibn Abi Asim, Muslim Sunni scholar (or 821)
Minamoto no Tōru, Japanese poet (d. 895)
Xuefeng Yicun, Chinese Chan master (d. 908)

823

June 13 – Charles the Bald, king of the Franks (d. 877)^[35]
Ermentrude of Orléans, queen of the Franks (d. 869)
Muhammad I, Muslim emir of Córdoba (d. 886)
Pepin II (the Younger), king of Aquitaine

824

Al-Tirmidhi, Persian scholar and hadith compiler (d. 892)
Chen Tao, Chinese poet (d. 882)
Ibn Majah, Persian scholar and hadith compiler
Li Pu, prince of the Tang dynasty (d. 828)
Muhammad ibn Abdallah, Muslim governor (or 825)
Zhao Chou, Chinese warlord (d. 889)

825

Ariwara no Narihira, Japanese waka poet (d. 880)
Charles, Frankish bishop and archchancellor (or 830)
Fujiwara no Yasunori, Japanese nobleman (d. 895)
Landulf II, bishop and count of Capua (approximate date)
Louis II, king of Italy and Holy Roman Emperor (d. 875)
Muhammad ibn Abdallah, Muslim governor (or 824)
Ono no Komachi, Japanese poet (approximate date)
Tsunesada, Japanese prince (d. 884)

826

January 22 – Montuku, emperor of Japan (d. 858)
November 29 – William of Septimania, Frankish nobleman (d. 850)
Al-Mubarrad, Muslim grammarian (d. 898)
Ansgarde of Burgundy, Frankish queen (approximate date)
Cyril, Byzantine missionary and bishop (d. 885)
Doseon, Korean Buddhist monk (d. 898)
Thābit ibn Qurra, Muslim astronomer and physician (d. 901)

827

Cyril, Byzantine missionary and bishop (d. 869)
Ibn al-Rawandi, Muslim scholar and writer (d. 911)
Maura of Troyes, Frankish noblewoman and saint (d. 850)

828

Ali al-Hadi, 10th Shia Imam
Al-Dinawari, astronomer and grammarian (d. 889)
Carloman of Bavaria, Frankish king (or 830)
Ibn Qutaybah, Muslim scholar (d. 889)
Yantou Quanhuo, Chinese Chan master (d. 887)

829

September 8 – Ali al-Hadi, 10th Shia Imam (approximate date)
Al-Nasa'i, Muslim scholar and hadith compiler (approximate date)
Lu Yan, chancellor of the Tang dynasty (d. 874)
Yahya I, Muslim sultan (d. 864)

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820

September 14, Li Yong, chancellor of the Tang dynasty
December 25, Leo V, emperor of the Byzantine Empire (b. 775)
Adi Shankara, Indian philosopher and theologian (b. 788)
Causantín mac Fergusa, king of the Picts^[36]
Huangfu Bo, chancellor of the Tang dynasty
Lupo III, duke of Gascony (approximate date)
Muhammad ibn Idris al-Shafi‘i, Muslim imam (b. 767)
Olcobhar mac Cummuscach, abbot of Clonfert
Song Ruoxin, Chinese scholar and poet (b. 768)
Tnúthgal mac Donngaile, king of Munster
Tutu Chengcui, eunuch and advisor of the Tang dynasty
Wang Chengzong, general of the Tang dynasty
Xian Zong, emperor of the Tang dynasty (b. 778)

821

April 7 – George the Standard-Bearer, archbishop of Mytilene (b. c. 776)
May 2 – Liu Zong, general of the Tang dynasty
December 18 – Theodulf, bishop of Orléans
Arno, archbishop of Salzburg
Artrí mac Cathail, king of Munster (Ireland)
Benedict of Aniane, Frankish monk
Borna, duke (knez) of Croatia
Coenwulf, king of Mercia
Egbert, bishop of Lindisfarne
Guisclafred, Frankish nobleman (approximate date)
Li Su, general of the Tang dynasty (b. 773)
Tian Hongzheng, general of the Tang dynasty (b. 764)
Wei Guanzhi, chancellor of the Tang dynasty (b. 760)
Zheng Yuqing, chancellor of the Tang dynasty (b. 746)

