2018 Tripura Legislative Assembly election

The 2018 Tripura Legislative Assembly election was held on 18 February for 59 of the state's 60 constituencies.^[3] The counting of votes took place on 3 March 2018. With 43.59% of the vote, the BJP secured a majority of seats (36) and subsequently formed the government with Biplab Kumar Deb as Chief Minister. The former governing Left Front alliance while receiving 44.35% of the vote secured only 16 seats.

2018 Tripura Legislative Assembly election

← 2013 18 February 2018 2023 →
← outgoing members elected members →
60 seats in the Tripura Legislative Assembly 31 seats needed for a majority
Opinion polls
Turnout	91.38% ( 2.19 pp)
Majority party Minority party Third party   Leader Biplab Kumar Deb Manik Sarkar Pradyot Manikya Party BJP CPI(M) INC Alliance NDA LF UPA Leader since 2016 1998 2017 Leader's seat Banamalipur Dhanpur Did not contest Last election 1.54%, 0 seat 51.63%, 49 seats 36.53%, 10 seats Seats won 36[1][2] 16[1][2] 0 Seat change 36 33 10 Popular vote 1,025,673 1,043,640 42,100 Percentage 43.59% 44.35% 1.79% Swing 41.5 pp 5.51 pp 34.73 pp
Structure of the Tripura Legislative Assembly after the election
Chief Minister before election Manik Sarkar CPI(M) Elected Chief Minister Biplab Kumar Deb BJP

Background

The term of the Tripura Legislative Assembly ended on 6 March 2018.^[4] Having governed Tripura since the 1998 election, the ruling Left Front alliance, under Chief Minister Manik Sarkar, sought re-election. Meanwhile, the region in general had been under the political control of the CPI(M) for 25 years prior to the election, leading to the region being dubbed a "red holdout"^[5] even when the 34-year uninterrupted rule of a CPI(M)-led alliance of Communist parties in West Bengal, the world's longest democratically elected Communist-led government, came to an end in 2011.

Their primary challengers came in the form of the Bharatiya Janata Party, which under the leadership of Narendra Modi was the governing party of India on a national level.^[6] The BJP is a Hindu nationalist party, whose policies directly oppose those of the Communists.^[7] However, the party claimed no seats, and a mere 1.5% of the vote, in the region's previous election.^[8] Once considered a political pariah in Northeast India due to its significant Christian tribal population & the party's association with the Sangh Parivar (which aimed to achieve Hindu unity by achieving a Hindi belt centric cultural homogenisation), the BJP following its victory in the 2014 general elections had swiflty formed a coalition of Northeast-centric smaller parties within its larger national coalition to challenge the Congress hold over the region. BJP's first breakthrough in Northeast India came with its victory in Assam's legislative assembly elections in 2016 over issues of Muslim appeasement & an alleged demographic change caused by uncontrolled illegal infiltration of Bengali Muslims from Bangladesh. The Bengali Hindu majority of Tripura, whose forefathers had migrated to the state during Partition of Bengal to escape persecution by Bengali Muslims in East Bengal & had been constantly bickering with the Kokborok-speaking native Tripuri population which had led to incidents of bloodshed like the Mandai massacre deeply resonated with BJP's campaign against illegal infiltration of Bangladeshi Muslims. BJP's alliance with the Tripuri outfit Indigenous People's Front of Tripura also drew Tripuri votes to itself.

BJP built up its organisation in the state by engineering defections from the Left Front & Trinamool Congress (which in turn was engineering defections from the Congress based on dissatisfaction of local cadre with the party's decision to ally with CPI(M) in 2016 West Bengal legislative assembly election, a notable defector being Sudip Ray Barman). Despite the relatively small size of the state, the election took on additional significance on a national level as it was an acid test to gauge the successes of the BJP ahead of the following year's general election,^[9] and a chance to strip the communists, the party's "primary ideological enemy", of its last stronghold.^[5]

Prior to the election, a number of workers of the BJP were murdered. The BJP alleged that the murders were committed by CPI(M) members, which the party denies.^[10][11][12]

