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The following lists events that happened during 1956 in Australia.
| 1956 in Australia | |
|---|---|
| Monarch | Elizabeth II |
| Governor-General | William Slim |
| Prime minister | Robert Menzies |
| Population | 9,425,563 |
| Elections | WA, SA, NSW, TAS, QLD |
- Monarch – Elizabeth II
- Governor-General – Sir William Slim
- Prime Minister – Robert Menzies
- Chief Justice – Sir Owen Dixon
State Premiers
State Governors
- August - The Murray River flooded (the biggest flood in recorded history), affecting many towns near the river.
- 22 November – The 1956 Summer Olympics opened in Melbourne. The opening ceremony was held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground with 107,700 people watching.
- William Dargie wins the Archibald Prize for his portrait of Albert Namatjira
- Quadrant literary magazine is founded, edited by James McAuley
- 16 September – Australia's first TV station TCN-9 begins regular transmission in Sydney
- 4 November - HSV-7 begins as Melbourne's first TV Station.
- 5 November – The first TV station of the Australian Broadcasting Commission is launched; ABN-2 Sydney.
- 8 September – John Russell wins his first men's national marathon title, clocking 2:26:37.8 in Melbourne.
- Melbourne Cup winner in 1956 was Evening Peal, ridden by George Podmore Trained by E.D.Lawson
- New South Wales wins the Sheffield Shield
- Kurrewa IV takes line honours and Solo wins on handicap in the Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race
- New South Wales Rugby League premiership: St George defeated Balmain
- Victorian Football League premiership: Melbourne defeated Collingwood
- Australian Men's Tennis Championship was won by Lew Hoad from NSW aged 22
- Australian Women's Tennis Championship was won by Miss Mary Carter
- 9 January – Bill Leak, editorial cartoonist (d. 2017)
- 20 January – Richard Morecroft, English-Australian journalist
- 29 January – Ian Davies, basketball player (d. 2013)
- 6 February – Ken Lorraway, triple jumper (d. 2007)
- 27 February – Andrea Mitchell, Western Australian politician and sports administrator (d. 2020)
- 7 March – David Koch, television personality
- 9 March – Steve Vizard, actor
- 9 May – Jana Wendt, journalist
- 22 May – Peter Ali, basketball player
- 15 July – Steve Mortimer, rugby league footballer
- 21 July – Andy Campbell, basketball player
- 31 July – Ernie Dingo, actor
- 12 August – Suzanne Twelftree, Paralympic wheelchair tennis player and powerlifter (d. 2019)
- 17 August – John Kosmina, soccer player and manager
- 17 September – Ross Glendinning, Australian Rules footballer
- 17 September – Yunupingu, musician (Yothu Yindi) and community leader (d. 2013)
- 2 October ~ Peter Evans
- 16 October – Martin Sacks, actor
- 7 November
- Michael Wooldridge, politician
- Gordon McLeod, basketball player and assistant coach.
- 14 November – John Anderson, politician
- 23 November – Shane Gould, swimmer
- 20 March – Fanny Durack, (b. 1889), swimmer[1]
- 29 May – Frank Beaurepaire, (b. 1891), swimmer and politician
- 12 July – John Hayes, (b. 1868), Premier of Tasmania
- 9 August – Archie Cameron, politician (b. 1895)[2]
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