822

June 26 – Saichō, Japanese Buddhist monk (b. 767)
Al-Hakam I, Muslim emir of Córdoba (b. 771)
Al-Waqidi, Muslim historian and biographer
Denebeorht, bishop of Worcester
Eigil of Fulda, Bavarian abbot
Gregory Pterotos, Byzantine general (strategos)
Kim Hŏn-ch'ang, Silla aristocrat and rebel leader
Li Yijian, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty (b. 756)
Tahir ibn Husayn, founder of the Tahirid Dynasty
Tian Bu, general of the Tang Dynasty (b. 785)
Winiges, duke of Spoleto (Italy)

823

Adelochus, archbishop of Strasbourg (b. 786)
Boniface I, margrave of Tuscany
Ceolwulf I, king of Mercia (approximate date)
Gondulphus, bishop of Metz
Han Hong, general of the Tang Dynasty b. 765)
Ljudevit, duke of the Slavs in Lower Pannonia
Thekla, Byzantine empress (approximate date)
Thomas the Slav, Byzantine general and usurper
Timothy I, Syrian patriarch
Wulfheard, bishop of Hereford (approximate date)

824

February 11 – Paschal I, pope of the Catholic Church
March 5 – Suppo I, Frankish nobleman
August 5 – Heizei, emperor of Japan (b. 773)
Adelard, duke of Spoleto (Italy)
Han Yu, Chinese philosopher and poet (b. 768)
Mauring, Frankish nobleman
Mu Zong, emperor of the Tang dynasty (b. 795)
Óengus of Tallaght, Irish bishop
Ruthmael, Irish abbot and bishop
Sayyida Nafisa, Arab female scholar (b. 762)
Wetti of Reichenau, German scholar
Zhang Hongjing, Chinese chancellor (b. 760)

825

Abu Ubaidah, Muslim scholar (b. 728)
Hywel ap Rhodri, king of Gwynedd (Wales)
Ida of Herzfeld, Frankish noblewoman (approximate date)
Liu Wu, general of the Tang Dynasty
Máel Bressail mac Ailillo, king of Ulaid (Ireland)
Song Ruozhao, Chinese scholar, lady-in-waiting and poet (b. 770)
Rampon, count of Barcelona
Welf, father of Judith of Bavaria
Wihomarc, Breton chieftain

826

Ashot I, prince of Iberia (or 830)
Ashot Msaker, prince of Armenia
Bai Xingjian, Chinese poet and writer (b. 776)
Beornwulf, king of Mercia
Fujiwara no Fuyutsugu, Japanese general (b. 775)
Heondeok, king of Silla (Korea)
Li Guangyan, Chinese general (b. 761)
Li Wu, prince of the Tang Dynasty
Theodore the Studite, Byzantine abbot (b. 759)
Wu Yantong, Chinese Buddhist monk
Zhu Kerong, Chinese governor (jiedushi)

827

January 1 – Adalard of Corbie, Frankish abbot
August 27 – Eugene II, pope of the Catholic Church
October 10 – Valentine, pope of the Catholic Church
Agnello Participazio, doge of Venice
Claudius, archbishop of Turin
Grigol of Kakheti, Georgian prince
Guillemundus, Frankish nobleman
Hildegrim, bishop of Châlons
Jing Zong, emperor of the Tang Dynasty (b. 809)
Li Yi, Chinese poet (or 829)
Ludeca, king of Mercia
Wu Chongyin, Chinese general (b. 761)
Yaoshan Weiyan, Chinese Buddhist monk (b. 745)

