1961 in literature

This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1961.

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Events

• January 24 – The American dramatist Arthur Miller and the film star Marilyn Monroe are granted a divorce in Mexico on grounds of incompatibility.^[1]
• February – Sylvia Plath suffers a miscarriage. Several of her poems, including "Parliament Hill Fields", address the event.^[2]
• March 15 – Hugh Wheeler's comedy Big Fish, Little Fish opens at the ANTA Theater in New York City, directed by Sir John Gielgud. It is one of the early Broadway plays to explore frankly the issue of male homosexuality.^[3]
• March 20 – The Shakespeare Memorial Theatre, Stratford-upon-Avon, becomes the Royal Shakespeare Theatre and its company the Royal Shakespeare Company, with Peter Hall as director.^[4]
• May – Grove Press publishes Henry Miller's Tropic of Cancer in the United States 27 years after its original publication in France. The book leads to one of many obscenity trials (Grove Press, Inc., v. Gerstein) that test American laws on pornography in the 1960s.
• May 27 – The British bookseller WHSmith closes the last of its in-store circulating library branches.^[5]
• August 8 – The first issue of Fantastic Four, by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby, is published. It is considered the beginning of the post-World War II Marvel Comics line of superhero comic books.
• August 18 – The British magazine Tribune publishes a letter from playwright John Osborne beginning "Damn You, England..."^[6]
• September 8 – Publication of the science fiction novel series Perry Rhodan, der Erbe des Universums, originally written by K. H. Scheer and Walter Ernsting, is begun by Arthur Moewig Verlag in Germany in Romanhefte (partwork) format. It is then published every week, attaining more than 2880 issues and around two billion total copies sold worldwide by the end of 2016.^[7]
• September 14 – Novelist William Golding, having resigned a teaching post at Bishop Wordsworth's School in Salisbury, sets off for the academic year 1961/1962 to teach at Hollins College, Virginia, United States.^[8]
• November 10 – Joseph Heller's satirical novel Catch-22 is first put on sale by Simon & Schuster in the United States, after favorable advance reviews in October. Heller has been working on the book since 1953, based on his experiences as a bombardier during World War II. Its title, which becomes a phrase referring to a no-win situation, had previously been Catch-18.^[9][10]
• unknown date – Michael Halliday publishes a seminal paper on the systemic functional grammar model.^[11]

New books

Fiction

• Brian Aldiss – The Primal Urge^[12]
• Poul Anderson – Three Hearts and Three Lions^[13]
• J. G. Ballard – The Wind From Nowhere
• James Barlow – Term of Trial^[14]
• Sheila Burnford – The Incredible Journey^[15]
• Morley Callaghan – A Passion in Rome
• John Dickson Carr – The Witch of the Low Tide: An Edwardian Melodrama^[16]
• Jean Cau – The Mercy of God
• Henry Cecil – Daughters in Law
• Sid Chaplin – The Day of the Sardine
• James Hadley Chase – A Lotus for Miss Quon
• Agatha Christie
  • Double Sin and Other Stories
  • The Pale Horse
• A. J. Cronin – The Judas Tree
• Jennifer Dawson – The Ha-Ha
• Cecil Day-Lewis – The Worm of Death
• L. Sprague de Camp – The Dragon of the Ishtar Gate
• R. F. Delderfield – Stop at a Winner
• August Derleth – The Reminiscences of Solar Pons
• Cyprian Ekwensi – Jagua Nana
• Ian Fleming – Thunderball (based on screen treatment by Kevin McClory, Jack Whittingham and the author)
• Gillian Freeman (as Eliot George) – The Leather Boys
• Gabriel García Márquez – No One Writes to the Colonel (El coronel no tiene quien le escriba)
• Martyn Goff – The Youngest Director
• Richard Gordon – Doctor on Toast
• Edward Gorey (as Ogdred Weary) – The Curious Sofa. A Pornographic Tale
• Winston Graham – Marnie
• Vasily Grossman – Everything Flows (Все течет; first published 1989)
• Harry Harrison – The Stainless Steel Rat
• Robert A. Heinlein – Stranger in a Strange Land
• Joseph Heller – Catch-22
• Marlen Haushofer – The Wall
• Patricia Highsmith – This Sweet Sickness^[17]
• Richard Hughes -The Fox in the Attic^[18]
• Michael Innes – Silence Observed
• James Kennaway – Household Ghosts ^[19]
• Ismith Khan – The Jumbie Bird
• Margaret Laurence – The Stone Angel^[20]
• John le Carré – Call for the Dead
• Stanisław Lem – Solaris
• Audrey Erskine Lindop – The Way to the Lantern^[21]
• H. P. Lovecraft – The Shunned House
• Ross Macdonald – The Wycherly Woman
• Compton Mackenzie – Mezzotint
• Gladys Mitchell – The Nodding Canaries
• Iris Murdoch – A Severed Head^[22]
• V. S. Naipaul – A House for Mr. Biswas^[23]
• R. K. Narayan – The Man-Eater of Malgudi
• Juan Carlos Onetti – El astillero (The Shipyard)^[24]
• Walker Percy – The Moviegoer
• Emeric Pressburger – Killing a Mouse on Sunday
• Caradog Prichard – Un Nos Ola Leuad (One Moonlit Night)^[25]
• Harold Robbins – The Carpetbaggers
• J. D. Salinger – Franny and Zooey
• Leonardo Sciascia – Il giorno della civetta
• Muriel Spark – The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie^[26]
• Howard Spring – I Met a Lady
• John Steinbeck – The Winter of Our Discontent
• Irving Stone – The Agony and the Ecstasy
• Rex Stout – The Final Deduction
• Theodore Sturgeon – Some of Your Blood
• Jun'ichirō Tanizaki (谷崎 潤一郎) – The Diary of a Mad Old Man (瘋癲老人日記)^[27]
• Leon Uris – Mila 18
• Rose Valland – Le Front de l'art
• H. Russell Wakefield – Strayers from Sheol
• Edward Lewis Wallant – The Pawnbroker
• Evelyn Waugh – Unconditional Surrender
• Morris West – Daughter of Silence
• Angus Wilson – The Old Men at the Zoo
• Richard Yates – Revolutionary Road

