790s

The 790s decade ran from January 1, 790, to December 31, 799.

790

By place

Byzantine Empire

September – The Armeniac Theme, located in northeastern Asia Minor (modern Turkey), revolts against Empress Irene, and declares the 19-year-old Constantine VI sole ruler of the Byzantine Empire. Other themes follow its example, and imprison their strategoi. Constantine sends his iconoclast general Michael Lachanodrakon, to ensure that the Armeniacs (his closest supporters) take an oath. Irene is confined and imprisoned in her palace at Constantinople; all her eunuchs are exiled.

Europe

Alcuin, Anglo-Saxon missionary, returns (after an 8-year absence) to England. During his stay at the Carolingian court of King Charlemagne in Aachen, he has educated his sons Charles, Pepin and Louis. Alcuin revises the church liturgy and the Bible, and is responsible for an intellectual movement within the Frankish Kingdom.

Britain

King Æthelred I returns to Northumbria, and is restored to the throne after living in exile for 11 years. His rival Osred II is deposed, forcibly tonsured, and exiled to the Isle of Man. Æthelred then faces a rebellion by another rival, named Eardwulf. The latter is captured, and hanged outside the gates to Ripon Abbey. The body is taken into the abbey, where Eardwulf recovers and escapes to exile.
King Offa of Mercia takes control of East Anglia. King Æthelberht II mints his own coins, in defiance of his overlord (approximate date).

Asia

Cambodia begins to break away from the Sumatra-based kingdom Srivijaya, as a 20-year-old Cambodian prince, who claims descent from the rulers of Funan, is consecrated in eastern Cambodia with the title Jayavarman II. In the next 10 years he will extend his powers north into the Mekong Valley (modern Vietnam).

By topic

Religion

Irish monks (known as the Papar), possibly members of a Hiberno-Scottish mission, supposedly reach Iceland in hide-covered coracles, and begin settlements (approximate date). However, the evidence for this is scant.
Angilbert, Frankish diplomat (primicerius palatii) of King Charlemagne, is made abbot of Saint-Riquier (Northern France).
Joseph is consecrated Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch

790

Athanasia of Aegina, Byzantine noblewoman, adviser and saint (approximate date)
Cyngen ap Cadell, king of Powys (Wales)
Fātimah bint Mūsā, Muslim saint (d. 816)
Íñigo Arista, king of Pamplona (approximate date)
Leo IV, pope of the Catholic Church (d. 855)^[23]
Li He, Chinese poet (d. 816)^[24]
Lu Tong, Chinese poet (d. 835)
Musa ibn Musa al-Qasawi, Muslim military leader (d. 862)
Ramiro I, king of Asturias (approximate date)

791

Idris II, Muslim emir of Morocco (d. 828)
Pei Xiu, chancellor of the Tang dynasty (d. 864)

792

Abd al-Rahman II, Muslim emir of Córdoba (d. 852)
Abo, Japanese prince (d. 842)
Adrian II, pope of the Catholic Church (d. 872)
Bai Minzhong, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty (d. 861)
Virasena, Indian mathematician (d. 853)

793

Arnulf of Sens, Frankish nobleman (or 794)
Li Ning, prince of the Tang Dynasty (d. 812)
Theophylact, Byzantine co-emperor (approximate date)
Wei Mo, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty (d. 858)
Wu Yuanji, general of the Tang Dynasty (or 783)
Zhou Chi, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty (d. 851)

794

Arnulf of Sens, Frankish nobleman (or 793)
Du Cong, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty

795

Æthelwulf, king of Wessex (approximate date)
Babak Khorramdin, Persian military leader (or 798)
Bernard of Septimania, Frankish duke (d. 844)
Gregory IV, pope of the Catholic Church (d. 844)
Judith of Bavaria, Frankish queen (or 797/805)
Landulf I, gastald (or count) of Capua (approximate date)
Lothair I, king and emperor of the Franks (d. 855)
Mu Zong, emperor of the Tang Dynasty (d. 824)
Nithard, Frankish historian (d. 844)
Renaud d'Herbauges, Frankish nobleman (d. 843)

