1909 Tasmanian state election

The 1909 Tasmanian state election was held on Friday, 30 April 1909 in the Australian state of Tasmania to elect 30 members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly. This was the first general election in the British Empire to elect all members through a form of proportional representation, the single transferable vote.^[1]

1909 Tasmanian state election

← 1906 30 April 1909 1912 →
All 30 seats to the House of Assembly
First party Second party Third party   Leader John Evans John Earle Party Anti-Socialist Labor Liberal Democrat Leader since 12 July 1904 1906 Leader's seat Franklin Franklin Last election 22 seats 7 seats 6 seats Seats won 17 seats 12 seats 1 seat Seat change 5 5 5 Percentage 50.61% 38.94% 9.70% Swing 8.81 18.82 4.38
Results of the election
Premier before election John Evans Anti-Socialist Resulting Premier John Evans Anti-Socialist

At the 1909 election there was a reduction in the number of members from 35 to 30 and the first statewide use of the Hare-Clark electoral system.^[2]

Six members were elected from each of five electorates.

The election saw an increase in Labour seats from 7 to 12, at the expense of the Anti-Socialist Party.

The Hare-Clark system

The Tasmanian House of Assembly formed in 1856, at first used a plurality voting system, either first-past-the-post voting or plurality block voting, to elect members from one and two-seat electorates. In 1896, the Tasmanian attorney-general, Andrew Inglis Clark, suggested the House adopt a single transferable vote system devised by Englishman Thomas Hare with certain variations devised by himself, which became known as the Hare-Clark system. The system was used on a trial basis in the Hobart and Launceston electorates in 1897 and 1900, but was never used in the country electorates and was repealed in 1901, with the multi-member districts in the cities being broken up at the 1903 election. In order to blunt the emergence of the Labour Party which won eight seats in the 1906 election, Clark convinced the House to apply the Hare-Clark system statewide.^[3]

The outgoing House at the election was represented by 35 single-member districts. The adoption of the Hare-Clark system saw the number of seats in the House reduced from 35 to 30, and six members for each of five electorates (corresponding to the federal electoral divisions of Bass, Darwin, Denison, Franklin and Wilmot) would be elected using proportional representation.

Key dates

Date	Event
20 March 1909	New electoral rolls came into force.[4]
22 March 1909	The Parliament was dissolved.[5]
30 April 1909	Polling day, between the hours of 8am and 6pm.
19 June 1909	The Lewis Ministry was reconstituted.
29 June 1909	Parliament was summoned for business.[6]

Results

Party		Votes	%	+/–	Seats	+/–
	Anti-Socialist	24,779	50.61	8.81	17	5
	Labour	19,067	38.94	18.82	12	5
	Liberal Democrat	4,748	9.70	4.38	1	5
	Independent Labour	366	0.75	3.11	0
Total		48,960	100.00	–	30	–
Valid votes		48,960	97.14
Invalid/blank votes		1,442	2.86
Total votes		50,402	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		95,784	52.62

Popular vote Anti-Socialist   50.61% Labour   38.94% Liberal Democrat   9.70% Independents   0.75%

Seats Anti-Socialist   56.67% Labour   40.00% Liberal Democrat   3.33%

Distribution of seats

Electorate Seats won Bass             Darwin             Denison             Franklin             Wilmot

Anti-Socialist   Labour   Liberal Democrat

Aftermath

The Anti-Socialist Party (previously known as the Free Trade Party) was a coalition of conservative parliamentarians, exhorted by incumbent Premier John Evans to combine their forces against the threat from the Labour Party who had won an unprecedented 12 seats. Evans offered to resign if asked, and in June was taken to his word, with Elliott Lewis elected as leader and premier with a pledge of twelve months loyalty. A faction of Liberals led by Norman Ewing undermined Lewis' leadership, culminating in a no-confidence motion in October 1909 which led to the Governor of Tasmania Sir Harry Barron calling on John Earle to form Tasmania's first Labour ministry, a minority government which lasted only a week before being voted out by the House.^[7]

See also

• Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly, 1909–1912
• Candidates of the 1909 Tasmanian state election

References

1. Farrell and McAllister, Australian Electoral Systems
2. House of Assembly Elections, Parliament of Tasmania.
3. Moon, Jeremy; Campbell Sharman (2003). Australian Politics and Government: The Commonwealth, the States, and the Territories. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-53205-1.
4. "Electoral Act 1907: A Proclamation", Tasmanian Government Gazette, 1909:321 (20 March 1909)
5. "Dissolution of the House of Assembly", Tasmanian Government Gazette, 1912:356 (22 March 1912)
6. "Parliament of Tasmania: A Proclamation", Tasmanian Government Gazette, 1909:762 (22 June 1909)
7. Scott Bennett, 'Lewis, Sir Neil Elliott (1858 - 1935)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 10, Melbourne University Press, 1986, pp 94-95.

External links

• Hughes, Colin A.; Graham, B. D. (1976). Voting for the South Australian, Western Australian and Tasmanian Lower Houses, 1890-1964. Canberra: Australian National University. ISBN 0708113346.
• Report of Committee on General Election, 1909, Tasmanian Electoral Commission, 18 August 1909.