Schedule

The Election Commission of India announced that the Legislative Assembly elections in Tripura would be held on 18 February 2018 and the results would be announced on 3 March 2018.^[13]

Event	Date	Day
Date for nominations	24 Jan 2018	Wednesday
Last date for filing nominations	31 Jan 2018	Wednesday
Date for scrutiny of nominations	1 Feb 2018	Thursday
Last date for withdrawal of candidatures	3 Feb 2018	Saturday
Date of poll	18 Feb 2018	Sunday
Date of counting	3 Mar 2018	Saturday
Date before which the election shall be completed	5 Mar 2018	Monday

Electoral process changes

VVPAT-fitted EVMs was used in entire Tripura state in all polling stations in the 2018 elections, which was the first time that the entire state saw the implementation of VVPAT.^[14]

The election took place in a single phase on 18 February 2018 with 89.8% voter turnout.^[15] The results were announced on 3 March 2018.

Contesting parties

297 candidates registered to contest the election.

Party		Symbol	Alliance	Seats contested
	Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M))		Left Front	57
	Communist Party of India (CPI)		Left Front	1
	Revolutionary Socialist Party (RSP)		Left Front	1
	All India Forward Bloc (AIFB)		Left Front	1
	Indian National Congress (INC)		UPA	59
	Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)		NDA	51
	Indigenous Peoples Front of Tripura (IPFT)		NDA	9
	Independents (IND)			27
	Indigenous Nationalist Party of Twipra (INPT)			15
	Tripura People's Party			7
	Amra Bangali			23
	All India Trinamool Congress (AITC)			24
	Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)			5
	Tipraland State Party			9
	Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation			5
	North East India Development Party			1
	Pragatishil Amara Bangali Samaj			1
	I.P.F.T Tiprahaa (Independent)			1
Total				297

Campaign

The other major force in the election was the Indian National Congress, who had taken 36.5% of the popular vote in the region in 2013.^[16] They are also, on a wider scale, the largest force in opposing Modi and the BJP in parliament. As such, Rahul Gandhi, in his capacity as the party's leader, campaigned in the region.^[17] They were determined to prevent the BJP from seizing control on the region, as such an outcome would represent the "demise of the Left".^[18]

Prime Minister Narendra Modi ended his campaign by stating that Tripura deserves a diamond but in order to get it, it must let go of the manik ('semi-precious stone' in Bengali, also a word play on the name of incumbent CM Manik Sarkar) stuck to it.^[19]

Exit Polls

Polling firm	Date published
		BJP+	CPI(M)+	INC	Others
JanKiBaat-NewsX[20]	27 January 2018	35-45	14–23	-	-
CVoter[20]	27 January 2018	24–32	26-34	0–2	-
AxisMyIndia[20]	27 January 2018	44-50	9–15	-	0–3
Dinraat[21]	27 January 2018	10-19	40-49

Results

The incumbent Left Front government was defeated after 25 years of office out of which Manik Sarkar served for about 20 years, with the Bharatiya Janata Party and Indigenous Peoples Front of Tripura winning a large majority of seats. The Indian National Congress, which was the second largest party in the 2013 election, lost all its seats and most of its vote share.

Results by party

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Contested	Won	+/−
	Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)	1,025,673	43.59%		51	36	36
	Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPM)	993,605	42.22%		57	16	33
	Indigenous Peoples Front of Tripura (IPFT)	173,603	7.38%		9	8	8
	Indian National Congress (INC)	42,100	1.79%		59	0	10
	Communist Party of India (CPI)	19,352	0.82%		1	0	1
	Revolutionary Socialist Party (RSP)	17,568	0.75%		1	0
	Indigenous Nationalist Party of Twipra (INPT)	16,940	0.72%		15	0
	All India Forward Bloc (AIFB)	13,115	0.56%		1	0
	All India Trinamool Congress (AITC)	6,989	0.3%		24	0
	Independents (IND)				25	0
	Other parties and coalitions					0
	None of the Above (NOTA)	24,220	1.03%
Total		2,353,246	100.00		60		±0
Valid votes		23,53,246	99.81
Invalid votes		4,474	0.19
Votes cast / turnout		23,57,720	91.38
Abstentions		2,22,393	8.62
Registered voters		25,80,113