Children and young people

• Rev. W. Awdry – Branch Line Engines (sixteenth in The Railway Series of 42 books by him and his son Christopher Awdry)
• Roald Dahl – James and the Giant Peach
• L. Sprague de Camp – non-fiction
  • The Heroic Age of American Invention
  • Man and Power: The Story of Power from the Pyramids to the Atomic Age
• Barbara C. Freeman – Two-Thumb Tom
• Rumer Godden – Miss Happiness and Miss Flower
• René Goscinny and Albert Uderzo – Asterix the Gaul (Astérix le Gaulois)
• Maria Gripe – Josephine
• Norton Juster – The Phantom Tollbooth^[28]
• Bill Peet – Huge Harold
• Kin Platt – The Blue Man
• Wilson Rawls – Where the Red Fern Grows
• George Selden – The Cricket in Times Square (first in an unnamed sequence of seven books)
• Dr. Seuss – The Sneetches and Other Stories
• Elizabeth George Speare – The Bronze Bow
• John Rowe Townsend – Gumble's Yard
• Tomi Ungerer – The Three Robbers

Drama

• John Barton – The Hollow Crown (anthology)
• Samuel Beckett
  • Happy Days
  • Rough for Radio I
  • Rough for Radio II
• Emilio Carballido – Un pequeño día de ira
• Spiro Çomora – Karnavalet e Korçës (Carnival at Korçë)
• Henry Denker – A Far Country
• Friedrich Dürrenmatt – The Physicists (Die Physiker)
• Max Frisch – Andorra
• Jean Genet – The Screens (Les Paravents)
• Girish Karnad – Yayati
• Heiner Müller – Die Umsiedlerin (The Resettler Woman)
• Tom Murphy – A Whistle in the Dark
• John Osborne – Luther
• Neil Simon – Come Blow Your Horn
• John Whiting – The Devils
• Tennessee Williams – The Night of the Iguana
• Wu Han (as Liu Mianzhi) – Hai Rui Dismissed from Office (海瑞罢官, Hǎi Ruì bà guān, published)