796

Al-Mu'tasim, Muslim caliph (d. 842)
Dhul-Nun al-Misri, Egyptian scholar and Sufi (d. 859)
Ibrahim ibn Ya'qub al-Juzajani, Muslim hadith scholar
Liu Zhuan, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty (d. 858)
Lü Dongbin, Chinese scholar and poet
Xiao Fang, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty (d. 875)

797

Bernard of Italy, king of the Lombards (d. 818)
Ignatius I, patriarch of Constantinople (or 798)
Judith of Bavaria, Frankish empress (or 805)
Meinrad of Einsiedeln, German hermit (d. 861)
Pepin I of Aquitaine, king of Aquitaine (d. 838)
Shinshō, Japanese Buddhist monk (d. 873)

798

Abdallah ibn Tahir, Muslim governor (approximate date)
Babak Khorramdin, Persian military leader (approximate date)
Ignatius I, patriarch of Constantinople (approximate date)

799

Jiang Shen, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty (d. 881)
Langdarma, emperor of Tibet (approximate date)
Zhang Yichao, Chinese general (approximate date)

790

Fujiwara no Otomuro, Japanese empress consort (b. 760)
Thecla of Kitzingen, saint and abbess
Torson, Frankish count of Toulouse (or 789)

791

Artgal mac Cathail, king of Connacht (Ireland)
Idris I, emir and founder of the Idrisid dynasty (b. 745)
Wermad, bishop of Trier
Zhang Xiaozhong, general of the Tang dynasty (b. 730)

792

August 12 – Jænberht, archbishop of Canterbury
Cináed mac Artgail, king of Connacht (Ireland)
Máel Ruain, Irish abbot and founder of Tallaght Abbey
Michael Lachanodrakon, Byzantine general (strategos)
Osred II, king of Northumbria

793

February 22 – Sicga, Anglo-Saxon nobleman
Idriss I, Muslim emir and founder of the Idrisid Dynasty (or 791)^[25]

794

May 20 – Æthelberht II, king of East Anglia
August 10 – Fastrada, Frankish queen consort (b. 765)
Solus, Anglo-Saxon missionary and saint (approximate date)

795

December 25 – Adrian I, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 700)
Ælfthryth of Crowland, Anglo-Saxon princess
Bran Ardchenn, king of Leinster (Ireland)
Malik ibn Anas, founder of the Maliki School (b. 711)
Witzan, Obodrite prince

796

April 18 – Æthelred I, king of Northumbria
June 12 – Hisham I, Muslim emir (b. 757)
July 29 – Offa, king of Mercia (b. 730)
August 10 – Eanbald, archbishop of York
Colla mac Fergusso, king of Connacht (Ireland)
Ecgfrith, king of Mercia
Fujiwara no Tsuginawa, Japanese statesman (b. 727)
Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-Fazari, Muslim philosopher (or 806)
Sibawayh, Persian linguist and grammarian (b. 760)
Tassilo III, duke of Bavaria (approximate date)

797

February 6 – Donnchad Midi, High King of Ireland
Æthelberht of Whithorn, Anglo-Saxon bishop
Abd Allah ibn al-Mubarak, scholar and theologian
Al-Hasan ibn Qahtaba, Muslim military leader
Bermudo I, king of Asturias (approximate date)
Caradog ap Meirion, king of Gwynedd (approximate date)
Constantine VI, emperor of the Byzantine Empire (b. 771)
Cummascach mac Fogartaig, king of South Brega
Guan Bo, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty (b. 719)
Muireadhach mac Olcobhar, Irish abbot

798

Abu Yusuf, Muslim jurist and chief adviser
Caradog ap Meirion, king of Gwynedd (or 797)
Lu Mai, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty (b. 739)
Wonseong, king of Silla (Korea)