Results by constituency

• Winner, runner-up, voter turnout, and victory margin in every constituency^[22]

Assembly Constituency		Turnout	Winner					Runner Up					Margin
#k	Names	%	Candidate	Party		Votes	%	Candidate	Party		Votes	%
1	Simna	91.92%	Brishaketu Debbarma		IPFT	15,977	48.15%	Pranab Debbarma		CPI(M)	14,014	42.23%	1,963
2	Mohanpur	93.53%	Ratan Lal Nath		BJP	22,516	54.43%	Subhas Chandra Debnath		CPI(M)	17,340	41.91%	5,176
3	Bamutia	94.29%	Krishnadhan Das		BJP	20,014	49.15%	Haricharan Sarkar		CPI(M)	19,042	46.76%	972
4	Barjala	92.76%	Dr. Dilip Kumar Das		BJP	22,052	55.42%	Jhumu Sarkar		CPI(M)	15,825	39.77%	6,227
5	Khayerpur	94.37%	Ratan Chakraborty		BJP	25,496	55.86%	Pabitra Kar		CPI(M)	18,457	40.44%	7,039
6	Agartala	90.73%	Sudip Roy Barman		BJP	25,234	55.47%	Krishna Majumder		CPI(M)	17,852	39.24%	7,382
7	Ramnagar	88.44%	Surajit Datta		BJP	21,092	53.51%	Ratan Das		CPI(M)	16,237	41.19%	4,855
8	Town Bordowali	85.97%	Ashish Kumar Saha		BJP	24,293	60.33%	Biswanath Saha		AIFB	13,115	32.57%	11,178
9	Banamalipur	87.37%	Biplab Kumar Deb		BJP	21,755	59.89%	Amal Chakraborty		CPI(M)	12,206	33.6%	9,549
10	Majlishpur	94.76%	Sushanta Chowdhury		BJP	23,249	52.41%	Manik Dey		CPI(M)	19,359	43.64%	3,890
11	Mandaibazar	91.13%	Dhirendra Debbarma		IPFT	21,381	51.94%	Manoranjan Debbarma		CPI(M)	15,517	37.7%	5,864
12	Takarjala	88.23%	Narendra Chandra Debbarma		IPFT	22,056	61.9%	Ramendra Debbarma		CPI(M)	9,404	26.39%	12,652
13	Pratapgarh	94.86%	Rebati Mohan Das		BJP	25,834	51.1%	Ramu Das		CPI(M)	22,686	44.87%	3,148
14	Badharghat	92.1%	Dilip Sarkar		BJP	28,561	52.86%	Jharna Das(Baidya)		CPI(M)	23,113	42.78%	5,448
15	Kamalasagar	93.09%	Narayan Chandra Chowdhury		CPI(M)	18,847	49.99%	Arun Bhowmik		BJP	16,968	45.%	1,879
16	Bishalgarh	94.04%	Bhanu Lal Saha		CPI(M)	21,254	48.43%	Nitai Chowdhury		BJP	20,488	46.68%	766
17	Golaghati	93.46%	Birendra Kishore Debbarma		BJP	19,228	52.62%	Kesab Debbarma		CPI(M)	15,730	43.05%	3,498
18	Suryamaninagar	94.47%	Ram Prasad Paul		BJP	24,874	52.78%	Rajkumar Chowdhury		CPI(M)	20,307	43.09%	4,567