Poetry

Main article: 1961 in poetry

• August Derleth editor – Fire and Sleet and Candlelight

Non-fiction

• Alison Adburgham – A Punch History of Manners and Modes, 1841–1940
• The Artists' & Writers' Cookbook – with recipes from 150 famous writers and artists^[29]
• Wayne C. Booth – The Rhetoric of Fiction
• E. H. Carr – What Is History?
• Frantz Fanon – The Wretched of the Earth (Les Damnés de la Terre)
• Fritz Fischer – Griff nach der Weltmacht: Die Kriegzielpolitik des kaiserlichen Deutschland 1914–1918^[30]
• Georges Friedmann – The Anatomy of Work (English translation)^[31]
• Ernest K. Gann – Fate Is the Hunter
• Jane Jacobs – The Death and Life of Great American Cities
• Richard Foster Jones – Ancients and Moderns: A Study of the Rise of the Scientific Movement in Seventeenth Century England
• Theodora Kroeber – Ishi in Two Worlds
• R. D. Laing – Self and Others
• John C. Lilly – Man and Dolphin
• Marshall McLuhan – The Gutenberg Galaxy: The Making of Typographic Man
• Louis Nizer – My Life in Court
• Karl Popper – The Poverty of Historicism
• Anant Priolkar – The Goa Inquisition
• Maxime Rodinson – Muhammad
• Bertrand Russell – Has Man a Future?
• Colin Turnbull – The Forest People
• Webster's Third New International Dictionary
• Theodore H. White – The Making of the President 1960
• Raymond Williams – The Long Revolution
• Peter Wessel Zapffe – Indføring i litterær dramaturgi (Introduction to literary dramaturgy)

Births

• January 8 – Arnaldur Indriðason, Icelandic crime novelist^[32]
• January 11 – Jasper Fforde, English fantasy novelist
• January 12 – Simon Russell Beale, Malaysian-born English Shakespearean actor^[33]
• January 28 – Arnaldur Indridason, Icelandic writer^[34]
• May 4 – Ishita Bhaduri, Indian poet and writer
• May 17 – Han Dong, Chinese poet and novelist
• May 19 – Jennifer Armstrong, American children's author
• May 22 – Andrea Dunbar, English playwright (died 1990)
• June 9 – Aaron Sorkin, American screenwriter, producer and playwright
• June 23 – David Leavitt, American novelist
• June 24 – Rebecca Solnit, American writer and essayist
• July 7 – Eric Jerome Dickey, American writer
• July 10 – Carol Anne Davis, Scottish crime writer
• July 18 – M. J. Alexander, American author and photographer
• July – Richard Flanagan, Australian novelist
• August 20 – Greg Egan, Australian science fiction author
• September 13 – Tom Holt, English historical and comic novelist and poet
• September 26 – Will Self, English novelist, political commentator and broadcaster
• October 5 – Sílvia Soler, Catalan writer and journalist
• October 29 – Michael Gurr, Australian playwright (died 2017)
• November 9 – Jackie Kay, Scottish poet and novelist
• November 14 – Jurga Ivanauskaitė, Lithuanian writer (died 2007)
• November 18 – Steven Moffat, Scottish TV writer
• November 24 – Arundhati Roy, Indian writer and activist
• November – Sarah Holland, English novelist, actress and singer
• December 8 – Ann Coulter, American author^[35]
• November 20 – David Mills, American journalist and TV writer (died 2010)
• December 23 – Ezzat el Kamhawi, Egyptian novelist and journalist
• December 30 – Douglas Coupland, Canadian author^[36]
• unknown date – Winsome Pinnock, British playwright

Deaths

• January 10 – Dashiell Hammett, American crime writer and screenwriter (lung cancer, born 1894)^[37]
• January 21 – Blaise Cendrars (Frédéric-Louis Sauser), Swiss novelist and poet (born 1887)^[38]
• January 30 – Dorothy Thompson, American journalist (born 1893)^[39]
• February 4 – Hazel Heald, American pulp fiction writer (born 1896)
• March 18 – E. Arnot Robertson, English novelist (born 1903)
• April 9 – Oliver Onions (George Oliver), English novelist and ghost story writer (born 1873)
• April 22 – Joanna Cannan, English pony book writer and detective novelist (born 1896)
• April 30 – Jessie Redmon Fauset, American editor, writer and educator (born 1882)^[40]
• May 26 – William Troy, American writer and teacher (cancer, born 1903)
• June 2 – George S. Kaufman, American dramatist and critic (born 1889)^[41]
• June 15 – Peyami Safa, Turkish journalist and writer (born 1899)^[42]
• July 1 – Louis-Ferdinand Céline, French novelist and pamphleteer (born 1894)^[43]
• July 2 – Ernest Hemingway, American novelist (suicide, born 1899)^[44]
• July 12 – Mazo de la Roche, Canadian novelist (born 1879)^[45]
• July 17 – Olga Forsh, Russian dramatist, novelist and memoirist (born 1873)
• August 14 – Clark Ashton Smith, American writer (born 1893)
• August 18 – Leonhard Frank, German writer (died 1882)
• September 27 – H.D. (Hilda Doolittle), American poet, novelist and memoirist (born 1886)^[46]
• October 19 – Mihail Sadoveanu, Romanian novelist (born 1880)
• November 2 – James Thurber, American humorist (born 1894)^[47]
• December 7 – Roussan Camille, Haitian poet and journalist (born 1912)^[48]
• December 26 – Gertrude Minnie Faulding, English children's writer and novelist (born 1875)