828

Asad ibn al-Furat, Muslim jurist and theologian (b. 759)
Euphemius, Byzantine admiral and usuper
Ibn Hisham, Muslim historian (or 833)
Idriss II, Muslim emir of Morocco (b. 791) ^[37]
Nikephoros I, patriarch of Constantinople
Talha ibn Tahir, Muslim governor

829

June 1 – Li Tongjie, general of the Tang dynasty
July 30 – Shi Xiancheng, general of the Tang dynasty
October 2 – Michael II, emperor of the Byzantine Empire (b. 770)
Abu al-Razi Muhammad, Muslim governor
Cináed mac Mugróin, king of Uí Failghe
Cui Zhi, chancellor of the Tang dynasty (b. 772)
Giustiniano Participazio, doge of Venice
Leibulf of Provence, Frankish nobleman
Li Yi, Chinese poet (or 827)
Li You, general of the Tang dynasty
Muiredach mac Ruadrach, king of Leinster
'Umayr ibn al-Walid, Muslim governor
Wei Chuhou, chancellor of the Tang dynasty (b. 773)
Zheng Yin, chancellor of the Tang dynasty (b. 752)

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[1]
Theophanes Continuatus, pp. 40–41.
[2]
Mladjov, Ian. "Croatian Rulers" (PDF). Retrieved 2011-05-21.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
[3]
Bury, John Bagnell (1912). A History of the Eastern Roman Empire from the Fall of Irene to the Accession of Basil I (A.D. 802–867). London: Macmillan and Company. pp. 101–102. OCLC 458995052.
[4]
Lemerle, Paul (1965). "Thomas le Slave". Travaux et mémoires 1 (in French). Paris: Centre de recherche d'histoire et civilisation de Byzance. pp. 279–281, 291. OCLC 457007063.
[5]
Treadgold, Warren (1988). The Byzantine Revival, 780–842. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. p. 240. ISBN 978-0-8047-1462-4.
[6]
McKitterick, Rosamond, The New Cambridge History, 700-900.
[7]
Bury, John Bagnell (1912). A History of the Eastern Roman Empire from the Fall of Irene to the Accession of Basil I (A.D. 802–867). London: Macmillan and Company. pp. 105–106. OCLC 458995052.
[8]
Treadgold, Warren (1988). The Byzantine Revival, 780–842. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. pp. 241–242. ISBN 978-0-8047-1462-4.
[9]
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Tenchō" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 958, p. 958, at Google Books; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, see Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File Archived 2012-05-24 at archive.today.
[10]
O'Brien, Richard P. (2000). Lives of the Popes. New York: Harper Collins. pp. 132-133. ISBN 0-06-065304-3.
[11]
John N.D. Kelly, Gran Dizionario Illustrato dei Papi, p. 272
[12]
Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 243.
[13]
Treadgold, Warren T. (1988). The Byzantine Revival, 780–842. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. p. 242. ISBN 0-8047-1462-2.
[14]
Wickham, Chris. Early Medieval Italy: Central Power and Local Society 400-1000. MacMillan Press: 1981
[15]
.Bury, J. B. (1912). A History of the Eastern Roman Empire from the Fall of Irene to the Accession of Basil I (A.D. 802–867). Macmillan and Company. pp. 104–105. OCLC 458995052.
[16]
Warren Treadgold, The Byzantine Revival, 780–842 (Stanford University Press, 1988, p. 242. ISBN 978-0-8047-1462-4.
[17]
""Brusher, S.J., Joseph. "Eugene II - the Reformer", Popes Through the Ages".
[18]
Kennedy, Hugh (2018). "The Origins of the Aghlabids". In Anderson, Glaire D.; Fenwick, Corisande; Rosser-Owen, Mariam (eds.). The Aghlabids and Their Neighbors: Art and Material Culture in Ninth-Century North Africa. Brill. p. 47. ISBN 978-90-04-35566-8.
[19]
Marios Costambeys, Power and Patronage in Early Medieval Italy (Cambridge: 2007), 342–343.
[20]
"Ireland's History in Maps (800 AD)". Dennis Walsh. Archived from the original on 9 July 2014. Retrieved on 26 July 2017.
[21]
Stenton, Anglo-Saxon England, p. 231.
[22]
"Brief history of Sicily" (PDF). Archaeology.Stanford.edu. 7 October 2007. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
[23]
Peter Sammartino and William Roberts, Sicily: An Informal History, p. 43.
[24]
Gilbert Meynier (2010) L'Algérie cœur du Maghreb classique. De l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658-1518). Paris: La Découverte; p. 23.
[25]
John V.A. Fine, Jr. (1991). The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century, p. 107. ISBN 978-0-472-08149-3.
[26]
Rolland, Jacques L.; Sherman, Carol (2006). The Food Encyclopedia. Toronto: Robert Rose. pp. 335–338. ISBN 978-0-778-80150-4.
[27]
Treadgold (1988), pp. 253–254.
[28]
Vasiliev (1935), pp. 83–84.
[29]
Rucquoi, Adeline (1993). Histoire médiévale de la Péninsule ibérique. Paris: Seuil. p. 86. ISBN 2-02-012935-3.
[30]
Donald M. Nicol, Byzantium and Venice: A study in diplomatic and cultural relations (Cambridge: University Press, 1988), p. 24.
[31]
Klein, "Adalram".
[32]
Timothy E. Gregory, A History of Byzantium, (Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2010), p. 227.
[33]
Treadgold, Warren (1988). The Byzantine Revival, 780–842, Stanford University Press, p. 268. ISBN 0-8047-1462-2.
[34]
Lamb, H. H. (1977) Climate: Present, Past and Future: Climatic History and the Future Vol 2, Methuen and Co. Ltd., London.
[35]
"Charles II | Holy Roman emperor". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 27 November 2020.
[36]
Lynch, Michael, ed. (February 24, 2011). The Oxford companion to Scottish history. Oxford University Press. p. 70. ISBN 9780199693054.
[37]
Gilbert Meynier (2010) L'Algérie cœur du Maghreb classique. De l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658-1518). Paris: La Découverte; p. 28.