19	Charilam	80.55%	Jishnu Dev Varma		BJP	26,580	90.81%	Palash Debbarma		CPI(M)	1,030	3.52%	25,550
20	Boxanagar	90.85%	Sahid Chowdhury		CPI(M)	19,862	57.69%	Baharul Islam Majumder		BJP	11,847	34.41%	8,015
21	Nalchar	94.48%	Subhash Chandra Das		BJP	19,261	48.48%	Tapan Chandra Das		CPI(M)	18,810	47.34%	451
22	Sonamura	90.95%	Shyamal Chakraborty		CPI(M)	19,275	51.65%	Subal Bhowmik		BJP	15,843	42.46%	3,432
23	Dhanpur	92.62%	Manik Sarkar		CPI(M)	22,176	54.43%	Pratima Bhoumik		BJP	16,735	41.08%	5,441
24	Ramchandraghat	92.11%	Prasanta Debbarma		IPFT	19,439	53.3%	Padma Kumar Debbarma		CPI(M)	15,204	41.69%	4,235
25	Khowai	95.55%	Nirmal Biswas		CPI(M)	20,629	51.57%	Amit Rakshit		BJP	17,893	44.73%	2,736
26	Asharambari	91.77%	Mevar Kumar Jamatia		IPFT	19,188	57.34%	Aghore Debbarma		CPI(M)	12,201	36.46%	6,987
27	Kalyanpur–Pramodenagar	91.68%	Pinaki Das Chowdhury		BJP	20,293	52.01%	Manindra Chandra Das		CPI(M)	17,152	43.96%	3,141
28	Teliamura	89.98%	Kalyani Saha Roy		BJP	22,077	56.37%	Gouri Das		CPI(M)	14,898	38.04%	7,179
29	Krishnapur	91.8%	Atul Debbarma		BJP	16,730	51.21%	Khagendra Jamatia		CPI(M)	14,735	45.11%	1,995
30	Bagma	91.42%	Ram Pada Jamatia		BJP	24,074	50.85%	Naresh Chandra Jamatia		CPI(M)	21,241	44.87%	2,833
31	Radhakishorpur	92.36%	Pranjit Singha Roy		BJP	22,414	52.54%	Srikanta Datta		RSP	17,568	41.18%	4,846
32	Matarbari	92.69%	Biplab Kumar Ghosh		BJP	23,069	49.79%	Madhab Chandra Saha		CPI(M)	21,500	46.4%	1,569
33	Kakraban–Salgarh	92.58%	Ratan Kumar Bhowmik		CPI(M)	24,835	52.95%	Jitendra Majumder		BJP	21,068	44.92%	3,767
34	Rajnagar	91.%	Sudhan Das		CPI(M)	22,004	55.28%	Bibhishan Chandra Das		BJP	16,291	40.93%	5,713
35	Belonia	94.05%	Arun Chandra Bhaumik		BJP	19,307	48.45%	Basudev Majumder		CPI(M)	18,554	46.56%	753
36	Santirbazar	93.22%	Pramod Reang		BJP	21,701	50.88%	Manindra Reang		CPI	19,352	45.37%	2,349
37	Hrishyamukh	93.4%	Badal Chowdhury		CPI(M)	22,673	55.84%	Ashesh Baidya		BJP	16,343	40.25%	6,330
38	Jolaibari	94.32%	Jashabir Tripura		CPI(M)	21,160	49.59%	Ankya Mog Chowdhury		BJP	19,592	45.92%	1,568
39	Manu	94.35%	Pravat Chowdhury		CPI(M)	19,432	47.62%	Dhananjoy Tripura		IPFT	19,239	47.15%	193