Awards

• Carnegie Medal for children's literature: Lucy M. Boston, A Stranger at Green Knowe^[49]
• Eric Gregory Award: Adrian Mitchell, Geoffrey Hill
• Formentor Prize: Jorge Luis Borges and Samuel Beckett
• James Tait Black Memorial Prize for fiction: Jennifer Dawson, The Ha-Ha
• James Tait Black Memorial Prize for biography: M. K. Ashby, Joseph Ashby of Tysoe^[50]
• Lorne Pierce Medal: Robertson Davies^[51]
• Miles Franklin Award: Patrick White, Riders in the Chariot
• Newbery Medal for children's literature: Scott O'Dell, Island of the Blue Dolphins
• Nobel Prize in Literature: Ivo Andrić
• Premio Nadal: Juan Antonio Payno, El curso
• Prix Goncourt: Jean Cau, La Pitié de Dieu^[52]
• Pulitzer Prize for Drama: Tad Mosel, All the Way Home
• Pulitzer Prize for Fiction: Harper Lee, To Kill a Mockingbird
• Pulitzer Prize for Poetry: Phyllis McGinley, Times Three: Selected Verse From Three Decades
• National Book Award for Fiction: Conrad Richter, The Waters of Kronos
• National Book Award for Nonfiction: William L. Shirer, The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich
• National Book Award for Poetry: Randall Jarrell, The Woman at the Washington Zoo: Poems and Translations