799

April 13 – Paul the Deacon, Lombard monk and historian
September 4 – Musa al-Kadhim, seventh Twelver Shī‘ah Imam (b. 745)
Eric, duke of Friuli
Gerold, Alamannian nobleman
Huaisu, Chinese Buddhist monk (b. 737)
Osbald, king of Northumbria

[1]
David Nicolle (2014). The Conquest of Saxony AD 782–785, p. 79. ISBN 978-1-78200-825-5
[2]
Rogerson, Barnaby (2010). Marrakesh, Fez and Rabat. London: Cadogan Guides. p. 238. ISBN 978-1-86011-432-8.
[3]
"The History of Volubilis". Volubilis Project. 25 September 2003. Archived from the original on April 24, 2012. Retrieved 29 October 2012.
[4]
David Nicolle (2014). The Conquest of Saxony AD 782–785, p. 80. ISBN 978-1-78200-825-5.
[5]
Einhard (1880). The Life of Charlemagne (in Latin). Translated by Turner, Samuel Epes. New York: Harper & Brothers. Archived from the original on May 26, 2023. Retrieved June 25, 2023.
[6]
David Nicolle (2014). The Conquest of Saxony AD 782–785, p. 20. ISBN 978-1-78200-825-5
[7]
David Nicolle (2014). The Conquest of Saxony AD 782–785, p. 80. ISBN 978-1-78200-825-5
[8]
"Hisham I - Emir of Cordoba". April 26, 2021.
[9]
"Carcassonne City".
[10]
Witakowski, Witold (2011). "Quryaqos". In Sebastian P. Brock; Aaron M. Butts; George A. Kiraz; Lucas Van Rompay (eds.). Gorgias Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Syriac Heritage: Electronic Edition. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
[11]
David Nicolle (2014). The Conquest of Saxony AD 782–785, p. 20. ISBN 978-1-78200-825-5
[12]
"Heian period". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2007-04-24.
[13]
AhmedSalim (2017-01-23). "The Rise of an Industry: Papermaking". 1001 Inventions. Retrieved 2024-08-27.
[14]
David Nicolle (2014). The Conquest of Saxony AD 782–785, p. 81. ISBN 978-1-78200-825-5.
[15]
Loew, Patty; "Indian Nations of Wisconsin: Histories of Endurance and Renewal"; Madison, Wisconsin Historical Society Press; 2001.
[16]
David Nicolle (2014). The Conquest of Saxony AD 782–785, p. 81. ISBN 978-1-78200-825-5
[17]
Fine, John V. A. Jr. (1991) [1983]. The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. p. 78. ISBN 0-472-08149-7.
[18]
David Nicolle (2014). The Conquest of Saxony AD 782–785, p. 81. ISBN 978-1-78200-825-5
[19]
David Nicolle (2014). The Conquest of Saxony AD 782–785, p. 82. ISBN 978-1-78200-825-5.
[20]
The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, manuscript E, year 796 (798). Translation by Michael Swanton, 1996.
[21]
Picard, Christophe (2000). Le Portugal musulman (VIIIe-XIIIe siècle0. L'Occident d'al-Andalus sous domination islamique. Paris: Maisonneuve & Larose. p. 109. ISBN 2-7068-1398-9.
[22]
Sawyer, Peter. "The Viking Expansion." The Cambridge History of Scandinavia, Volume 1: Prehistory to 1520. 105.
[23]
Craig, James (27 July 2016). Shemlan: A History of the Middle East Centre for Arab Studies. Springer. p. 235. ISBN 978-1-349-14413-6.
[24]
"Li He | Center for the Art of Translation | Two Lines Press". Center for the Art of Translation. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
[25]
Meynier, Gilbert (2010). L'Algérie cœur du Maghreb classique. De l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658–1518). Paris: La Découverte. p. 28.