40	Sabroom	93.72%	Sankar Roy		BJP	21,059	50.64%	Rita Kar Majumder		CPI(M)	18,877	45.39%	2,182
41	Ampinagar	90.69%	Sindhu Chandra Jamatia		IPFT	18,202	53.47%	Daniel Jamatia		CPI(M)	13,255	38.94%	4,947
42	Amarpur	94.05%	Ranjit Das		BJP	18,970	48.87%	Parimal Debnath		CPI(M)	17,954	46.25%	1,016
43	Karbook	92.02%	Burba Mohan Tripura		BJP	15,622	48.86%	Priyamani Debbarma		CPI(M)	14,825	46.37%	797
44	Raima Valley	91.07%	Dhananjoy Tripura		IPFT	18,673	46.93%	Lalit Mohan Tripura		CPI(M)	16,751	42.1%	1,922
45	Kamalpur	90.68%	Manoj Kanti Deb		BJP	20,165	52.11%	Bijoy Laxmi Singha		CPI(M)	17,206	44.46%	2,959
46	Surma	90.43%	Ashis Das		BJP	20,767	51.48%	Anjan Das		CPI(M)	18,057	44.76%	2,710
47	Ambassa	91.01%	Parimal Debbarma		BJP	20,842	49.42%	Bharat Reang		CPI(M)	17,257	40.92%	3,585
48	Karamcherra	90.03%	Diba Chandra Hrangkhawl		BJP	19,397	55.59%	Umakanta Tripura		CPI(M)	12,061	34.57%	7,336
49	Chawamanu	89.69%	Sambhu Lal Chakma		BJP	18,290	52.3%	Nirajoy Tripura		CPI(M)	14,535	41.56%	3,755
50	Pabiachhara	91.11%	Bhagaban Das		BJP	22,815	54.53%	Samiran Malakar		CPI(M)	16,988	40.6%	5,827
51	Fatikroy	89.67%	Sudhangshu Das		BJP	19,512	51.39%	Tunubala Malakar		CPI(M)	16,683	43.94%	2,829
52	Chandipur	90.22%	Tapan Chakraborty		CPI(M)	18,545	47.48%	Kaberi Singha		BJP	18,143	46.45%	402
53	Kailashahar	86.39%	Moboshar Ali		CPI(M)	18,093	45.02%	Nitish De		BJP	13,259	32.99%	4,834
54	Kadamtala–Kurti	88.28%	Islam Uddin		CPI(M)	20,721	56.84%	Tinku Roy		BJP	13,839	37.96%	6,882
55	Bagbassa	86.74%	Bijita Nath		CPI(M)	18,001	48.09%	Pradip Kumar Nath		BJP	17,731	47.37%	270
56	Dharmanagar	88.38%	Biswa Bandhu Sen		BJP	21,357	57.21%	Abhijit De		CPI(M)	14,070	37.69%	7,287
57	Jubarajnagar	90.59%	Ramendra Chandra Debnath		CPI(M)	18,147	48.54%	Jadab Lal Debnath		BJP	17,498	46.8%	649
58	Panisagar	89.5%	Binay Bhushan Das		BJP	15,892	48.54%	Ajit Kumar Das		CPI(M)	15,331	46.83%	561
59	Pencharthal	89.05%	Santana Chakma		BJP	17,743	49.38%	Anil Chakma		CPI(M)	16,370	45.56%	1,373
60	Kanchanpur	88.18%	Prem Kumar Reang		IPFT	19,448	51.76%	Rajendra Reang (Tripura politician)		CPI(M)	15,317	40.76%	4,131