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[1] [1]
Theophanes Continuatus, pp. 40–41.

[Mladjov-2] [2]
Mladjov, Ian. "Croatian Rulers" (PDF). Retrieved 2011-05-21.^{[permanent dead link‍]}

[3] [3]
Bury, John Bagnell (1912). A History of the Eastern Roman Empire from the Fall of Irene to the Accession of Basil I (A.D. 802–867). London: Macmillan and Company. pp. 101–102. OCLC 458995052.

[4] [4]
Lemerle, Paul (1965). "Thomas le Slave". Travaux et mémoires 1 (in French). Paris: Centre de recherche d'histoire et civilisation de Byzance. pp. 279–281, 291. OCLC 457007063.

[5] [5]
Treadgold, Warren (1988). The Byzantine Revival, 780–842. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. p. 240. ISBN 978-0-8047-1462-4.

[6] [6]
McKitterick, Rosamond, The New Cambridge History, 700-900.

[7] [7]
Bury, John Bagnell (1912). A History of the Eastern Roman Empire from the Fall of Irene to the Accession of Basil I (A.D. 802–867). London: Macmillan and Company. pp. 105–106. OCLC 458995052.

[8] [8]
Treadgold, Warren (1988). The Byzantine Revival, 780–842. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. pp. 241–242. ISBN 978-0-8047-1462-4.

[9] [9]
Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Tenchō" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 958, p. 958, at Google Books; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, see Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File Archived 2012-05-24 at archive.today.

[10] [10]
O'Brien, Richard P. (2000). Lives of the Popes. New York: Harper Collins. pp. 132-133. ISBN 0-06-065304-3.

[11] [11]
John N.D. Kelly, Gran Dizionario Illustrato dei Papi, p. 272

[ZZTJ243-12] [12]
Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 243.