References

1. "1961: End of the road for Monroe and Miller". On This Day. BBC. 24 January 1961. Retrieved 2013-04-18.
2. Kirk, Connie Ann (2004). Sylvia Plath: A Biography. Westport, CN: Greenwood Press. p. 85. ISBN 0-313-33214-2.
3. Senelick, Laurence (2013). Theatre Arts on Acting. Routledge. p. 74. ISBN 978-1134723751.
4. "Key Dates". Royal Shakespeare Company. 2010. Archived from the original on 16 June 2010. Retrieved 30 June 2010.
5. British Librarianship and Information Science. Library Association. 1961. p. 228.
6. Luc Gilleman (4 February 2014). John Osborne: Vituperative Artist. Routledge. p. 238. ISBN 978-1-317-84281-1.
7. Imprimatur: Ein Jahrbuch Für Bücherfreunde (in German). Im Verlag der Gesellschaft der Bibliophilen. 2003. p. 186.
8. Carey, John (2009). William Golding: The Man Who Wrote 'Lord of the Flies'. London: Faber. ISBN 9780571231638.
9. Bloom, Harold (2007). Joseph Heller's Catch-22. Infobase Publishing.
10. "What is Catch-22? And why does the book matter?". BBC News. 2002-03-12. Retrieved 2016-01-23.
11. Halliday, M. A. K. (1961). "Categories of the theory of grammar". WORD. 17 (3). International Linguistic Association: 241–292. doi:10.1080/00437956.1961.11659756.
12. Michael R. Collings (1 January 1986). Brian Aldiss. Wildside Press LLC. p. 15. ISBN 978-0-916732-74-5.
13. Norris J. Lacy; Geoffrey Ashe; Sandra Ness Ihle (5 September 2013). The New Arthurian Encyclopedia: New edition. Routledge. p. 8. ISBN 978-1-136-60633-5.
14. National Education. 1965. p. 166.
15. Anita Silvey (1995). Children's books and their creators. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN 0395653800. Retrieved 12 March 2012.
16. John Dickson Carr (1961). The Witch of the Low-tide: An Edwardian Melodrama. Harper.
17. Benjamin Mangrum (November 2018). Land of Tomorrow: Postwar Fiction and the Crisis of American Liberalism. Oxford University Press. p. 87. ISBN 978-0-19-090937-6.
18. Randall Stevenson (1993). A Reader's Guide to the Twentieth-century Novel in Britain. University Press of Kentucky. p. 91. ISBN 0-8131-0823-3.
19. James Kennaway (1 July 2010). Household Ghosts: A James Kennaway Omnibus: A James Kennaway Omnibus. Canongate Books. p. 1. ISBN 978-1-84767-494-4.
20. Sharon Rose Wilson (1993). Margaret Atwood's fairy-tale sexual politics. Univ. Press of Mississippi. p. 354. ISBN 978-1-61703-424-4.
21. The Bookmark. New York State Library. 1961. p. 131.
22. Russell Kirk (1980). Modern Age. Foundation for Foreign Affairs. p. 74.
23. Anthony Boxill (1983). V.S. Naipaul's Fiction: In Quest of The Enemy. York Press. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-919966-34-5.
24. Dr. Paul Jordan (2006). The Author in the Office: Narrative Writing in Twentieth-century Argentina and Uruguay. Tamesis Books. p. 24. ISBN 978-1-85566-126-4.
25. Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion (London, England) (2001). The Transactions of the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion. The Society. p. 214.
26. Michael B. Snyder (2003). Women in Literature: Reading Through the Lens of Gender. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 240. ISBN 978-0-313-31346-2.
27. H. Paul Varley (1984). Japanese Culture. University of Hawaii Press. p. 248. ISBN 978-0-8248-0927-0.
28. John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation (1969). Reports of the President and of the Treasurer. John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation. p. 184.
29. Popova, Maria (17 April 2013). "The Artists' & Writers' Cookbook: A Rare 1961 Treasure Trove of Unusual Recipes and Creative Wit". The Marginalian.
30. Christian Haase (2007). Pragmatic Peacemakers: Institutes of International Affairs and the Liberalization of West Germany 1945-73. Wissner-Verlag. p. 198. ISBN 978-3-89639-603-7.
31. Edmund Byrne (11 March 1992). Work, Inc.: A Philosophical Inquiry. Temple University Press. p. 297. ISBN 978-0-87722-957-5.
32. "Arnaldur Indriðason". Reykjavik UNESCO City of Literature. Archived from the original on 5 August 2020. Retrieved 29 January 2019.
33. Richard Burt (2007). Shakespeares After Shakespeare: An Encyclopedia of the Bard in Mass Media and Popular Culture. Greenwood Press. p. 745. ISBN 978-0-313-33118-3.
34. Contemporary Authors. Cengage Gale. August 2006. p. 215. ISBN 978-0-7876-7876-0.
35. Benjamin F. Shearer, ed. (September 2006). Home Front Heroes [Three Volumes]. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 187. ISBN 978-0-313-04705-3.
36. Douglas Coupland (May 1993). Shampoo Planet. Simon and Schuster. p. 309. ISBN 978-0-671-75506-5.
37. Hellman, Lilian, Introduction to posthumous Hammett, Dashiell, The Big Knockover: Selected Stories and Short Novels (Houghton Mifflin: 1962).
38. Collector's Quest. 1968. p. 38.
39. John Arthur Garraty; Mark Christopher Carnes (1999). American National Biography. Oxford University Press. p. 544. ISBN 978-0-19-512800-0.
40. Carolyn Wedin Sylvander (1981). Jessie Redmon Fauset, Black American Writer. Whitston Publishing Company. p. 23. ISBN 978-0-87875-196-9.
41. "George S. Kaufman Dies at 71". The New York Times. June 3, 1961. Retrieved March 14, 2018.
42. "Peyami Safa (1899)- (15.06.1961)" (in Turkish). Biyografi. Retrieved January 14, 2013.
43. Vitoux, Frédéric (1991). Céline: A Biography. New York: Paragon House. ISBN 1-55778-255-5 Pages=551-7
44. Reynolds, Michael (2000). "Ernest Hemingway, 1899–1961: A Brief Biography". in Wagner-Martin, Linda (ed). A Historical Guide to Ernest Hemingway. New York: Oxford UP. ISBN 978-0-19-512152-0, page 16
45. Crowe-Grande, Trish (9 August 2020). "Exploring the early years of Newmarket literary icon Mazo de la Roche". NewmarketToday.ca. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
46. Elaine Showalter; Lea Baechler; A. Walton Litz (27 September 1993). Modern American Women Writers. Simon and Schuster. p. 81. ISBN 978-0-02-082025-3.
47. Dan Campion (1995). Peter De Vries and Surrealism. Bucknell University Press. p. 55. ISBN 978-0-8387-5311-8.
48. Library of Congress. Latin American, Portuguese, and Spanish Division (1974). The Archive of Hispanic Literature on Tape: a descriptive guide. Library of Congress. p. 92. ISBN 978-0-8444-0115-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
49. Daniel Hahn; Michael Morpurgo (2015). The Oxford Companion to Children's Literature. Oxford University Press. p. 249. ISBN 978-0-19-969514-0.
50. Southern Observer: Southern Books and Authors, Publishing Notes, Best Sellers, Special Features. 1962. p. 90.
51. Nicholas Maes (23 March 2009). Robertson Davies: Magician of Words. Dundurn. p. 225. ISBN 978-1-77070-505-0.
52. French News. Published and distributed by the Cultural Services of the French Embassy. 1963. p. 3.