Highlights

No. of Constituencies

Type of Constituencies	GEN	SC	ST	Total
No. of Constituencies	30	10	20	60

^[23]

Electors

	Men	Women	Third gender	Total
No.of Electors	1,311,983	1,268,119	11	2,580,113
No.of Electors who Voted	1,146,889	1,159,086	2	2,305,977
Polling Percentage	87.42%	91.40%	18.00%	89.38%

^[23]

Performance of Women Candidates

	Men	Women	Total
No.of Contestants	273	24	297
Elected	57	03	60

^[23]

Reactions

The BJP chose Biplab Kumar Deb to be the next Chief Minister. He said: "I am ready to take the responsibility. I will not run away from taking the responsibility. I have already been given a bigger responsibility, the party's state presidentship, which I have been fulfilling to the best of my ability. People responded favourably to our call 'Chalo Paltai' (let's change)." He claimed that having the same party in the central government and at the state level "helps in faster development." He further called for restraint in post-electoral violence: "We do not believe in the politics of vengeance and hatred, so we appeal to the people to maintain peace and calm." In addition he asserted that "the word development does not exist in the dictionary of the CPI-M. Our government will provide good governance and time-bound implementation of all developmental works."^[24]

Former Chief Minister of Kerala and senior CPI(M) leader V. S. Achuthanandan called for the party's leadership to ally with "secular forces" to defeat the Sangh Parivar: "The country is facing serious challenges. The Congress, which had ruled for decades in the post-independence period, has become weaker now. He supported party General Secretary Sitaram Yechury's call for an "understanding" with the INC as "a tactical move with secular forces was necessary."^[25] The party's provincial minister claimed that the BJP had "misused" money and power at the central government in winning the election and that the "challenge to the democracy and the national integrity." Another CPM figure M. V. Jayarajan, private secretary to Kerala Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan, claimed that the INC voters and leaders were moving towards the BJP and that the result should "not be viewed lightly and all the patriots in the country have the responsibility to check and isolate any effort of the communal forces gaining strength in the country.^[25] Politburo member M. A. Baby said that while the result was "unexpected", he did "respect the verdict of the people." He added: "However, there is a decline of 6-7 per cent vote share of the Left front. It's a concern...how the erosion has taken place and why this happened will be dispassionately examined by the party in Tripura and the national leadership."^[26]

Assam Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma derogatorily called for Manik Sarkar to be deported to Bangladesh^[27] following CPI(M)'s defeat after it was revealed that in spite of being in power for 20 years, Sarkar didn't own a home in his name.^[28] Sarma had also made the same comments during campaign,^[29] which represents the long-standing hatred & disdain of the Assamese Hindu population towards both Bengali Muslims & Bengali Hindus.

BJP's victory in a Communist-ruled state having a Bengali Hindu majority (who had been long stereotyped of being largely averse to Hindu right wing ideology) had possible implications for the political scenario of West Bengal, as it represented the rising acceptability of BJP to the Bengali Hindu society at the cost of the decline of Communist ideology.

Charilam bypoll

Polling for the seat of Charilam was postponed to 12 March 2018 after the death of Communist Party of India (Marxist) incumbent candidate Ramendra Narayan Debbarma. The CPI(M) withdrew their candidate for the bypoll claiming that there was an increase in violence.^{[citation needed]}

Despite this, the CPI(M) candidate continued to be present on the ballot paper, and subsequently lost their deposit.^[30][31]

Tripura Legislative Assembly Bypoll, 2018: Charilam^[32]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	BJP	Jishnu Deb Burman	26,580	90.81
	CPI(M)	Palash Debbarma	1030	3.51
	INC	Arjun Debbarma	775	2.64
	INPT	Uma Shankar Debbarma	685	2.34
	Independent	Jyotilal Debbarma	198	0.67	N/A
Majority			25,550	87.29	25550
Turnout
Registered electors
	BJP gain from CPI(M)		Swing

See also

• Elections in India
• 2018 elections in India
• Tripura Legislative Assembly

References

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4. "Upcoming Elections in India". Retrieved 13 March 2017.
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6. "Tripura polls: Communist cadres getting feel of competition from new foe BJP". United News of India. Retrieved 4 March 2018.
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23. "ECI". Election Commission of India.
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26. "Defeat in Tripura should be viewed with seriousness: CPM". OnManorama.
27. ""Manik Sarkar Can Go To Bengal, Kerala Or Bangladesh," Says BJP's Himanta Biswa Sarma". NDTV.com. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
28. "Out of 'sarkar', Manik and wife live in CPM office". The Times of India. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
29. "Assam Minister threatens to send Tripura CM to Bangladesh". www.business-standard.com. 29 December 2017. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
30. "BJP wins Tripura's Charilam assembly contested by Deputy CM after post-poll violence delayed counting - Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis". 15 March 2018. Retrieved 7 June 2018.
31. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 March 2018. Retrieved 17 March 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
32. "Polling underway in Charilam Assembly seat in Tripura". India Today. Retrieved 7 June 2018.

External links

• Election Commission of India
• Full results by district