57 Persei

57 Persei, or m Persei, is a suspected triple star^[10] system in the northern constellation of Perseus. It is at the lower limit of visibility to the naked eye, having a combined apparent visual magnitude of 6.08.^[2] The annual parallax shift of 16.4 mas provides a distance measure of 199 light years. 57 Persei is moving closer to the Sun with a radial velocity of about −23^[5] km/s and will make perihelion in around 2.6 million years at a distance of roughly 22 ly (6.6 pc).^[11]

57 Persei

Observation data Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation	Perseus
Right ascension	04h 33m 24.90304s[1]
Declination	+43° 03′ 50.0154″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V)	6.078[2]
Characteristics
Spectral type	F0 V[3]
U−B color index	+0.01[4]
B−V color index	+0.38[4]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)	−23.0±4.3[5] km/s
Proper motion (μ)	RA: +5.370[1] mas/yr Dec.: +5.531[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)	16.3759 ± 0.0181 mas[1]
Distance	199.2 ± 0.2 ly (61.07 ± 0.07 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)	+2.23[6]
Details
Mass	1.28[7] M☉
Radius	2.6[1] R☉
Luminosity	11.0[1] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)	3.87[7] cgs
Temperature	6,615±225[7] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]	−0.19[8] dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)	90[3] km/s
Age	1.614[7] Gyr
Other designations
m Per, 57 Per, BD+42°990, FK5 1124, HD 28704, HIP 21242, HR 1434, SAO 39604, WDS J04334+4304A[9]
Database references
SIMBAD	data

The primary member, 57 Persei, is a magnitude 6.18,^[10] yellow-white hued F-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of F0 V,^[3] indicating it is generating energy by fusing its core hydrogen. It is an estimated 1.6^[7] billion years old and is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 90 km/s.^[3] The star has 1.3^[7] times the mass of the Sun and is radiating 11 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of around 6,615 K.^[7]

An unseen companion has been identified via slight changes to the proper motion of the primary.^[10] The third possible member of the system, designated component B,^[12] is a magnitude 6.87 F-type star at an angular separation of 120.13 arc seconds.^[10] This star has a different parallax and space velocity than the primary,^[13] so it may just be a wide visual companion.^[12] There are three other nearby visual companions that are not physically associated with the 57 Persei system.^[12]

References

1. Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
2. Høg, E.; et al. (2000), "The Tycho-2 catalogue of the 2.5 million brightest stars", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 355: L27, Bibcode:2000A&A...355L..27H, doi:10.1888/0333750888/2862.
3. Royer, F.; et al. (February 2007), "Rotational velocities of A-type stars. III. Velocity distributions", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 463 (2): 671–682, arXiv:astro-ph/0610785, Bibcode:2007A&A...463..671R, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20065224, S2CID 18475298.
4. Dorrit Hoffleit (1991). Combined\bsc5: The Bright Star Catalogue. 5th Ed., Preliminary Version. Yale University Observatory.
5. de Bruijne, J. H. J.; Eilers, A.-C. (October 2012), "Radial velocities for the HIPPARCOS-Gaia Hundred-Thousand-Proper-Motion project", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 546: 14, arXiv:1208.3048, Bibcode:2012A&A...546A..61D, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219219, S2CID 59451347, A61.
6. Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (2012), "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation", Astronomy Letters, 38 (5): 331, arXiv:1108.4971, Bibcode:2012AstL...38..331A, doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015, S2CID 119257644.
7. David, Trevor J.; Hillenbrand, Lynne A. (2015), "The Ages of Early-Type Stars: Strömgren Photometric Methods Calibrated, Validated, Tested, and Applied to Hosts and Prospective Hosts of Directly Imaged Exoplanets", The Astrophysical Journal, 804 (2): 146, arXiv:1501.03154, Bibcode:2015ApJ...804..146D, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/804/2/146, S2CID 33401607.
8. Casagrande, L.; et al. (June 2011), "New constraints on the chemical evolution of the solar neighbourhood and Galactic disc(s). Improved astrophysical parameters for the Geneva-Copenhagen Survey", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 530: A138, arXiv:1103.4651, Bibcode:2011A&A...530A.138C, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201016276, S2CID 56118016.
9. "57 Per". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2018-01-30.
10. Eggleton, P. P.; Tokovinin, A. A. (September 2008), "A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 389 (2): 869–879, arXiv:0806.2878, Bibcode:2008MNRAS.389..869E, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x, S2CID 14878976.
11. Bailer-Jones, C. A. L. (March 2015), "Close encounters of the stellar kind", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 575: 13, arXiv:1412.3648, Bibcode:2015A&A...575A..35B, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201425221, S2CID 59039482, A35.
12. Mason, B. D.; et al. (2014), "The Washington Visual Double Star Catalog", The Astronomical Journal, 122 (6): 3466, Bibcode:2001AJ....122.3466M, doi:10.1086/323920
13. Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.