[1] [1]
David Nicolle (2014). The Conquest of Saxony AD 782–785, p. 79. ISBN 978-1-78200-825-5

[2] [2]
Rogerson, Barnaby (2010). Marrakesh, Fez and Rabat. London: Cadogan Guides. p. 238. ISBN 978-1-86011-432-8.

[3] [3]
"The History of Volubilis". Volubilis Project. 25 September 2003. Archived from the original on April 24, 2012. Retrieved 29 October 2012.

[4] [4]
David Nicolle (2014). The Conquest of Saxony AD 782–785, p. 80. ISBN 978-1-78200-825-5.

[5] [5]
Einhard (1880). The Life of Charlemagne (in Latin). Translated by Turner, Samuel Epes. New York: Harper & Brothers. Archived from the original on May 26, 2023. Retrieved June 25, 2023.

[6] [6]
David Nicolle (2014). The Conquest of Saxony AD 782–785, p. 20. ISBN 978-1-78200-825-5

[7] [7]
David Nicolle (2014). The Conquest of Saxony AD 782–785, p. 80. ISBN 978-1-78200-825-5

[8] [8]
"Hisham I - Emir of Cordoba". April 26, 2021.

[9] [9]
"Carcassonne City".

[10] [10]
Witakowski, Witold (2011). "Quryaqos". In Sebastian P. Brock; Aaron M. Butts; George A. Kiraz; Lucas Van Rompay (eds.). Gorgias Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Syriac Heritage: Electronic Edition. Retrieved 22 May 2020.

[11] [11]
David Nicolle (2014). The Conquest of Saxony AD 782–785, p. 20. ISBN 978-1-78200-825-5

[12] [12]
"Heian period". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2007-04-24.

[13] [13]
AhmedSalim (2017-01-23). "The Rise of an Industry: Papermaking". 1001 Inventions. Retrieved 2024-08-27.

[14] [14]
David Nicolle (2014). The Conquest of Saxony AD 782–785, p. 81. ISBN 978-1-78200-825-5.

[15] [15]
Loew, Patty; "Indian Nations of Wisconsin: Histories of Endurance and Renewal"; Madison, Wisconsin Historical Society Press; 2001.

[16] [16]
David Nicolle (2014). The Conquest of Saxony AD 782–785, p. 81. ISBN 978-1-78200-825-5

[17] [17]
Fine, John V. A. Jr. (1991) [1983]. The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. p. 78. ISBN 0-472-08149-7.

[18] [18]
David Nicolle (2014). The Conquest of Saxony AD 782–785, p. 81. ISBN 978-1-78200-825-5

[19] [19]
David Nicolle (2014). The Conquest of Saxony AD 782–785, p. 82. ISBN 978-1-78200-825-5.

[20] [20]
The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, manuscript E, year 796 (798). Translation by Michael Swanton, 1996.

[picard2000-21] [21]
Picard, Christophe (2000). Le Portugal musulman (VIIIe-XIIIe siècle0. L'Occident d'al-Andalus sous domination islamique. Paris: Maisonneuve & Larose. p. 109. ISBN 2-7068-1398-9.

[22] [22]
Sawyer, Peter. "The Viking Expansion." The Cambridge History of Scandinavia, Volume 1: Prehistory to 1520. 105.

[23] [23]
Craig, James (27 July 2016). Shemlan: A History of the Middle East Centre for Arab Studies. Springer. p. 235. ISBN 978-1-349-14413-6.

[24] [24]
"Li He | Center for the Art of Translation | Two Lines Press". Center for the Art of Translation. Retrieved 5 November 2024.

[25] [25]
Meynier, Gilbert (2010). L'Algérie cœur du Maghreb classique. De l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658–1518). Paris: La Découverte. p. 28.

[23]

[24]

[25]

790s

790

By place

Byzantine Empire

Europe

Britain

Asia

By topic

Religion

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790s

790

By place

Byzantine Empire

Europe

Britain

Asia

By topic

Religion

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Significant people

Births

Deaths

References