[13] [13]
Treadgold, Warren T. (1988). The Byzantine Revival, 780–842. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. p. 242. ISBN 0-8047-1462-2.

[14] [14]
Wickham, Chris. Early Medieval Italy: Central Power and Local Society 400-1000. MacMillan Press: 1981

[15] [15]
.Bury, J. B. (1912). A History of the Eastern Roman Empire from the Fall of Irene to the Accession of Basil I (A.D. 802–867). Macmillan and Company. pp. 104–105. OCLC 458995052.

[16] [16]
Warren Treadgold, The Byzantine Revival, 780–842 (Stanford University Press, 1988, p. 242. ISBN 978-0-8047-1462-4.

[17] [17]
""Brusher, S.J., Joseph. "Eugene II - the Reformer", Popes Through the Ages".

[18] [18]
Kennedy, Hugh (2018). "The Origins of the Aghlabids". In Anderson, Glaire D.; Fenwick, Corisande; Rosser-Owen, Mariam (eds.). The Aghlabids and Their Neighbors: Art and Material Culture in Ninth-Century North Africa. Brill. p. 47. ISBN 978-90-04-35566-8.

[19] [19]
Marios Costambeys, Power and Patronage in Early Medieval Italy (Cambridge: 2007), 342–343.

[20] [20]
"Ireland's History in Maps (800 AD)". Dennis Walsh. Archived from the original on 9 July 2014. Retrieved on 26 July 2017.

[Stenton_231-21] [21]
Stenton, Anglo-Saxon England, p. 231.

[stan-22] [22]
"Brief history of Sicily" (PDF). Archaeology.Stanford.edu. 7 October 2007. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.^{[permanent dead link‍]}

[23] [23]
Peter Sammartino and William Roberts, Sicily: An Informal History, p. 43.

[24] [24]
Gilbert Meynier (2010) L'Algérie cœur du Maghreb classique. De l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658-1518). Paris: La Découverte; p. 23.

[25] [25]
John V.A. Fine, Jr. (1991). The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century, p. 107. ISBN 978-0-472-08149-3.

[26] [26]
Rolland, Jacques L.; Sherman, Carol (2006). The Food Encyclopedia. Toronto: Robert Rose. pp. 335–338. ISBN 978-0-778-80150-4.

[27] [27]
Treadgold (1988), pp. 253–254.

[28] [28]
Vasiliev (1935), pp. 83–84.

[rucquoi1993-29] [29]
Rucquoi, Adeline (1993). Histoire médiévale de la Péninsule ibérique. Paris: Seuil. p. 86. ISBN 2-02-012935-3.

[30] [30]
Donald M. Nicol, Byzantium and Venice: A study in diplomatic and cultural relations (Cambridge: University Press, 1988), p. 24.

[Klein-31] [31]
Klein, "Adalram".

[Gregory227-32] [32]
Timothy E. Gregory, A History of Byzantium, (Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2010), p. 227.

[33] [33]
Treadgold, Warren (1988). The Byzantine Revival, 780–842, Stanford University Press, p. 268. ISBN 0-8047-1462-2.

[34] [34]
Lamb, H. H. (1977) Climate: Present, Past and Future: Climatic History and the Future Vol 2, Methuen and Co. Ltd., London.

[35] [35]
"Charles II | Holy Roman emperor". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 27 November 2020.

[36] [36]
Lynch, Michael, ed. (February 24, 2011). The Oxford companion to Scottish history. Oxford University Press. p. 70. ISBN 9780199693054.

[37] [37]
Gilbert Meynier (2010) L'Algérie cœur du Maghreb classique. De l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658-1518). Paris: La Découverte; p. 28.

[1]

[35]

[36]

[37]

820s

820

By place

Abbasid Caliphate

Byzantine Empire

Ireland

China

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820s

820

By place

Abbasid Caliphate

Byzantine Empire

Ireland

China

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Significant people

Births

Deaths

References